Mankind has always been communicating, it is almost impossible to not communicate. The communication tree has grown a new branch, the environmental communication branch, and an ISO standard, the ISO 14 063 Environmental communication- guidelines and examples was issued October 2006. The purpose of this thesis is commissioned by the managing director of NQA Nordic AB in order to examine and analyse how organisations communicate environmental issues today, and how big the need for ISO 14 063 actually is, and further more if there are needs and wishes to make ISO 14 063 a certifiable standard. The main conclusion is that the there is a need for the standard, but it is difficult to say in which form since the knowledge about the standard is far to low among the organisations examined in this thesis. Clarity and transparency as ISO 14 063 promotes are important ingredients in organisations’ environmental work, so sure a standard for environmental communication can help improve environmental performance, for example through opening up for two-way communication and from that on take part of the stakeholders’ opinions. This study is based on a literature study and a questionnaire survey where 70 organisations (in this case authorities, corporations and non-governmental organisations) randomly chosen from the seven criteria, which ISO 14 001 defines as the environment: land, water, air, flora, fauna, natural resources and man and his collaboration with those. The chosen organisations all have a connection to the environment, directly or indirectly. The authorities are chosen from Sweden’s 16 environmental objectives. To get an extra perspective an interview was made. The results from the questionnaire survey show that there is a big dispersal among the questioned organisations. Some trends are distinguishable. When it comes to communication in common it is often the information manager who communicates, when it comes to environmental subjects it is as often the environmental manager who communicates. The fora which are used for environmental communication are traditional, for example brochures and homepages. Only 6 out of 29 respondents knew about ISO 14 063, compared to 23 out of 29 that knew about ISO 14 001. The results from the questionnaire have been analysed from three perspectives; in total, comparing the different types of organisations and the seven different environmental areas. Authorities have the highest respondent frequency and it seems like they have implemented the environmental best into their tasks. The natural resources organisations among with the water organisations are those best at communicating environmental issues, the humanitarian organisations is in last place. Drawing a conclusion from that, it is easier to take in environmental issues and work with environmental communication the closer to the issue you are. Only one questionnaire answer came from the fauna group, which makes the fauna group difficult to compare with. In general the larger organisations’ answers follow the ISO 14 063 better that the small and medium-sized ones, among many said no thank you to answering the questionnaire because they couldn’t see the connection to their own activity. So the thought about ISO 14 063 also suiting small and medium-sized organisations well does not work in reality Summing up it has been interesting study to do, even though it has been difficult due to the fact that there is little literature about environmental communication. 2008:Nr 4 Teknik / Människan har i alla tider kommunicerat, och det nästintill omöjligt att inte kommunicera. I detta examensarbete har undersökts hur organisationer kommunicerar miljö i dagsläget och hur stort behovet av miljökommunikationsstandarden ISO 14 063 är och om det finns behov och önskemål att göra den till en certifierbar standard. Slutsatsen är att standarden behövs, men i vilken form är det svårt att uttala sig om då kunskapen om standarden är alldeles för låg hos de undersökta organisationerna. En standard för miljökommunikation kan förbättra miljöprestanda, t.ex. genom att öppna för tvåvägskommunikation och då få del av intressenters åsikter. Studien är ett uppdrag från NQA Nordic AB och baseras på litteraturstudier samt en enkätundersökning där 70 organisationer (i detta fall myndigheter, företag och intresseorganisationer) slumpmässigt valts ut utifrån de sju områden ISO 14 001 definierar som miljö: mark, vatten, luft, flora, fauna, naturresurser samt människan och dess samspel med dessa. De utvalda organisationerna har alla en koppling till miljö, direkt eller indirekt. För att få in ytterligare ett perspektiv genomfördes även en intervju. Enkätresultaten visar att det finns stor spridning bland svaren som spridningen på de tillfrågade organisationerna. Endast 6 av 29 enkätrespondenter kände till ISO 14 063, medan 23 av 29 kände till ISO 14 001. Enkätsvaren har analyserats utifrån tre perspektiv; totalt, jämförande mellan de tre utvalda organisationstyperna samt mellan de sju miljöområdena. Slutsatsen där är att det är lättare att ta till sig miljöarbete och därmed jobba tydligare med miljökommunikation ju närmare miljöproblemen man är. Generellt följer de större organisationernas svar ISO 14 063 bättre än de små och medelstora organisationerna. Så tanken med att ISO 14 063 ska passa även dem fungerar inte i praktiken. Över huvudtaget har det varit en intressant studie att genomföra, även om det har svårt då miljökommunikationslitteraturutbudet varit begränsat.

