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Transformation of improved rastr is performed for digitalization of fathom cadastral maps, without analyzing in detail the risk arising from the number of identical items for the selected Up-transformation. The diplom’s thesis aims to analyze a influence of up-transformation used method to precision of improved rastr. Transformation of improved rastr was performed for chosen number of determination by Jungova, TPS and Block up-transformation. Agreement of improved raster and digital cadastral map was tested by the system of Kokeš. This test was conducted using checking points in the urban cadastral area.

Mechatronics is a rapidly growing field that combines elements of mechanical, electrical, and software engineering to design and develop intelligent systems. One area where mechatronics still has the potential to have a significant impact is personal appliances and aids for people with disabilities, which this report aims to explore. This bachelor thesis focuses on the design and development of a mechatronic lid opener. The main objective of this project is to explore the feasibility of creating a functional prototype that can automatically open jar lids with minimal user intervention. A secondary objective is to explore the market potential for such a product. In order to achieve the main objective, a prototype was designed, constructed, and tested. Further, a brief supplementing market analysis was conducted. The result showed that the construction was durable enough to withstand the pressure it put on the jar, and the function of the planetary gearing works as intended. Although, from the tests, it is concluded that the prototype’s functionality is not developed enough to reach the goal. This is derived from the limitations of construction on the gripping arms and lack of inertia leading to premature rotation. The result also showed that the market for automated or motorized home appliances is small, with identified target groups generally having low purchasing power. Low effort is recognized to achieve what this project aimed to do, which is why future studies from this project are of high interest. / Mekatronik är ett snabbt växande område som kombinerar element av mekanik, elektronik och mjukvaruteknik för att designa och utveckla intelligenta system. Ett område där mekatronik fortfarande har potential att ha en betydande inverkan är personliga applikationer och hjälpmedel förpersoner med funktionsvariation, som denna rapport syftar till att utforska. Denna kandidatuppsats fokuserar på design och utveckling av en mekatronisk burköppnare. Huvudsyftet med detta projekt är att utforska möjligheten att skapa en funktionell prototyp som automatiskt kan öppna burklock med minimalt krav på inverkar från användaren. Ett sekundärt mål är att utforska marknadspotentialen för en sådan produkt. För att uppnå detta huvudsyfte designades, konstruerades och testades en prototyp. Vidare genomfördes en kort kompletterande marknadsanalys. Resultatet visade att konstruktionen var tillräckligt tålig för att klara trycket den satte på burken och planetväxelns funktion fungerar som planerat. Däremot dras slutsaten utifrån testerna att prototypens funktionalitet inte är tillräckligt utvecklad för att nå målet. Detta härrör från begränsningarna av konstruktionen av griparmarna och bristen på tröghet som leder till för tidig rotation. Resultatet visade också att marknaden för automatiserade eller motoriserade hushållsapparater är liten, där identifierade målgrupper generellt har låg köpkraft. Liten ansträngning anses nödvändigt för att uppnå vad detta projekt syftade till, varför framtida studier från detta projekt är av stort intresse.

