Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1940. / Without thesis note.

Esta tese de doutorado parte do reconhecimento da essencialidade dos serviços públicos, em especial aos serviços de transporte coletivo. O objetivo principal é de cooperar com a inovação do processo de planejamento da qualidade do transporte coletivo urbano por ônibus e adequação destes serviços às suas demandas. Para a construção do método de planejamento da qualidade utilizou-se da metodologia construtivista. O framework foi elaborado a partir da combinação dos resultados da pesquisa teórica integrada às necessidades identificadas pela autora no ambiente em análise. As relações propostas foram estruturadas com base no método Quality Function Deployment (QFD), pois o interesse central foi incluir em um mesmo método de planejamento da qualidade, atributos importantes para os clientes usuários do sistema e o gerenciamento dos processos responsáveis pelo desempenho do serviço oferecido. Como forma de avaliar o método proposto, o mesmo foi aplicado em uma empresa prestadora do serviço de transporte coletivo urbano. A principal contribuição do artefato proposto está na ampliação das ações relacionadas à obtenção da qualidade, evidenciando que apenas o conhecimento sobre o nível de satisfação relacionado ao serviço de transporte coletivo urbano não permite oferecer um serviço de qualidade superior às expectativas dos clientes. É necessário adotar padrões de excelência e reconhecer qual a necessidade de investimentos para melhorar a qualidade e a eficiência no serviço de transporte coletivo urbano de forma contínua e sustentada. Através da aplicação, pôde-se concluir que o método atende as necessidades da empresa, servindo como guia para essencial melhoria da qualidade. / This doctoral thesis part of recognition of the essentiality of public services, particularly the collective urban transport services. The main objective is to cooperate with the innovation of quality planning process of urban collective transport by bus and adequacy of these services to their demands. For the construction of the method of projection of the quality it made use of the methodology constructivist. The framework was prepared from the combination of the results of the theoretical inquiry integrated to the necessities identified by the author in the environment in analysis.The proposed relations were structured on basis of the method Quality Function Deployment (QFD), since the central interest included in the same method of projection of the quality, important attributes for the users clients of the system and the management of the processes responsible for the performance of the offered service. Like the form of valuing the proposed method, the same thing was applied in a serviceable enterprise of the service of urbane collective transport. The main contribution of the proposed product is in the enlargement of the actions made a list to getting the quality, showing up that only the knowledge on the level of satisfaction made a list to the service of urbane collective transport does not allow offering a service of quality superior to the expectations of the clients. It is necessary to adopt standards of excellence and the investments necessity will recognize which to improve the quality and the efficiency in the service of urbane collective transport of continuous and supported form. Through the application, it was possible to end that the method attends the necessities of the enterprise, serving as a guide for effective improvement of the quality.

Esta tese de doutorado parte do reconhecimento da essencialidade dos serviços públicos, em especial aos serviços de transporte coletivo. O objetivo principal é de cooperar com a inovação do processo de planejamento da qualidade do transporte coletivo urbano por ônibus e adequação destes serviços às suas demandas. Para a construção do método de planejamento da qualidade utilizou-se da metodologia construtivista. O framework foi elaborado a partir da combinação dos resultados da pesquisa teórica integrada às necessidades identificadas pela autora no ambiente em análise. As relações propostas foram estruturadas com base no método Quality Function Deployment (QFD), pois o interesse central foi incluir em um mesmo método de planejamento da qualidade, atributos importantes para os clientes usuários do sistema e o gerenciamento dos processos responsáveis pelo desempenho do serviço oferecido. Como forma de avaliar o método proposto, o mesmo foi aplicado em uma empresa prestadora do serviço de transporte coletivo urbano. A principal contribuição do artefato proposto está na ampliação das ações relacionadas à obtenção da qualidade, evidenciando que apenas o conhecimento sobre o nível de satisfação relacionado ao serviço de transporte coletivo urbano não permite oferecer um serviço de qualidade superior às expectativas dos clientes. É necessário adotar padrões de