<p>Mankind has always been communicating, it is almost impossible to not communicate. The communication tree has grown a new branch, the environmental communication branch, and an ISO standard, the ISO 14 063 Environmental communication- guidelines and examples was issued October 2006. The purpose of this thesis is commissioned by the managing director of NQA Nordic AB in order to examine and analyse how organisations communicate environmental issues today, and how big the need for ISO 14 063 actually is, and further more if there are needs and wishes to make ISO 14 063 a certifiable standard. The main conclusion is that the there is a need for the standard, but it is difficult to say in which form since the knowledge about the standard is far to low among the organisations examined in this thesis. Clarity and transparency as ISO 14 063 promotes are important ingredients in organisations’ environmental work, so sure a standard for environmental communication can help improve environmental performance, for example through opening up for two-way communication and from that on take part of the stakeholders’ opinions.</p><p>This study is based on a literature study and a questionnaire survey where 70 organisations (in this case authorities, corporations and non-governmental organisations) randomly chosen from the seven criteria, which ISO 14 001 defines as the environment: land, water, air, flora, fauna, natural resources and man and his collaboration with those. The chosen organisations all have a connection to the environment, directly or indirectly. The authorities are chosen from Sweden’s 16 environmental objectives. To get an extra perspective an interview was made. The results from the questionnaire survey show that there is a big dispersal among the questioned organisations. Some trends are distinguishable. When it comes to communication in common it is often the information manager who communicates, when it comes to environmental subjects it is as often the environmental manager who communicates. The fora which are used for environmental communication are traditional, for example brochures and homepages. Only 6 out of 29 respondents knew about ISO 14 063, compared to 23 out of 29 that knew about ISO 14 001. The results from the questionnaire have been analysed from three perspectives; in total, comparing the different types of organisations and the seven different environmental areas. Authorities have the highest respondent frequency and it seems like they have implemented the environmental best into their tasks. The natural resources organisations among with the water organisations are those best at communicating environmental issues, the humanitarian organisations is in last place. Drawing a conclusion from that, it is easier to take in environmental issues and work with environmental communication the closer to the issue you are. Only one questionnaire answer came from the fauna group, which makes the fauna group difficult to compare with. In general the larger organisations’ answers follow the ISO 14 063 better that the small and medium-sized ones, among many said no thank you to answering the questionnaire because they couldn’t see the connection to their own activity. So the thought about ISO 14 063 also suiting small and medium-sized organisations well does not work in reality Summing up it has been interesting study to do, even though it has been difficult due to the fact that there is little literature about environmental communication.</p><p>2008:Nr 4 Teknik</p><p> </p><p> </p> / <p>Människan har i alla tider kommunicerat, och det nästintill omöjligt att inte kommunicera. I detta examensarbete har undersökts hur organisationer kommunicerar miljö i dagsläget och hur stort behovet av miljökommunikationsstandarden ISO 14 063 är och om det finns behov och önskemål att göra den till en certifierbar standard. Slutsatsen är att standarden behövs, men i vilken form är det svårt att uttala sig om då kunskapen om standarden är alldeles för låg hos de undersökta organisationerna. En standard för miljökommunikation kan förbättra miljöprestanda, t.ex. genom att öppna för tvåvägskommunikation och då få del av intressenters åsikter. Studien är ett uppdrag från NQA Nordic AB och baseras på litteraturstudier samt en enkätundersökning där 70 organisationer (i detta fall myndigheter, företag och intresseorganisationer) slumpmässigt valts ut utifrån de sju områden ISO 14 001 definierar som miljö: mark, vatten, luft, flora, fauna, naturresurser samt människan och dess samspel med dessa. De utvalda organisationerna har alla en koppling till miljö, direkt eller indirekt. För att få in ytterligare ett perspektiv genomfördes även en intervju. Enkätresultaten visar att det finns stor spridning bland svaren som spridningen på de tillfrågade organisationerna. Endast 6 av 29 enkätrespondenter kände till ISO 14 063, medan 23 av 29 kände till ISO 14 001. Enkätsvaren har analyserats utifrån tre perspektiv; totalt, jämförande mellan de tre utvalda organisationstyperna samt mellan de sju miljöområdena. Slutsatsen där är att det är lättare att ta till sig miljöarbete och därmed jobba tydligare med miljökommunikation ju närmare miljöproblemen man är. Generellt följer de större organisationernas svar ISO 14 063 bättre än de små och medelstora organisationerna. Så tanken med att ISO 14 063 ska passa även dem fungerar inte i praktiken. Över huvudtaget har det varit en intressant studie att genomföra, även om det har svårt då miljökommunikationslitteraturutbudet varit begränsat.</p><p> </p><p> </p>

