Submitted by André Gustavo de Brito Thomaz null (andre.gustavo21@terra.com.br) on 2017-09-26T19:56:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_ANDRÉ_GUSTAVO_DE_BRITO_TOMAZ.pdf: 3364862 bytes, checksum: a4a2f4fc8b45e8bd1160e118cd54bcb7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-28T13:23:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 thomaz_agb_me_jabo.pdf: 3364862 bytes, checksum: a4a2f4fc8b45e8bd1160e118cd54bcb7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-28T13:23:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 thomaz_agb_me_jabo.pdf: 3364862 bytes, checksum: a4a2f4fc8b45e8bd1160e118cd54bcb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-06 / O objetivo desta pesquisa é apresentar um estudo multicasos sobre avaliação de desempenho ambiental baseada no potencial de toxicidade humana em três empresas (denominadas por empresa A, B e C) da indústria sucroenergética brasileira. Foi desenvolvido um índice, exclusivo para indústrias do setor sucroenergético, chamado indicador do potencial de toxicidade humana Ipth, onde os cálculos para obtenção do índice são formados por meio da ponderação do potencial de impacto de cada resíduo e subproduto gerado na fabricação de etanol e açúcar, pela cobertura geográfica relativa que podem alcançar e pela avaliação da destinação final realizada pela indústria. Identificou-se que na literatura especializada há poucos trabalhos relacionados à avalição do desempenho ambiental com base no potencial de toxicidade humana de indústrias do setor sucroenergético, bem como metodologias para avaliação do desempenho ambiental destas indústrias com o uso de indicadores de desempenho ambiental. O método desenvolvido pode ser aplicado para medir o impacto ambiental gerado por qualquer indústria do setor sucroenergético. Como resultados, os resíduos/subprodutos que apresentam maior potencial de toxicidade humana são: vinhaça (35,57%), torta de filtro (29,15%), cinzas da queima do bagaço (27,38%), gases provenientes da queima do bagaço (4,73%), representando 96,83% do total. A vinhaça é o subproduto com maior participação relativa na formação do índice Ipth, sendo para a empresa A de 89,73%, para a empresa B de 89,55% e para a empresa C de 89,24%. Apesar da grande quantidade de resíduos e subprodutos gerados, o resultado alcançado é favorável às empresas estudadas. O índice Ipth resultou em 93,97% para a empresa A, em 93,62% para a empresa B e em 93,37% para a empresa C, demonstrando que as empresas A, B e C apresentam, respectivamente, 93,97%, 93,62% e 93,37% de práticas ambientalmente adequadas à destinação dos seus resíduos e subprodutos. / The objective of this research is to present a multi-case study on the evaluation of environmental performance based on human toxicity potential in three companies (denominated by company A, B and C) of the Brazilian sugarcane industry. Was developed an index, exclusively for industries of the sugarcane industry, called the human toxicity potential indicator Ipth, where the calculations for obtaining the index are formed by weighing the impact potential of each residue and by-product generated in the manufacture of ethanol and sugar, by the relative geographic coverage they can achieve And by the evaluation of the final disposal by the industry. It was identified that in the specialized literature there are few studies related to the environmental performance assessment based on the human toxicity potential of sugarcane industry industries, as well as methodologies to evaluate the environmental performance of these industries with the use of environmental performance indicators. The method developed can be applied to measure the environmental impact generated by any industry in the sugarcane sector. As results, the residues / by-products with the highest human toxicity potential are: vinasse (35.57%), filter cake (29.15%), bagasse burning ashes (27.38%), gases from burning Of the bagasse (4.73%), representing 96.83% of the total. Vinasse is the by-product with the highest relative participation in the formation of the Ipth index, with company A of 89.73%, company B of 89.55% and company C of 89.24%. Despite the large amount of waste and by-products generated, the result achieved is favorable to the companies studied. The Ipth index resulted in 93.97% for company A, 93.62% for company B and 93.37% for company C, showing that companies A, B and C have, respectively, 93.97% %, 93.62% and 93.37% of practices that are environmentally appropriate to the destination of their residues and by-products.