Tidskrifter som vänder sig till unga tjejer och kvinnor är många och diskussioner om deras påverkan tycks ständigt vara aktuell. Skönhetsideal och vilken betydelse medierna spelar i sammanhanget väcker både intresse och känslor. Denna uppsats har utifrån gestaltningsteorin studerat hur de tre största tjejtidningarna i Sverige FRIDA, SOLO och Veckorevyn använt sig av sina omslag och textpuffar för att locka till sig sina läsare. Uppsatsen bygger på en kvantitativ innehållsanalys av tidningarnas textpuffar och omslag, där fem årtal mellan 2000 och 2010 har undersökts. Detta för att försöka se en utveckling hos tidningarna. Undersökningen har visat att den typiska omslagspersonen är en känd tjej/ kvinna som är blond eller icke-blond. Hon är oftast påklädd, poserar, ler och tittar in i kameran. Undersökningen har också visat att mode och kändisar är de vanligaste kategorierna på textpuffar som förekommer på omslagen. Vidare visar undersökningen också att den kategori som utvecklats mest under de undersökta åren är textpuffar om kroppen.

In the event of a hypothetical nuclear reactor accident, the combination of plant design, operator training, and safety procedures result in low level risks to the general public; however, an additional offsite consequence mitigation system has the poten- tial to substantially decrease the amount of radioactive material that could reach a population zone in a postulated accident scenario. An experimental and numerical investigation of airborne particulate scavenging by water sprays was conducted as part of a consequence mitigation study. Previous researchers have experimentally studied the removal of aerosols by sprays, but only in a confined region. The ex- periment conducted in this research used an expansive region where sprays could significantly affect the flow fields in the spray region. Experimentation showed an expected trend of higher particle collection efficien- cies with increased residency time within the spray region, with the highest average overall collection efficiency found to be 70.6+/-3.2% at an air flow rate of 0.53 m/s and a water flow rate of 0.84 gpm. This general trend is expected because a longer resi- dency time leads to an increased probability of particle-drop interaction. Collection efficiencies were also found to increase with increased particle number density. The numerical investigation was done using a deterministic method and a Monte Carlo method. Each model shows promise based on theoretical limitations of drop size for the experimental conditions. The theory demonstrates that particle-drop relative velocity as well as the sizes significantly affect collection efficiency. An alternative study was conducted to determine the collection efficiency of non-wettable particles since the dust used in the experiment is hydrophobic. Computational Fluid Dynam- ics (CFD) models were also performed to determine the flow fields that developed within the experiment spray region and substantiate differences in the experimental and numerical models.

Magíster en Tecnologías de la Información / Las empresas de software definen sus procesos de gestión y desarrollo con el fin de sistematizar y hacer repetible su forma de trabajo, de modo de aumentar la eficiencia y eficacia en la construcción de sus productos. Dado lo cambiante de la industria del software, las empresas no pueden mantener estáticos sus procesos, sino que deben hacerlos evolucionar al mismo ritmo que cambian ellas. Esta tesis se enmarca en una empresa chilena proveedora de tecnología para servicios transaccionales para la banca y el retail. Esta compañía ha apostado por la mejora de sus procesos, sin embargo, la inmadurez que tienen sus áreas operativas en adoptar los cambios, y la falta de experiencia que tienen las áreas encargadas de liderarlos, han provocado que uno de los principales problemas de la compañía sea la imposibilidad de aprender de experiencias de cambio anteriores y de generar mejoras que sean homogéneas, estructuradas y repetibles. El objetivo de esta tesis es lograr una sistematización de las experiencias de cambio. Para lograr este objetivo se especificará un proceso de mejora que defina de forma explícita cómo los cambios deben ser ejecutados. Este proceso será validado abordando la mejora de una parte del proceso de desarrollo que la compañía entiende como relevante cambiar. Esta tesis le proveerá a la organización una herramienta que permitirá aumentar su capacidad en la mejora de procesos, permitiéndole construir productos de mejor calidad y haciéndola más competitiva en el mercado.

O principal objetivo do presente projeto é verificar a interação entre a estrutura da fundação de uma máquina - um ventilador industrial - com a fonte de excitação, no caso seu próprio motor, com o intuito de identificar possível ocorrência do chamado \"fenômeno do salto\", também conhecido como Efeito Sommerfeld. Tal fenômeno é decorrente do acoplamento dinâmico entre a fonte excitadora e a estrutura durante a passagem pelos diferentes estados de ressonância, à medida que o motor é acelerado, até chegar ao regime permanente, sendo possível observar-se o mesmo fenômeno também no momento da desaceleração. Conceitua-se, neste trabalho, o modelo fonte não-ideal de energia como aquele que decorre da efetiva interação do motor da máquina com a estrutura, diferentemente do modelo de fonte ideal, aqui compreendida como sendo isenta de qualquer tipo de interação com a estrutura. Em razão do modelo adotado, a estrutura em estudo apresenta poucos graus de liberdade, definem-se as equações do movimento, tanto para o sistema ideal, como para o não-ideal, por meio da formulação de Lagrange, e obtêm-se as soluções numéricas. Conclui-se que se as Normas usuais de projeto de fundações de máquinas são empregadas em casos reais da engenharia, os fenômenos não-ideais procurados não são observados. / The main objective of the present project is to verify the interaction between the foundation structure of a machine - an industrial fan - with the excitation source, its own motor, in this case to identify possible occurrence of the so called \"jump phenomenon\", also known as Sommerfeld Effect. Such phenomenon is derived from the dynamic coupling between the excitation source and the structure during the passage through the different resonance states as the motor is accelerated until it arrives to its steady-state. It is possible to observe the same phenomenon at the moment of the deceleration. It is considered, in this work, the non-ideal source of energy model as the one that derives from the effective interaction between the motor of the machine with the structure, differently of the ideal source model, herein understood as exempted of any kind of interaction with the structure. As a consequence of the adopted model of the structure under analysis presenting few degrees of freedom, the equations of motion are defined, both for ideal and for nonideal systems, through the formulation of Lagrange, and their numerical solutions are obtained. It is concluded that if usual design Codes for machine foundations are applied to real engineering cases, the searched for phenomena are not observed.