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:21:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Evanuzia Luzia de Oliveira.pdf: 1458536 bytes, checksum: 4c14bece85bcc15962d73b14996092a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-04-30 / This work introduces a research conducted in a large hospitality/tourism organization situated in an interior city of the State of Goias. The study main goal was to collect data on the employees perception towards the environmental management within the company they worked for. As specific goal, this research intended to collect data on the motives, goals, functioning and management of environmental programs, emphasizing the ISO 14 000 certification. It is a case study with an exploratory character using a documental analysis and a semi-structured interview as research instruments and the Silvia Lane´s speech analysis technique. Sixteen employees were individually interviewed, being three of them coordinators of the environmental management program and thirteen working on different sectors of the company. Among the authors who provided the theoretical basis to this work are Maimon and Donaire with focus on the NR 14 000. Through a graphic analysis of this study participants speech, it is possible to note a manipulation of the environmental management program during its implementation. The results of this investigation suggested that in the employees perception, the environmental management program within this organization did not generate changes within the workplace environment. They have affirmed their lack of knowledge of its practice and main concepts. It was also possible to analyze the need for actions to reach out and touch the employees, for even the higher administration members had showed no knowledge of the environmental management actions developed within this company. The initiative to adopt an environmental management program results from commercial interests. / Este trabalho apresenta uma que pesquisa foi realizada em uma organização do segmento de hotelaria e turismo de grande porte, localizada no interior do Estado de Goiás. O objetivo geral do estudo foi levantar dados a respeito da percepção dos trabalhadores sobre a gestão ambiental na organização onde trabalham. Teve por objetivo específico, levantar dados sobre motivos, objetivos, funcionamento e gerenciamento de programas de gestão ambiental, enfocando a certificação ISO 14 000. Trata-se de um estudo de caso de caráter exploratório, cujos instrumentos de coleta de dados foram a análise documental e a entrevista semiestruturada, tendo como técnica a análise do discurso de Silvia Lane. As entrevistas foram realizadas individualmente com 16 trabalhadores, três deles coordenadores do programa de gestão ambiental e treze trabalhadores que atuavam em diversos setores da organização. Entre os autores que embasaram teoricamente este trabalho, estão Maimon e Donaire com foco central nas NR 14 000. Por meio da análise gráfica do discurso dos participantes deste estudo percebe-se manipulação do programa de gestão ambiental durante sua implantação, tal atitude ocorre em conseqüência de interesses comerciais da organização. Os resultados obtidos nesta investigação sugerem que, conforme na percepção dos trabalhadores, o programa de gestão ambiental nesta organização, não gerou mudanças no ambiente de trabalho. Os trabalhadores relataram que desconhecem seu funcionamento e os principais conceitos. Foi igualmente possível analisar a necessidade de realização de ações para conscientização e sensibilização do público interno em geral, visto que nem mesmo os membros da cúpula demonstraram conhecimento das ações de gestão ambiental desenvolvidas nesta organização. A iniciativa de adotar um programa de gestão ambiental decorre de interesses comerciais.

The diploma thesis is focused on business environmental management, describing usage of environmental tools in organization. The analytical part is linked with theoretical one. The organization is judged as an individual, according to its environmental impacts. The conclusion of the diploma thesis is to evaluate environmental policy of the organization and proposal of solutions to improve its environmental status.