Concrete is a leading building material due to its durability, strength and carrying capacity etcetera. A weakness of concrete is it´s relatively large carbon dioxide emissions that are released during the production process. At this current time cement production accounts to 5% of the world's GHG emissions. Boverket has set a specific requirement that new buildings must be climate declared as a guide to more sustainable construction. This  study  aims  to  investigate  and  use  a  model-based  LCA-assessments  where climate- improved concrete is compared to a traditional concrete. This was done by examining a BIM- model. The  possibility  of  improving  the  environmental  impact  is  answered  by  producing carbon dioxide emissions equivalent for concrete in this property and comparing it with carbon dioxide emissions  equivalent  for  a  climate-improved  concrete  to  show  a potential  carbon  dioxide saving. A quantitative method is selected for this study using LCA. LCA-assessment is performed using several computer-based BIM programs to be able to produce simulations and calculations. A reference building that represents an ordinary apartment building in Sweden forms the basis of the assessment. LCA is based on only one environmental indicator which is carbon dioxide emissions. LCA assessment for the two types of concrete include the construction phase A1-A5 as well as the phase B6 operating energy according to Swedish standard SS-EN 15978: 2011. No account is taken of any differences in strength, fire class and sound class when exchanging materials. LCC limits to utility calculation. Results shows the total price increases by approximately SEK 49,000 if the ordinary concrete is replaced with a climate-improved concrete, and the carbon dioxide emissions is reduced by approximately 57,000 kgCO2e. Reduction in the climate-impact of concrete partly helps in the climate policy framework 2045 for a climate-neutral Sweden. Climate-improved  concrete  has  limits  within exposure  and  strength  classes.  Surroundingenvironment must therefore be considered. / Betong är ledande byggnadsmaterial med många goda egenskaper men också förhållandevisstora koldioxidutsläpp. Cementtillverkningen står idag för fem procent av världens utsläpp avväxthusgaser. Betongbyggandet måste ständigt förbättra sin hållbarhet och ta till sig åtgärderför att minska klimatpåverkan. Boverket har ställt ett krav att nybyggnationer måste klimatdeklareras som en vägledning mot mer hållbart byggande. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka och använda en modellbaserad LCA-analys där klimatförbättrad betong ställs mot en traditionell betong. Detta utfördes genom att en befintlig BIM modell av en fastighet på Kapellvägen undersöktes. Miljöpåverkans förbättringsmöjlighet besvaras genom att ta fram koldioxidutsläpp ekvivalentför betong i denna fastighet och jämföra det mot koldioxidutsläpp ekvivalent för enklimatförbättrad betong för att visa en potentialkoldioxid besparing. En kvantitativ metod väljs för denna studie, genom användning av LCA bedömning. LCA bedömningen utförs med hjälp av flera datorbaserade BIM program för att kunna ta fram simuleringar och beräkningar. Dessa BIM program är Autodesk Revit, Autodesk Insight, Bidcon och Solibri. En referensbyggnad som representerar ett vanligt flerbostadshus i Sverige ligger till grunden av bedömningen. LCA görs utifrån endast koldioxidutsläppmiljöindikator. Livscykelbedömningen för de två betongsorterna omfattar byggskedet och dess moduler A1-A5 samt modulen B6 driftsenergi som ingår i användningsskedet enligt svensk standard SS-EN 15978:2011. För energiförbrukning (kWh/BTA) i referensbyggnaden som motsvarar driftsenergi B6, tas det hänsyn endast till klimatskärmen. Inga hänsyn tas till eventuella skillnader i hållfasthet-, brand- ochljudklasser vid utbyte av material. LCC begränsas till nyttokalkyl.Resultat visar att den totala klimatpåverkan från stommen med traditionell betong beräknas till161 tonCO2e för flerbostadshuset i Kapellvägen 11. Medan den totala klimatpåverkan frånstommen med klimatförbättrad betong beräknas till 104 tonCO2e. Totala priset ökar med cirka 49 tusen kronor om man ersätter den traditionella betongen med en klimatförbättrad variant.Materialbytet i betongstommen leder till minskning av koldioxidutsläpp med cirka 57 ton CO2e. Koldioxidutsläppbesparingen motsvarar en kostnad på 0,86 kr/kgCO2e. Investeringen i den klimatförbättrade betongen motsvarar cirka 0,34% av den totala grundinvesteringen, medan koldioxidutsläppet är 13,3% mindre för hela byggnaden. På långsikt om 100 år ökar nuvärdet av investeringen i materialbytet med ca 222%. Driftskostnad förblir densamma innan och eftermaterialets byte. Klimatpåverkans förbättringar är möjliga och målet på färdplanen 2045 kan nås om alla i bygg- och anläggningssektor samarbetar. Minskning i klimatpåverkan för betongen gör att byggmaterialet blir mer hållbart i framtiden och hjälper delvis i färdplanen 2045 för en klimatneutral bygg- och anläggningssektor. Tanken är att få fler aktörer till en konkurrens om vem som har minst klimatavtryck på deras klimatförbättrade betong. Klimatförbättrad betong har idag begränsningar inom exponerings och hållfasthetsklasser, men mycket betong används inomhus med låga laster och exponeringsklasser som klimatförbättrad betong förser.