What follows is a relatively concise attempt at ordering a series of abstracted and formalized vernacular elements within a cohesive whole. A lodge and series of cabins located in Pulaski, Virginia are used as a vehicle for pursuing this exploration. / Master of Architecture

Yes / Wavelets are alternative building kernels of the multicarrier systems, such as the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). The wavelets can be designed by changing the parent basis functions or constructing new filters. Some two new wavelets are considered for multicarrier design; one is designed using raised-cosine functions while the other was constructed using ideal filters. The spectrums of raised cosine wavelet filters are controlled by a roll-off factor which leads to many distorting sidelobes. The second family of wavelet, which the raised-cosine wavelet is compared to, have no distorting sidelobes. It will be shown that raised-cosine wavelets are less suitable for multicarrier design in multicarrier environment, in terms of BER when compared to the wavelet constructed from the ideal filter.

This thesis studies general architectural conditions in pursuit of the ideal through specific acts of drawn geometric constructs. It attempts to clear away superimposed doxa from architecture, making space for a demonstration of epistemic constructs. These projections of the ideal carry with them the basic autonomy of form. The demonstrations are a search for what is true in architecture. The purest form of architecture can be found in drawing; drawing is bound to the fundamental axioms of geometric construction. The explorations are situated in the space between the ideal and the natural. Several kinds of parallel projections are developed into a set of rationally constructed demonstrations culminating in the posting of an ideal city. Through the practice of drawing, five propositions emerge. Drawing in a kinetic dimension. Drawing as a reconciliatory act between potentiality and actuality. Drawing in question of perception. Drawing as a precursor to model making and photography. / Master of Architecture / This thesis, through a series of parallel projection demonstrations, is in search of the ideal and the city itself. In doing so, it engages several axonometric projection techniques. Furthermore, this thesis is organized in five categories: drawing construction, tone, exploration of formal relationships, modelmaking, and photography.

In this dissertation class groups of imaginary bicyclic biquadratic fields are considered. In chapter 1 we develop a method for determining the structure of the 2-class group of K. In chapters 3, 4, and 5 this method is applied to determine all imaginary bicyclic biquadratic extensions of Q with class number 4, 8, and 16, as well as to determine the specific structure of each. / Ph. D.

The first few chapters of the dissertation will catalogue what is known regarding z-ideals in commutative rings with identity. Some special attention will be paid to z-ideals in function rings to show how the presence of the topological description simplifies z-covers of arbitrary ideals. Conditions in an f-ring that ensure that the sum of z-ideals is a z-ideal will be given. In the latter part of the dissertation I will generalise a result in higher order z-ideals and introduce a notion of higher order d-ideals / Mathematical Sciences / M. Sc. (Mathematics)

This thesis studies political elites’ beliefs about the ideal party leader. This ideal, like other human ideals, is characterized by ambivalence. The thesis explores the ambivalence expressed in party elites’ leadership ideal and how it can be understood. The study draws primarily on qualitative interviews with members of the party elites in the Social Democratic Party and the Liberal Party in Sweden. Specifically, it analyzes the “life world” of the party leaders, party secretaries, group leaders in the Swedish Parliament, and election committee chairmen. Building on classical and modern research on leadership and political parties, the thesis derives an analytical tool to guide the interviews which covers six aspects of party leadership: Characteristics, Leadership style, Tasks, Freedom of action, Representation, and Status. The empirical analysis shows that the elites’ party leadership ideal is ambivalent and different across the two parties. The ambiguities can be summarized as dichotomies, where the ideal leader should encompass both sides of the dichotomy. The Social Democratic Party elites’ ideal is represented by two dichotomies: the leader versus the team and the party versus the government. To bridge the ambiguities, the elite resort to the idea of “anchoring”. This notion resolves conflicts between the leader and the surrounding team and the party and the government. The ideal of the Liberal Party’s elites includes four dichotomies: dogmatism versus pragmatism; idea versus person; appearance (outward-looking) versus action (inward-looking); and free versus constrained. Unlike the case of the Social Democratic Party, it is less evident how the Liberal Party’s elites accommodate the ambiguities. However, an emphasis on accountability and maintaining a balance between existing conflicts, partially remedies the dilemma. Also, the idea of leadership within the Liberal Party is less problematic compared to the Social Democratic Party. In sum, while the Social Democrats’ ideal resembles the “friendly father figure”, the Liberals’ ideal is portrayed by the “superficial intellectual”. The findings also indicate that the way in which the parties were established, their experience of being in government, size, ideology, and position within the party system affect their beliefs about leadership ideals.