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:39:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_cs_me_ilha.pdf: 372222 bytes, checksum: a23d8dffc9394536874e4aba2dd0153a (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O Eucalyptus urophylla destaca-se pelo potencial de utilização de sua madeira, pela sua plasticidade de adaptação a diferentes condições ambientais brasileiras e por ser tolerante ao cancro do eucalipto (Cryphonectria cubensis). A utilização de sementes melhoradas se faz necessária, considerando o iminente déficit florestal que começou no Brasil, a partir de 2004, em função da demanda por madeira ser maior que a sua oferta. Entretanto, o melhoramento dessa espécie, no Brasil, depende da existência de variabilidade genética das populações introduzidas, a qual evita a ocorrência de depressão endogâmica. O presente trabalho visa o estudo genético de uma população base de E. urophylla, originária de Flores e Timor, e instalada em Selvíria-MS. Estudou - se a variabilidade genética dessa população através de análises quantitativas. Dessa forma, os objetivos específicos do estudo foram: a) estimar a variabilidade genética para os principais caracteres silviculturais; b) estimar possíveis ganhos na seleção, utilizando-se da seleção entre e dentro de progênies e do Índice Multi-efeitos, analisando o efeito do desbaste em uma população base de E. urophylla. O experimento foi instalado em 17 de março de 1992, na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade de Engenharia, Campus de Ilha Solteira (FE/UNESP), localizada no município de Selvíria – MS. O teste de progênies foi instalado obedecendo a um delineamento experimental em Látice 8x8, quíntuplo, parcialmente balanceado, com 64 progênies provenientes da Estação Experimental do Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais (IPEF/ESALQ/USP), localizada no município de Anhembi – S.P. As parcelas contêm oito árvores, no espaçamento de 3,0 x 3,0 metros. Os caracteres quantitativos avaliados e analisados foram: 1- diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP); 2- altura total da planta (H); 3- tipo de... / The Eucalyptus urophylla is detached for its wood potential of utilization for its plasticity of plasticity of adaptation in different Brazilian’s environmental conditions and for being tolerant towards the eucalyptus canker (Cryphonectria cubensis). The utilization of improved seeds is needed, considering the imminent woodland’s deficit that started in Brazil, in 2004, since the heavy Wood demand was higher than it offers. However the improvements of this specie in Brazil, depends on the existence of genetic variability of the installed populations, which avoids the occurrence of endogamous depression. The present report aims at the genetic study of a base population of E. urophylla, originated from Flores e Timor, and installed in Selvíria-MS. Its genetic variability was studied through quantitative analysis. This way, the specific objectives of this report was: a) Guess the genetic variability for the main silvicultural characters; b) Guess possible earnings in the selection, utilizing this selection among and inside the progenies and inside the progenies and the index of multi-effects, analyzing the skive effect in a base population of E. urophylla. The experiment was installed on March 17th of 1992, on the engineering university’s farm of teaching, researches, and extension, campus in Ilha Solteira (FE/UNESP), located in Selvíria - MS. The progenies test was installed obeying an experimental delineation in lattice of 8x8, quintuplet, partially balanced with 64 progenies which came from the experimental station in the woodland’s institute of researches and studies, (IPEF/ESALQ/USP), located in of Anhembi - SP. The parcels have 8 trees, in a space of 3,0 x 3,0 meters. The evaluated and analyzed quantitative characters was: 1-Diameter at chest’s height (DAP); 2-Total plant’s height (H); 3-Kind of bark (CAS); 4- Shape of the shank (FOR); 5- Bifurcation; 6- Survival (SOBR) ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