La Tierra es uno de los recursos constructivos más empleados globalmente. Sin embargo, su aplicación en áreas propensas a terremotos y su susceptibilidad a la erosión por agua son aspectos que generan inquietud entre los ingenieros. La investigación se enfocó en integrar estiércol de Equus asinus en la producción de unidades de tierra reforzada con el fin de aumentar su resistencia a la compresión y tracción, además de explorar el efecto de aplicar estearato de calcio en su superficie para disminuir su permeabilidad. Se llevaron a cabo pruebas tanto en campo como en laboratorio para elegir la cantera de suelo y el agua a emplear. Se analizaron las características mecánicas (compresión y tracción) de los bloques de tierra reforzada según lo estipulado en la norma E.080. Además, se sugirieron pruebas de absorción e inundación simulada para evaluar la permeabilidad. Los resultados indicaron un aumento del 19% en la resistencia a la compresión y un 50% en la resistencia a la tracción a nivel de unidades, y del 20% y 22% respectivamente a nivel de muros. El uso de estearato de calcio como recubrimiento permitió que las muestras absorbieran temporalmente agua sin desintegrarse, retrasando su deterioro. Por último, se determinó un aumento del 19.20% del precio de asentamiento con unidades de tierra reforzada y recubrimiento con estearato de calcio. En conclusión, la adición de estiércol de Equus asinus al 6% y el recubrimiento de estearato de calcio mejoran tanto las propiedades mecánicas como las hidrofóbicas de las unidades de tierra reforzada, con un pequeño aumento en su costo de producción. / Earth is one of the most commonly used construction materials. However, its application in earthquake-prone areas and susceptibility to water erosion are concerns for engineers. This research aimed to enhance the compression and traction resistance of earth units by integrating Equus asinus manure into their production. Additionally, it explored the effectiveness of applying calcium stearate to the surface to reduce permeability. Field and laboratory tests were conducted to select the soil quarry and water source. Mechanical properties (compression and traction) of the reinforced earth blocks were analyzed according to the E.080 standard. Furthermore, absorption and simulated flooding tests were suggested to evaluate permeability. Results indicated a 19% increase in compression resistance and a 50% increase in traction resistance at the unit level, and 20% and 22%, respectively, at the wall level. Coating with calcium stearate allowed samples to temporarily absorb water without disintegration, thus delaying deterioration. Lastly, a 19.20% increase in settlement price was observed with reinforced earth units and calcium stearate coating. In conclusion, the addition of 6% Equus asinus manure and calcium stearate coating improve both the mechanical and hydrophobic properties of reinforced earth units, albeit with a slight increase in production cost.

Η παρούσα διατριβή εντάσσεται ερευνητικά στην περιοχή της Στατιστικής Θεωρίας Αποφάσεων και ειδικότερα στην (σημειακή) εκτίμηση παραμέτρου κλίμακας. Το κλασικό αποτέλεσμα του Strawderman [1974, Ann. Statist., 2, 190–198] για την εκτίμηση της διασποράς κανονικής κατανομής επεκτείνεται σε κατανομές με παράμετρο κλίμακας και μία άλλη άγνωστη («ενοχλητική») παράμετρο για την εκτίμηση της παραμέτρου κλίμακας και του αντιστρόφου της παραμέτρου κλίμακας ως προς την τετραγωνική συνάρτηση ζημίας και τη συνάρτηση ζημίας εντροπίας. Η μέθοδος απόδειξης των αποτελεσμάτων, παρά το