excelência e reconhecer qual a necessidade de investimentos para melhorar a qualidade e a eficiência no serviço de transporte coletivo urbano de forma contínua e sustentada. Através da aplicação, pôde-se concluir que o método atende as necessidades da empresa, servindo como guia para essencial melhoria da qualidade. / This doctoral thesis part of recognition of the essentiality of public services, particularly the collective urban transport services. The main objective is to cooperate with the innovation of quality planning process of urban collective transport by bus and adequacy of these services to their demands. For the construction of the method of projection of the quality it made use of the methodology constructivist. The framework was prepared from the combination of the results of the theoretical inquiry integrated to the necessities identified by the author in the environment in analysis.The proposed relations were structured on basis of the method Quality Function Deployment (QFD), since the central interest included in the same method of projection of the quality, important attributes for the users clients of the system and the management of the processes responsible for the performance of the offered service. Like the form of valuing the proposed method, the same thing was applied in a serviceable enterprise of the service of urbane collective transport. The main contribution of the proposed product is in the enlargement of the actions made a list to getting the quality, showing up that only the knowledge on the level of satisfaction made a list to the service of urbane collective transport does not allow offering a service of quality superior to the expectations of the clients. It is necessary to adopt standards of excellence and the investments necessity will recognize which to improve the quality and the efficiency in the service of urbane collective transport of continuous and supported form. Through the application, it was possible to end that the method attends the necessities of the enterprise, serving as a guide for effective improvement of the quality.

nÃo hà / Na tentativa de promover a regularizaÃÃo dos crÃditos e aumentar a arrecadaÃÃo, a administraÃÃo pÃblica frequentemente vem utilizando os programas de renegociaÃÃo das dÃvidas tributÃrias. A partir do ano de 2000 foram criados vÃrios programas de parcelamentos, associados a diversos benefÃcios financeiros, tais como: desconto nas multas aplicadas, reduÃÃo na taxa de juros acumulada, alÃm de taxas mais baixas para as parcelas vincendas, gerando um aumento na quantidade de parcelas para a quitaÃÃo da dÃvida. A falta de transparÃncia da dÃvida ativa e do montante da renÃncia fiscal inviabiliza a anÃlise da eficiÃncia, eficÃcia e efetividade na alocaÃÃo dos recursos. Este trabalho procura analisar a influÃncia do REFIS 2009 do Estado do Cearà na inadimplÃncia dos contribuintes da indÃstria de transformaÃÃo. Para esse fim, foi gerado um modelo economÃtrico que estima, atravÃs do mÃtodo de mÃnimos quadrados, a ocorrÃncia de âquebra estruturalâ na curva de crÃditos inscritos em dÃvida ativa dos contribuintes industriais cearenses que aderiram ao programa, no perÃodo anterior e posterior ao REFIS 2009. O resultado aponta a âquebra estruturalâ em maio de 2011 em dois dos quatro setores da indÃstria de transformaÃÃo analisados, ocorrendo o mesmo na anÃlise dos setores em conjunto. Entretanto, nÃo foi conclusivo a influÃncia do REFIS na âquebra estruturalâ. / In an attempt to promote the settlement of claims and increase revenue, the government often has been using the program for the renegotiation of tax debts. From the year 2000 several programs subdivisions were created, associated with several financial benefits, such as discount in fines imposed, reduction in accrued interest, and lower rates for future installments, generating an increase in the amount of installments payable debt. The fierce competition among states for business investment, better known as "Tax War" is another factor that justifies the granting of tax benefits, disregarding the economic logic and the law. The lack of transparency of outstanding debt and the amount of the tax waiver undermines the analysis of efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness in the allocation of resources. This paper analyzes the influence of Refis 2009 State of Cearà defaults by taxpayers in the manufacturing industry. To this end, an econometric model that estimates, by the method of least squares the occurrence of "structural break" in the credits entered curve outstanding debt of Cearà industrial taxpayers who joined the program in the period before and after 2009 was generated Refis . the result points to the "structural break" in May 2011 at two of the four sectors of the manufacturing industry analyzed, the same occurring in the analysis of the sectors together. However, no conclusive influence on Refis "structural break".