A transição energética residencial começou a receber especial atenção da comunidade científica nos anos 1970 e 1980, quando se acreditava na ocorrência iminente da Crise da Lenha. Na época, temia-se que o corrente ritmo de consumo de biomassas sólidas em países em desenvolvimento ultrapassaria a capacidade de produção primária dos ambientes naturais, com sérias consequências para as camadas menos abastadas da população destes locais, que se veriam em uma situação de escassez de fontes de energia. Apesar de esta crise nunca haver, de fato, se concretizado, a preocupação com a sua potencial ocorrência estimulou o desenvolvimento de modelos que visavam à interpretação do fenômeno da transição energética residencial decorrente do processo de urbanização e aumento de renda dos usuários finais. Tal interesse culminou na elaboração do modelo da Escada Energética que, de uma maneira geral, previa que o abandono de fontes de energia tradicionais e a adoção de fontes de energia modernas era o resultado do aumento do status social da população. Inicialmente, a Escada Energética se estabeleceu como principal modelo de transição energética residencial. À medida que novos estudos foram desenvolvidos, entretanto, evidências passaram a sugerir que diversos fatores envolvidos na transição energética em países em desenvolvimento não podiam ser explicados pelo modelo. Estas evidências subsidiaram a concepção do modelo do Acúmulo de Combustíveis, segundo o qual a diversificação, e não a substituição, de energéticos seria o resultado do desenvolvimento social da população. Atualmente, não existe consenso sobre qual modelo melhor reflete o fenômeno da transição energética residencial. Como consequência, políticas públicas de acesso a energia e serviços energéticos limpos baseadas nestas diferentes interpretações possuem características e resultados distintos. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho pretende contribuir para a discussão sobre qual modelo de transição energética melhor reflete a realidade dos consumidores residenciais de energia de países em desenvolvimento a partir da apresentação de dois estudos de caso que retratam diferentes facetas da questão. As análises elaboradas indicam que o modelo do Acúmulo de Combustíveis consegue representar com maior fidelidade o fenômeno da transição energética residencial e que políticas públicas estruturadas segundo seu arcabouço teórico podem contribuir mais eficazmente para a melhoria das condições de vida da população. / The residential energy transition began to receive special attention from the scientific community in 70s and 80s, when a Fuelwood crisis was believed to be imminent. At the time, it was feared that the current rhythm of solid biomass consumption would not keep pace with the primary productivity of the forests and other sources of fuelwood, with severe consequences striking the least wealthy households, who would face an energy shortage. Although the referred crisis never really happened, the concern with its potential occurrence stimulated the development of models aiming at interpreting the energy transition phenomenon provoked by the urbanization process and the increase in income of households. Such interest culminated in the elaboration of the Energy Ladder model, which indicated that the abandonment of traditional energy sources and the adoption of modern ones was the result of the increase of the social status of the population. Initially, the Energy Ladder established itself as the main residential energy transition model. As new studies were being developed, however, evidences suggesting that different factors related to the energy transition in developing countries couldnt be explained by the model were found. These evidences supported the conception of the Fuel Staking model, according to which diversification, instead of substitution, resulted from the social development of the population. Currently, there is no consensus on which model better represents the residential energy transition. As a consequence, public policies focused on clean energy and energy services access based on these different interpretations have different characteristics and results. In such context, this work intends to contribute to the discussion on which energy transition model better reflects the reality of households in developing countries by presenting two case studies showing different aspects of the thematic. The analysis presented suggests that the Fuel Stacking model can better represent the residential energy transition phenomenon and that public policies structured according to its theoretical framework are more effective in contributing to increase the living standards of the population.

