Abstract Title: Implementing CSR in Supply Chains Authors: Emmy Johansson and Stina Olén; Supervisor: Glenn Sjöstrand Date of submission: May 30, 2009   For decades there has been a debate about the environmental and social responsibilities of companies. The work conducted by corporations to meet the increasing demands from wider society to take responsibility is all summed up in the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Pressured to take responsibility also in the supply chains of their businesses, the corporations have increasingly integrated suppliers in their CSR strategies.   In this thesis the obstacles and possibilities with implementing CSR in supply chains are assessed, through a case study. The thesis is written on commission by a large Swedish industrial company that is working with implementing its CSR strategy in its supplier evaluations, and through using a theoretical framework based on institutional theory and CSR theory that implementing process is studied. Having understood that the process is affected by the norms, values et cetera that are inherent in the company, the aims of this thesis have been to understand and explain how the institutional embeddedness affects the implementation of the company’s CSR strategy in its supplier evaluations.   The thesis applies qualitative research methods with emphasis on primary sources. The main empirical data was gathered through ten interviews with employees at different levels in the company, but corporate documents with relevance for the implementation were also studied.   The results of this study indicate that the institutional embeddedness affects the implementation of the CSR strategy in supplier evaluations both positively and negatively. Firstly, it makes the reactive approach of the company, the unclear objectives and guidelines, the lack of commitment from the managers, and the lack of cooperation appear problematic for the implementation. Secondly, we conclude that the institutional embeddedness creates opportunities for an improved implementing process, as there are elements in the institutional identity that correspond with the strategy, but also that there are individual actors with much institutional resources that have potential to change the institution and create commitment towards the implementation.     Keywords: corporate social responsibility, supplier evaluations, implementing strategy, institutional theory, institutional embeddedness

<p>This bachelor thesis sets its goals in explaining the e-business idea formation. This paper inflicts different aspects of a e-business formation with the purpose of explaining the importance of analysis and reasoning, simulation and execution and careful approaches toward the goal. This thesis explores some of the principal issues surrounding the formation of an e-business. The main objective is to research small and middle sized enterprises preparations in the are mentioned above for success factors, renewing. This paper suggests to businesses that have the goal of entering the market to evaluate their different options when forming their strategies, as I see it the e-business should be the means to an end and not the end it self.</p>

<h1>Abstract</h1><p><strong>Title:</strong> Implementing CSR in Supply Chains</p><p><strong>Authors:</strong> Emmy Johansson and Stina Olén; <strong>Supervisor:</strong> Glenn Sjöstrand</p><p><strong>Date of submission:</strong> May 30, 2009</p><p> </p><p>For decades there has been a debate about the environmental and social responsibilities of companies. The work conducted by corporations to meet the increasing demands from wider society to take responsibility is all summed up in the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Pressured to take responsibility also in the supply chains of their businesses, the corporations have increasingly integrated suppliers in their CSR strategies.</p><p> </p><p>In this thesis the obstacles and possibilities with implementing CSR in supply chains are assessed, through a case study. The thesis is written on commission by a large Swedish industrial company that is working with implementing its CSR strategy in its supplier evaluations, and through using a theoretical framework based on institutional theory and CSR theory that implementing process is studied. Having understood that the process is affected by the norms, values et cetera that are inherent in the company, the aims of this thesis have been to understand and explain how the institutional embeddedness affects the implementation of the company’s CSR strategy in its supplier evaluations.</p><p> </p><p>The thesis applies qualitative research methods with emphasis on primary sources. The main empirical data was gathered through ten interviews with employees at different levels in the company, but corporate documents with relevance for the implementation were also studied.</p><p> </p><p>The results of this study indicate that the institutional embeddedness affects the implementation of the CSR strategy in supplier evaluations both positively and negatively. Firstly, it makes the reactive approach of the company, the unclear objectives and guidelines, the lack of commitment from the managers, and the lack of cooperation appear problematic for the implementation. Secondly, we conclude that the institutional embeddedness creates opportunities for an improved implementing process, as there are elements in the institutional identity that correspond with the strategy, but also that there are individual actors with much institutional resources that have potential to change the institution and create commitment towards the implementation.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> corporate social responsibility, supplier evaluations, implementing strategy, institutional theory, institutional embeddedness</p>

This bachelor thesis sets its goals in explaining the e-business idea formation. This paper inflicts different aspects of a e-business formation with the purpose of explaining the importance of analysis and reasoning, simulation and execution and careful approaches toward the goal. This thesis explores some of the principal issues surrounding the formation of an e-business. The main objective is to research small and middle sized enterprises preparations in the are mentioned above for success factors, renewing. This paper suggests to businesses that have the goal of entering the market to evaluate their different options when forming their strategies, as I see it the e-business should be the means to an end and not the end it self.

This master`s thesis deals with the project of prison block. It confers about slab-on-ground four-floor object, which is projected from ceramic blocks Porotherm. The roof is flat single-layered. The capacity of this prison block is 192 prisoners. The main entrance is oriented to the south and service entrance to the north. Prison cells are oriented to the east and to the west. The work contains drawings and technical descriptions and it is composed as an implementing project.