Jordens klimat varierar normalt över tid, men aldrig tidigare har klimatförändringarna varit så snabba och påtagliga. Stigande temperaturer, förhöjda havsnivåer och hotade ekosystem är till stor del en följd av människans miljöpåverkan som genom sitt utnyttjande av resurser och utsläpp bidrar till den utökade växthuseffekten. Alla berörs och samtliga måste ta sitt ansvar för att förhindra att detta fortskrider. Genom att förstå miljökonsekvenserna av sitt agerande kan bättre förutsättningar skapas för kommande generationer. Studier visar att byggbranschen står för nästan en tredjedel av de totala utsläppen av växthusgaser, men att det fortfarande finns kunskapsluckor kring var miljöpåverkan är som störst. Genom klimatavtal, branschöverskridande forum och verktyg i form av livscykelanalyser och miljövarudeklarationer kan kunskapen lyftas. Ett flertal lättillgängliga verktyg med generiska data har utvecklats för livscykelanalyser av byggnader, men för anläggningssektorn finns ännu inte helt anpassade verktyg. I nuläget väljs grundläggningsmetod mestadels utifrån den ekonomiska aspekten, vilket bidrar till att miljöaspekten inte får önskvärt utrymme. Denna studie är en fallstudie som söker svar på vilken grundläggningsmetod som lämpar sig bäst ur ett hållbart och ekonomiskt perspektiv i en specifik jordprofil av lera som är vanligt förekommande kring Uppsala. För att lyfta kunskapen kring miljöpåverkan, jämfördes fyra vanliga grundläggnings-metoder: inblandningspelare med Multicem och lättfyllnadsmetoderna; lättklinker, skumglas och cellplast. Utifrån sättningsberäkningar i jordprofilen kunde dimensioneringar utföras av materialåtgång för respektive metod. Dimensioneringen användes sedan för att utföra kostnadsuppskattningar och beräkningar av klimatpåverkan, i form av koldioxidekvivalenter, under produktframställning och transporter till den specifika platsen. Utöver detta undersöktes bedömningen av det kemiska innehållet genom två miljödatabaser, BASTA och SundaHus. Resultatet visade att skumglas har den lägsta totala klimatpåverkan, där ungefär hälften av koldioxid¬utsläppen kommer från produktionen och resterande del från transporter. Det tyder på att det geografiska läget för grundläggningen spelar en väsentlig roll för resultatet av klimatpåverkan. Skumglas erhåller bästa betyg i BASTA och SundaHus men har den högsta totalkostnaden av de jämförda alternativen i studien. Inblandningspelare med Multicem som bindemedel har den lägsta totalkostnaden och den näst lägsta klimatpåverkan. Genom intervjustudien konstaterades att val av grundläggningsmetod främst avgörs av kostnaden vilket innebär att Multicem förmodligen skulle väljas i första hand. Utifrån kemiskt innehåll är bedömningen däremot ofullständig, eftersom Multicem ännu inte finns deklarerad i SundaHus. Sammanfattningsvis beror valet av grundläggningsmetod på ett flertal faktorer där företag måste värdera vilken faktor som har högst prioritet. / The climate normally varies over time but never before has the climate change been so rapid and tangible. Rising temperatures, elevated sea levels and endangered ecosystems are consequences of human impact on the environment. The use of resources and emissions contributes to the increased impact on the greenhouse effect. Everyone is affected by the climate change and must take his or her responsibility to create better conditions for future generations by understanding the environmental consequences of his or her actions. Studies reveal that the construction industry accounts for almost one third of the total greenhouse gas emissions but there are still gaps in knowledge about the environ¬mental impact. The knowledge can increase through agreements on climate actions, industry-wide forums and tools such as life-cycle assessments and environmental product declarations. Several available tools with generic data have been developed for life-cycle assessments of buildings, but for the infrastructure sector the tools are still not fully developed. Today, the foundation method is mostly chosen based on the economical aspect, and the environmental aspect is not given priority. The aim of this case study is to investigate which foundation method is best suited from an environ-mentally sustainable and economical perspective in a specific soil profile of clay which is common around Uppsala. To raise awareness of environmental impact, four common foundation methods were compared: deep soil mixing with Multicem and light filling methods; expanded clay lightweight aggregate, foam glass and expanded polystyrene foam. Based on settlement calculations in the soil profile, dimensions could be made for consumption of material for each method. The consumption of material was used to make estimations of costs and calculations of climate effect, in terms of carbon dioxide equivalents, during production of the material and transport to the specific location. In addition, the assessment of the chemical content was examined through two environmental databases, BASTA and SundaHus. The result revealed that foam glass has the lowest total climate effect, where about half of the carbon dioxide emissions come from production and the remainder from transport. This indicates that the geographical location of the foundation is important for the result of the climate impact. Foam glass receives the best ratings in BASTA and SundaHus but has the highest total cost of the compared alternatives in the study. Deep soil mixing with Multicem as binder has the lowest total cost and the second lowest climate impact. Through the interview study, it was found that the choice of foundation method is mainly determined by the cost, which means that Multicem would probably be prefered. Based on chemical content the assessment is incomplete since Multicem has not been declared in SundaHus. In summary, the choice of foundation method depends on a number of factors in which companies must evaluate which factor has the highest priority.