A utilização de nanopartículas (NP) magnéticas em várias áreas da biomedicina e biotecnologia vem recebendo elevado destaque nos últimos anos, graças à versatilidade de aplicações tais como: reparo de tecidos, diagnósticos, imagens por ressonância magnética, tratamento contra o câncer, separação celular, transporte controlado de drogas, entre outras. Atualmente, as NP com potencialidade de aplicação em biomedicina baseiam-se principalmente em óxidos magnéticos de ferro, os quais apresentam comportamento superparamagnético a temperatura ambiente e baixa magnetização da ordem de 60 emu g-1. A utilização dos óxidos se baseia em duas razões principais: facilidade e versatilidade de modificação da superfície e funcionalização devido aos grupos hidroxila na superfície das NP e pela baixa toxicidade comparada às NP magnéticas metálicas. Biocompatibilidade e funcionalidade específica são obtidas geralmente pela incorporação de materiais paramagnéticas e/ou diamagnéticos na superfície das NP contribuindo para diminuir ainda mais o baixo valor de magnetização de saturação dos óxidos. Nesse contexto, é necessário o desenvolvimento de novos núcleos magnéticos com elevado valor de magnetização, próximos aos valores observados para ferro metálico (~200 emu g-1). Entretanto, esses valores são observados apenas em NP metálicos com elevada toxicidade. Assim, neste trabalho, NP magnéticas bimetálicas de FePt, CoPt e NiPt recobertas óxido de ferro ou ferritas de Co e Ni foram sintetizadas pelo processo poliol modificado combinado com a metodologia de crescimento mediado por semente. As NP obtidas apresentaram tamanho e distribuição de tamanho compatíveis para aplicações biomédicas e a magnetização de saturação dos diferentes sistemas foi intensificada quando comparada às de NP de óxidos magnético puros. Os surfactantes ácido oleico e oleilamina presentes na superfície das NP como sintetizadas foram substituídos por moléculas de APTMS (3-aminopropiltrimetoxisilano) resultando em sistemas de NP dispersáveis em água. Adicionalmente, moléculas de carboximetil-dextrana foram conjugadas com as moléculas de APTMS modificando a superfície das NP e levando a formação de sistemas de NP magnéticas biocompatíveis, com estabilidade em dispersões aquosa e resposta magnética melhorada. As NP sintetizadas apresentam, em resumo, grande potencialidade para diversas aplicações em biomedicina. / In recent years, the magnetic nanoparticles uses in many biomedical and biotechnological areas have received great attention due to their applications possibilities such as: tissue repair, diagnostics, magnetic resonance imaging, cancer treatment, cell separation, and controlled drug delivery, among others. Today, the magnetic nanoparticles applications are mainly based on magnetic iron oxides, which exhibit superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature and low saturation magnetization around 60 emu g-1. Magnetic oxide uses was based in two main reasons: easily and versatility of surface changes and functionalization due to hydroxyl groups present on the oxide nanoparticles surface, and low toxicity compared with the magnetic metallic nanoparticles. Biocompatibility and targetable functionalizations are generally obtained by paramagnetic and/or diamagnetic materials incorporations onto the nanoparticle surface contributing to decreases the already low oxide saturation magnetization. In this context, the development of new magnetic nuclei with high magnetizations values closed to the metallic iron values (~200 emu g-1) is required. However, this value is only generally observed in highly toxic metallic nanoparticles. Therefore, in this study, bimetallic magnetic nanoparticles of FePt, CoPt and NiPt coated with iron oxide and Ni- or Co-ferrites in a core-shell structure are synthesized by using the modified polyol process combined with the seed-mediated growth method. Obtained nanoparticles presented size and size distribution compatible for biomedical applications and the saturation magnetization of the different synthesized systems were enhanced compared with the pure magnetic oxide nanoparticles. Oleic acid and oleylamine present on the as-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles surface were properly changed by (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS) molecules leading to water-dispersible magnetic nanoparticles system. In addition, carboxymethyl-dextran molecules were conjugated with the APTMS molecules changing the nanoparticles surfaces and resulting in biocompatible water-soluble magnetic nanoparticles systems with improved magnetic response. These synthesized biocompatible magnetic systems present a great potential for many biomedical applications.

No description available.