國有非公用地上權住宅可以解決高房價與土地投機的問題，惟目前的地租調整機制有阻礙地上權住宅發展的疑慮。定有期限的地上權，使用價值會隨著時間遞減，隨申報地價調整的地租則會隨著時間漸增，在地租超過使用價值的時候，會產生使用不經濟與使用者抗爭的現象，此將造成地上權住宅無法發揮預期的功能。 本文透過地租理論與地上權發展的文獻歸納，使用他人土地合作經營，是土地經濟中不可避免的模式，公平與明確的契約關係，可以促進經濟與效率。此外，依法律行為設定地上權的取得，與繼受他人既有地上權權利移轉的取得不同，設定地上權為權利的直接創設取得，而地租的性質也會依取得地上權的原因而有所不同。 國有非公用土地設定地上權作業要點，是管理機關常態釋出基地利用的法規依據，其係源於公有土地經營及處理原則第 3點，與住宅政策具有關聯性。作業要點發布以前管理機關缺乏辦理招標設定地上權的經驗，以過往管理出租的地租收取習慣，套用於設定地上權契約，是造成地租隨地價調整的原因。 以招標個案進行分析發現，分期給付的地租隨地價調整時，依目前公告地價的平均年增率，會使地上權人難以經營地上權住宅。使用者也難以負擔普通適宜住宅的地租，因為地租的漲幅是以地價的複利模式調整。 研究結果發現招標設定地上權分期給付的地租調整，以契約當時之地租附加適當利息為合理。研究建議：提高持有空地的負擔，是加速土地有效經濟使用的辦法；依土地使用計畫利用的公有非公用住宅基地，建議免徵地價稅，而間接地從土地利用的經濟活動，取得更多的所得稅基；國有非公用土地設定地上權利用的辦法，應提升至立法機關得以監督的法規命令，才能使依法利用的地上權人，得到應有的法律保護。 / The problems of high house price and speculations on land price could be solved by national non-public Superficies-Housing. However, the current mechanism of rental increasing is a hindrance for the developments of Superficies-Housing. The value of fixed-term Superficies-Housing decreases as time goes by, on the contrary the announced land value increases. When the rentals surpass its value, the Superficies-Housing is no longer economic for users and could further trigger off their to refusal to perform the contracts. As the result, the Superficies-Housing will fail to bring itself into full productive use. Supported by The Theory of Ground Rent and papers of superficies, I conclude that co-organization using other's land is inevitable in the land economy. Thus, only with fair and detailed rights and obligations can we assure the efficiency of the economy. There are different acquisition methods of superficies, the superficies creation by juridical acts or the transfer of established superficies. Furthermore, based on diversed juridical acts, the types of contracts should be different as well. The authority use the public land for non-public purpose creation of superficies operation guideline as the accordance to release the site; the guideline is orginated from the third point of the principle of public land management and process which is related to housing policy. Before the guideline is released, the authority lacks the experience of holding a public auction for superficies creation. Thus, they apply the custom of leasing management to the superficies creation contracts which is the cause of the rentals increases along with the announced land price. By analyzing the public auction, I discovered that the installment plans will make the operation situation arduous for superficiaries to run a Superficies-Housing and the suitable housing unaffordable for public users. The installment plans are currently increasing along with the announced land values, which, are raised according to the rate of compound interest. The research finds out that the reasonable rental increase of superficiencies creation should only be the initial rental with appropriate interest if necessary. The research advises, increasing the burden of the vacant owner is a manner to improve the land use efficiency. Additionally, the reduction of the land value tax on building sites which follow the land use plan can make the nation indirectly earn more tax basis through land use economic activities. At last, the public land for non-public purpose creation of superficies operation guideline should be lifted to the level of legal order; in the case, the rights of land users can be protected under the law.

Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена исследованию системы страхования вкладов. Предметом исследования выступает механизм функционирования системы страхования вкладов, со всеми его особенностями формирования, методиками и формулами расчета, а также механизм взаимодействия данной системы со смежными и взаимозависимыми областями, в частности самой банковской системой. Основной целью магистерской диссертации является разработка ключевых направлений и конкретных мероприятий по развитию системы страхования вкладов для обеспечения устойчивого функционирования российской банковской системы. В заключении обозначены рекомендации по совершенствованию методик формирования фонда Агентства страхования вкладов. / The final qualifying work (master's thesis) is devoted to the study of the deposit insurance system. The subject of the research is the mechanism of functioning of the deposit insurance system, with all its formation features, methods and calculation formulas, as well as the mechanism of interaction of this system with adjacent and interdependent areas, in particular, the banking system itself. The main purpose of the master's thesis is to develop key areas and specific measures for the development of a deposit insurance system to ensure the stable functioning of the Russian banking system. In the conclusion, the recommendations on the improvement of the methods of formation of the Deposit Insurance Agency fund are indicated.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Lynne Beyer Sagalyn. / Ph.D.

The main subject of diploma thesis is definition and description of different possibilities of financing the construction of family house, then processing and evaluation of variants offered by selected bank companies in the Czech Republic. In the theoretical part, there are basic knowledge about given issue, which are further applied in the practical part. The practical part deals with the comparison of various financing and selection of the most suitable ones according to selected criteria.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cassia Mazeti Rossi.pdf: 872414 bytes, checksum: 3f20d4429ac18850c7d910381d0294df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This present job has the aim of analyzing the repercussions and expressive significations in the life of three families that are introduced in the Straight Transference of Income Program: The Continued Installment Benefit: CIB. The main subject of analysis was to observe the feelings lived by the beneficiaries families after been included and receiving financial resource. With the realization of a qualitative study about the three chosen families for the research, it was able to recognize the aspects understood by them as important in the benefit concession. Their ways of understanding the use of such value, as well as the use of priorities and positives repercussions in the everyday life were also analyzed. According to the interwiers‟ expectations and perceptions, the subjectivity in this dissertation was extensively worked and analyzed. The subjects of this research were extended families that also realize the function of caring the family member which has the profile of the CIB beneficiary; so that it was elaborated in order to prioritize the speech of the interviewers. Concerning to the obtained results,it was relevant the achieved information regarding to the occurred modifications pos-receiving and which providences these families adopted, like, the priority in use and in the first instance, the satisfaction of the basic necessities, avoiding the lack of food in the everyday life. Two, among the three interviewed, noticed significant improvements in their lives in the material point of view, as well as in the subjectivity of family relations. Only, one of the interviewers, mentioned not having noticed significant modifications. Finally, this task showed its importance for having to research the life of three beneficiaries families from the CIB Program, which is introduced in the Social Assistance like Public Politics, proving being important to compose the Social Protection in the country. Even though the access isn‟t all over the world, the program brought in the studied cases, assurance of improvement in the life of these families / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as repercussões e significados expressivos na vida de três famílias que estão inseridas no Programa de Transferência Direta de Renda: Benefício de Prestação Continuada: BPC. O principal mote de análise foi observar as sensações vivenciadas pelas famílias dos beneficiários após inclusão e recebimento do recurso em espécie. Com a realização de um estudo qualitativo, em torno das três famílias escolhidas para a pesquisa, foi possível identificar os aspectos por elas entendidos como importantes na concessão do benefício, também foram analisados seus modos de entender e utilizar tal valor, prioridades no uso e as repercussões positivas por elas observadas no cotidiano. A subjetividade foi amplamente trabalhada e analisada nessa dissertação, segundo as expectativas e percepções dos entrevistados. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram familiares que também exercem a função de cuidador do membro da família que tem o perfil de beneficiário do BPC, sendo que a escuta se constitui de forma a privilegiar a fala dos entrevistados. No tocante aos resultados obtidos, foram relevantes os dados colhidos no que tange às mudanças ocorridas após o recebimento e quais providências essas famílias adotaram como prioridade no uso, estando em primeira instância a satisfação das necessidades básicas, de forma especial a segurança alimentar, no sentido de não faltar a comida no cotidiano. Duas, entre os três entrevistados, perceberam melhoras significativas em suas vidas, tanto do ponto de vista material, quanto no da subjetividade das relações familiares. Apenas, um dos entrevistados, referiu não ter percebido mudanças significativas. Enfim, o presente trabalho teve sua importância por pesquisar a vida de três famílias beneficiárias do Programa BPC, que estão inseridas na Assistência Social como Política Pública, se demonstrando importante para compor a Proteção Social no País. Ainda que o acesso não seja totalmente universalizado, o programa trouxe nos casos estudados, garantia da melhora da vida desses usuários

Submitted by Cristiane Chim (cristiane.chim@ucpel.edu.br) on 2018-06-06T12:15:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Clarissa Bittencourt Ribeiro.pdf: 1041329 bytes, checksum: 56e72616425b8fdf23bddd42a58c7014 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-06T12:15:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clarissa Bittencourt Ribeiro.pdf: 1041329 bytes, checksum: 56e72616425b8fdf23bddd42a58c7014 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-26 / The present study aims to problematize the aging population in contemporary times, especially in Brazil, from a critical view that comprehends the old age as a social problematic, once this manifests itself in different ways, where the insertion of the subjects is conditioned to the social context. Hence, the approaches related to aging and old age issues are linked to the scope of public policies, since they are perceived as expressions of the social questions, therefore, objects of social policies. It is worth noting that the research made a cut in the gender issue, understanding that, against a capitalist, class, patriarchal and conservative society, women are not included with an equal condition within the world of work, when in comparison to men, implying in an old age marked by vulnerabilities. In this sense, the explanations that follow bring notes referring to the socio-familiar transformations experienced in modern society linked to work as a fundamental category for the discussions in a critical perspective, supported in the critical-dialectical method, pointing out the representation of women in these contexts, as well as the implications of these transformations in the aging process. The feminization of old age is equally emphasized since this phenomenon has been identified in contemporary society. Against the above, social protection for the elderly is contemplated in this study, focusing on the Benefit of Continuous Installment (BPC), for that it materializes as a transfer of income that although inserted in the context of fragmented and precarious policies, has been contributing to addressing vulnerabilities experienced by older women. It is important to note that this dissertation is based on field research carried out in the Popular Restaurant of Pelotas, where elderly women beneficiaries of the BPC emanated their voices and their life stories. / O presente estudo objetiva problematizar o envelhecimento populacional na contemporaneidade, especialmente no Brasil, a partir de uma visão crítica que entende que a velhice se manifesta de diferentes modos, condicionada ao contexto social em que se inserem os sujeitos. Para tanto, as abordagens relativas às questões que perpassam o envelhecimento e a velhice vinculam-se ao âmbito das políticas públicas, uma vez que são percebidas enquanto expressões da questão social, logo, objetos de políticas sociais. Destaca-se que a pesquisa fez um recorte na questão de gênero, entendendo que, diante de uma sociedade capitalista, de classe, patriarcal e conservadora, as mulheres não estão inseridas em iguais condições no mundo do trabalho, quando comparadas aos homens, implicando em uma velhice marcada por vulnerabilidades. Nesse sentido, as explanações que seguem trazem apontamentos referentes às transformações sócio-familiares vivenciadas na sociedade moderna vinculadas ao trabalho enquanto categoria fundamental para as discussões numa perspectiva crítica, amparada no método crítico-dialético, apontando a representação da mulher nesses contextos, bem como as implicações dessas transformações no processo de envelhecimento. A feminização da velhice é igualmente enfatizada, uma vez que esse fenômeno vem sendo identificado na sociedade contemporânea. Diante do exposto, a proteção social destinada à pessoa idosa é contemplada nesse trabalho, com enfoque ao Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC), por esse se materializar enquanto transferência de renda que, apesar de inserido no âmbito de políticas fragmentadas e precárias, vem contribuindo para o enfrentamento das vulnerabilidades vivenciadas por mulheres idosas. Cabe a ressalva de que essa dissertação está pautada em uma pesquisa de campo realizada no Restaurante Popular de Pelotas, onde mulheres idosas beneficiárias do BPC emanaram suas vozes e suas histórias de vida.