γεγονός ότι διατηρεί το «σκελετό» της μεθόδου του Strawderman [1974, Ann. Statist., 2, 190–198], διαφέρει (αναπόφευκτα) τεχνικά από αυτήν επειδή ο Strawderman [1974, Ann. Statist., 2, 190–198] βασίζεται σε ειδικά χαρακτηριστικά της κανονικής κατανομής. Η εφαρμογή αυτών των γενικών αποτελεσμάτων στην εκθετική κατανομή παρέχει νέες ικανές συνθήκες – δηλαδή, διαφορετικές από τις υπάρχουσες στη βιβλιογραφία – για τη βελτίωση των αντίστοιχων καλύτερων αναλλοίωτων ως προς μετασχηματισμούς θέσης-κλίμακας εκτιμητών. Επίσης, κατασκευάζονται νέες κλάσεις εκτιμητών που ικανοποιούν τις νέες συνθήκες. Πέραν της δικής τους αξίας, τα παραπάνω αποτελέσματα είναι χρήσιμα (ουσιαστικά, απαραίτητα) για την κατασκευή εκτιμητών τύπου Strawderman [1974, Ann. Statist., 2, 190–198] για το λόγο των παραμέτρων κλίμακας δύο ανεξάρτητων πληθυσμών. Συγκεκριμένα, κατασκευάζονται νέες κλάσεις εκτιμητών, τύπου Strawderman [1974, Ann. Statist., 2, 190–198], για το λόγο των διασπορών δύο κανονικών κατανομών καθώς και το λόγο των παραμέτρων κλίμακας δύο εκθετικών κατανομών ως προς την τετραγωνική συνάρτηση ζημίας και τη συνάρτηση ζημίας εντροπίας. Η μέθοδος της απόδειξης δεν είναι η τυπική για αυτού του είδους τα προβλήματα, η οποία απαιτεί την επέκταση αποτελεσμάτων από έναν πληθυσμό σε δύο πληθυσμούς. Αντιθέτως, εφαρμόζεται η μεθοδολογία των Iliopoulos and Kourouklis [1999, J. Multivariate Anal., 68, 176-192] που ανάγει το πρόβλημα εκτίμησης του λόγου των παραμέτρων κλίμακας σ2/σ1 σε δύο προβλήματα ενός πληθυσμού, ένα αυτό της εκτίμησης του σ2 και, το άλλο, αυτό της εκτίμησης του 1/σ1. / This PhD thesis deals with the study of the problem of point estimation of a scale parameter from the decision theoretic point of view. Strawderman’s [1974. Ann. Statist., 2, 190–198] result for estimating the variance of a normal distribution is extended to estimating a general scale parameter and the reciprocal of a general scale parameter in the presence of a nuisance parameter under both quadratic and entropy losses. The method of proof for these results, although it retains the "skeleton" of Strawderman’s [1974. Ann. Statist., 2, 190–198] method, differs (inevitably) technically from that since Strawderman [1974. Ann. Statist., 2, 190–198] relies on special features of the normal distribution. Application of these general results to the exponential distribution gives new sufficient conditions, i.e., different from those available in the literature, for improving upon the respective best affine equivariant estimators. Furthermore, new classes of estimators satisfying the above conditions are constructed. Apart from their own value, these results are also useful (essentially, necessary) for the construction of Strawderman [1974. Ann. Statist., 2, 190–198]-type estimators for the ratio of scale parameters of two independent populations. Specifically, new classes of improved Strawderman [1974. Ann. Statist., 2, 190–198]-type estimators for the ratio of the variances of two normal distributions as well as the ratio of the scale parameters of two exponential distributions are constructed under both quadratic and entropy losses. The method of proof is not the typical one for this kind of problem which requires a two-sample extension of respective one-sample arguments. In contrast, the methodology of Iliopoulos and Kourouklis [1999, J. Multivariate Anal., 68, 176-192] is employed which reduces the two-sample problem of estimating the ratio of scale parameters σ2/σ1 to two one-sample problems, namely, one of estimating σ2 and another of estimating 1/σ1.