O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a performance de alguns métodos de comparações múltiplas (MCMs) que ajustam o valor-p quando as estatísticas empregadas nos testes são a log-rank e a Cramér-von Mises, ambas não paramétricas e com estrutura de dependência. A vantagem dos MCMs que ajustam o valor-p é que eles controlam as taxas de erro tipo I e tipo II para cada hipótese, afim de atingir um poder estatístico elevado, mantendo a taxa de erro da família dos testes (FWER) menor ou igual ao nível de significância escolhido. Trabalhamos com o procedimento clássico de Bonferroni e com outros métodos vistos como seu melhoramento, com especial atenção a certos procedimentos derivados do método de Simes que permitem realizar inferências sob as hipóteses individuais. Foi verificado teoricamente que a estatística log-rank pertence à classe multivariada totalmente positiva de ordem 2 (\'MTP IND. 2\'), uma vez que o método de Simes garante o controle da FWER quando as estatísticas dependentes assumem esta condição. O controle da FWER empregando a estatística de Cramér-von Mises foi observado apenas por meio de simulações. Os MCMs foram analisados através de estudos computacionais em modelos discretos e contínuos sob censura com foco no problema de comparar um tratamento versus controle / The aim of this work is to study the performance of some Multiple Comparison Methods (MCMs) that adjust the p-value when the log-rank-type and Cramér-von Mises statistics are used, both nonparametric and with dependency structure. The advantage of these methods is that they control the error rates of type I and type II for each hypothesis in order to achieve high statistical power while keeping the Family Wise Error Rate (FWER) lower or equal than a given significance level. The classical Bonferroni procedure is used as well as others seen as its improvement, with special attention to certain procedures derived from Simes\' method for making inferences on individual hypothesis. It is theoretically proved that the weighted Log-Rank statistics belongs to the multivariate totally positive of order 2 (\'MTP IND. 2\') class, which is needed in order to apply Simes\' method, that guarantees control of the FWER of dependent statistics in this case. The control of the FWER when the Cramér-von Mises statistics is used is only veried by means of computational simulations. The MCMs are also analyzed by means of computational experiments with discrete and continuous data under censoring with focus on the problem of comparisons of treatment versus a control

Globalisation is affecting all social sectors, including education in ways that was never thought of before. In South Africa the most changing environment is probably the education sector. Higher education institutions in particular are constantly forging ways to develop the human resource capital for the country despite the shrinking financial resources. The increased demand for quality education, greater efficiency, accountability and national viability constantly challenge academics such that they can no longer wait for management to provide them with the necessary skills and competences. The times are calling for academics to take initiatives to develop themselves for improved performance in their primary roles and in the education of the learners. This study was undertaken to determine the changing nature of radiography as a profession and field of specialization, the development needs of radiography educators and the preferred strategies that could be used to develop the necessary skills and competences. A qualitative research design was employed and data collected through the literature review and interviews. Unstructured questions were used in the interviews to obtain an in-depth understanding of the situation. Challenges faced by academic radiographers in South Africa were explored and new competences required by academe during the time of change explained. Focus was put on the primary functions of academe and that includes teaching, research, community service/service learning and learner supervision strategies that can be used to improve the role of academe were described. Conclusions and recommendations regarding human resource development of academe were drawn from the literature review and the empirical investigation. / Dissertation (MEd (Maximising Potential in Education and Training))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

The main aim of the thesis was the liquefaction of Únanovka streamflow under the Těšetice dam with the focus on suitable flood protection of the villages of Těšetice, Bantice and Práče.The thesis evaluates the existing condition of the Únanovka streamflow in the river mileage 1.6593 – 6.4103. Calculation of the streamflow capacity was carried out per 1D mathematical model in the HEC-RAS programme for the selected N-year flow from the ČHMÚ hydrological study. Final value of the improved drainage from the dam was determined together with the possible value of water collection. Within the thesis the hydro-ecological monitoring of the watercourse was carried out (HEM analysis 2014).

The thesis is processed from several partial steps. The first step is to calibrate and validate the hydrological model using real meteorological and hydrological data using the balance hydrological model in Runoff Prophet. Furthermore, using the corresponding statistical downscaling in the LARS WG program. Create climatological data sets considering climate change. Hydrological transformation of climatological data by hydrological model to compile sets of hydrological series for Vlára river basin. Recalculate the hydrological data to the body of the dam for the tributary of the Vlára River, including water transfers from the basins of the Sviborka and Smolinka streams. The last step of the work is to analyze the storage volume and its respective improved water outflow from the tank and to assess the impact of climate change on the storage volume of the tank.

The paper deals with tau-extrapolation - a modification of the multigrid method, which leads to solutions with an improved con- vergence order. The number of numerical operations depends linearly on the problem size and is not much higher than for a multigrid method without this modification. The paper starts with a short mathematical foundation of the tau-extrapolation. Then follows a careful tuning of some multigrid components necessary for a successful application of tau-extrapolation. The next part of the paper presents numerical illustrations to the theoretical investigations for one- dimensional test problems. Finally some experience with the use of tau-extrapolation for the Navier-Stokes equations is given.