Globally, the importance of teaching mathematics to young children has rapidly increased. The concepts of space and shape are one of the mathematical content areas of mathematics that young children should explore, and Grade R teachers ought to understand and implement. Numerous theorists, researchers and authors have provided valuable insights and research on why Grade R teachers should be effectively teaching the mathematical content of knowledge of space and shape in their classrooms. In South Africa, several influences and contributing factors make it a challenge for Grade R teachers to implement the mathematical content knowledge of space and shape. This study sought to gain an insight in how Grade R teachers understand and implement the mathematical content knowledge of space and shape. The conceptual framework was developed from existing theories and research literature. A constructivist approach was followed. The framework comprised six levels to explain how Grade R teachers’ mathematical and pedagogical knowledge develops. The framework assisted in formulating questions and methods for the data collection process. The collected data was organised, transcribed and analysed. The study employed a qualitative case study design to generate data from five Grade R teachers’ experiences, views, ideas, opinions and perceptions on teaching the mathematical concepts of space and shape. Data were collected from the five teachers through participant observations, semi-structured interviews, documents and keeping a journal. The data analyses and findings support the themes and subthemes to answer the research questions. The findings from the research revealed that teachers should implement various innovative teaching approaches to facilitate active participation, so that the children could make their own meaning and understanding of the mathematical content of space and shape. Age-appropriate content and materials that scaffolds on children’s prior knowledge were found to be important strategies for effective teaching and learning. Teachers and their schools have a responsibility to establish positive learning environments as well as positive learning experiences for the children. The teachers in the study raised their concerns about the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statements as they felt that they lacked creativity and guidance. Various factors with a negative impact on teaching and learning were identified and recommendations were made for improvement. The study concludes that Grade R teachers would benefit from gaining an in-depth understanding of the effective implementation of the mathematical content knowledge of space and shape. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2018. / Early Childhood Education / MEd / Unrestricted

The general concert towards environmental sustainability has grown over the last few years. Pressure on firms from lawmakers request conformity with new regulations to ensure environmentally sustainable business operations. This study researches the implementation process of environmental sustainability regulations and the influencing factors in the automotive industry with two exploratory case studies on firms in Germany and Croatia. This research reveals the influencing power firms’ have on the policymakers in their regulations design leading to information inequality among competitors. Also, firms’ different management involvement and structure of the implementation process does not indicate the firms’ sustainability strategy. Environmental sustainability strategy can lead to long term benefits, however requires short-term investments, whereas the industry and competition pressurizes the firms on costs, leading to firms facing a choice between short term competitiveness and environmental sustainability. In order to conform with regulations, firms implement change through modifications and adaptation of products through new technologies.

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) är en allt mer framväxande teknologi och används i organisationer för att automatisera och effektivisera manuella affärsprocesser. Det finns en rad fördelar med att använda denna teknik. Implementeringen av RPA kan dock kopplas till blandade reaktioner hos anställda och det är inte ovanligt att en del anställda motsätter sig tekniken på grund av rädsla och okunskap för automatiseringens påverkan. Denna fallstudie syftar att undersöka hur implementeringen av RPA påverkar organisatoriska aspekter som arbetssätt, roller och ansvar samt att undersöka om det finns skillnader i hantering och upplevelse kring detta i konsult-, privat- och offentlig verksamhet. För att undersöka ovan nämnda områden skedde datainsamlingen genom semistrukturerade intervjuer hosorganisationer som implementerat RPA samt genom litteraturundersökning. Resultatet visar att det finns en hel del likheter i hur RPA påverkar arbetet i organisationer, men skillnaderna ligger i hur arbetet med RPA bedrivs. / Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is an increasingly emerging technology and is used in organizations to automate and streamline manual business processes. There are a number of advantages to using this technology. However, the implementation of RPA can be linked to mixed reactions among employees and it is not unusual for some employees to oppose the technology due to fear and ignorance of the influence of automation. This case study aims to investigate how the implementation of RPA affects organizational aspects such as working methods, roles and responsibilities, and examine whether there are differences in management and experience regarding this in consulting, private and public activities.In order to investigate the above-mentioned areas, the data collection was conducted through semistructured interviews with organizations that implemented RPA and through literature research. The result shows that there are a lot of similarities in how RPA affects the work in organizations, but the differences lie in how the work with RPA is conducted.

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It is stated that Sweden is the leading country for the European Union when it comes to recycling and sorting. However, tonnes of waste are still being deposited to be incinerated instead of being reused or recycled. There are two reasons that are mentioned in this thesis. The first one is because of the large percentage of the municipal waste is sorted as non-recyclable thus, the solution to get rid of the waste existence is through incineration. Secondly, demolition of buildings is a large source to the amount of waste that is incinerated. Architects have even criticised the act of demolishing buildings when they have a huge potential to be used and solve increasing demands of residential buildings in Sweden. Even construction companies have tried to focus on solutions in which they recycle remains from demolished constructions into new materials for future projects. Still, there are still a demand of mining resources instead of using resources that are already used, which on its own has an impact on our already fragile environment. If we observe how architects, designers, construction engineers outside of Sweden tackles these problems. The conclusion is that they use more out of the box solutions by using waste that is not only caused by the construction industry alone, but also caused by the individuals who live in the country. While Sweden mainly focuses on preventing mining of resources used for construction work by recycled remains from other constructions. The rest of the world does not only implement this type of waste, but also all sorts of waste. Still, at the end, Sweden is stated to be one of the greatest countries when it comes to sorting waste. The law of banning non-certified disposable products made of plastic was finalised in the beginning of this year. It was recommended to not purchase or use products of this type if they were manufactured before the law came into action. Though what will happen with these products if they cannot be used, and people want to get rid of them? This thesis will answer these questions by combining the world of recycling with the world of architecture. This thesis is an experimental research based on the three methods of recycling waste into building material. The experimental research will visualise how disposable waste made of plastics can be implemented by using these methods, while also following the requirements of a sustainable construction material and product made in Sweden.