Finding an optimal solution for the logic circuit design problem is challenging and time-consuming especially for complex logic circuits. As the number of logic gates increases the task of designing optimal logic circuits extends beyond human capability. A number of evolutionary algorithms have been invented to tackle a range of optimisation problems, including logic circuit design. This dissertation explores two of these evolutionary algorithms i.e. Gene Expression Programming (GEP) and Multi Expression Programming (MEP) with the aim of integrating their strengths into a new Genetic Programming (GP) algorithm. GEP was invented by Candida Ferreira in 1999 and published in 2001 [8]. The GEP algorithm inherits the advantages of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and GP, and it uses a simple encoding method to solve complex problems [6, 32]. While GEP emerged as powerful due to its simplicity in implementation and exibility in genetic operations, it is not without weaknesses. Some of these inherent weaknesses are discussed in [1, 6, 21]. Like GEP, MEP is a GP-variant that uses linear chromosomes of xed length [23]. A unique feature of MEP is its ability to store multiple solutions of a problem in a single chromosome. MEP also has an ability to implement code-reuse which is achieved through its representation which allow multiple references to a single sub-structure. This dissertation proposes a new GP algorithm, Improved Gene Expression Programming (IGEP) which im- proves the performance of the traditional GEP by combining the code-reuse capability and simplicity of gene encoding method from MEP and GEP, respectively. The results obtained using the IGEP and the traditional GEP show that the two algorithms are comparable in terms of the success rate when applied on simple problems such as basic logic functions. However, for complex problems such as one-bit Full Adder (FA) and AND-OR Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) the IGEP performs better than the traditional GEP due to the code-reuse in IGEP / Mathematical Sciences / M. Sc. (Applied Mathematics)

An employed individual will spend between a quarter and a third of his or her waking life at the workplace. An estimated 40% of those in South Africa who are employed full-time work in offices. With the amount of time spend in buildings, the physical conditions in the workplace are important determinants of satisfaction, comfort, well-being, and effectiveness and can even play a role in mental health. The physical environment in offices should therefore be carefully planned, designed, and managed. This qualitative study, sought to develop an inter-cultural office design framework for South Africa combining Eastern and Western design principles. Specifically, it sought to obtain a better insight into design principles which can enhance the well-being of office workers; inter-cultural, gender neutral and age neutral design principles which can be applied in a South African context. To be able to answer these questions an intensive literature review was undertaken investigating both the Eastern design principles as expressed in feng shui and Western design principles as expressed in Environmental Social Science. The design principles of these two traditions were compared and all aspects where the two traditions did not support each other were included in the in-depth interviews. Twenty-five in-depth interviews were conducted By relying on various design cultures (e.g. Eastern and Western) an environment can be created which are pleasing and can enhance the well-being of the users. Underlying design principles are universal, but the symbolic expression thereof can differ from culture to culture. One of the conclusions from this study is that three quarters of design principles are v universal. There is no one size fits all solution and compromise is necessary from all involved. The compromise applies to the roughly a quarter of design aspects where subgroup differences have been detected. Any design should take individual and group difference into account. The only way to do this is to get proper input from all stakeholders at all stages of the design. It is critically important that the input starts before the design process commences. There are many design principles which can be implemented to improve the quality of work life of office workers in the South African context. Design can for example play a very important role in encouraging and facilitating formal and informal interaction in the workplace – bridging the gap between heterogeneous groups. Without forcing relationships, design can assist in naturally integrating heterogeneous groups. The physical environment must support the image and identity which needs to be communicated, facilitate communication and enable task accomplishment. Most of all it must become a place with which employees can identify and where they can develop a sense of place. From this study it can be concluded that not only form follows function but also that aesthetics follow function – a principle that design should be based on the primary purpose of the building, the workspace based on the needs of the stakeholders and from this starting point aesthetics will flow. / Psychology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Consulting Psychology)

摘 要 目前我國地價制度是以公告土地現值為核心，但現行公告土地現值嚴重偏離市價，區段內各筆土地相對值極不合理，以此作為課稅稅基及徵收補償的依據，違背賦稅公平原則，為避免稅負漏損，落實漲價歸公，並於土地徵收時作到完全補償，讓公告土地現值趨近於市價，是現階段政府平均地權土地政策「價」的目標。 本研究即以此為論述出發點，從房地總價分離地價的根本查估問題導入，房地分離地價雖是現行公告土地現值查估最重要的價格來源基礎，但因公告土地現值掺雜了素地價和房地分離地價，造成「價」的定位不清、性質不明。經本研究實證結果發現，素地價格區間值相對於房地分離地價是較穩定且乖離率較低，房地分離地價會因建物存在狀態不同而異，且求算過程易受三個貢獻學說爭議的影響，不若素地地價單純，分離地價因含有超額利潤，有重複課稅之嫌，故公告土地現值及基準地價應以定位為「素地價」為宜。 採聯合貢獻所分離出來的地價較採土地貢獻分離地價，更接近素地地價，且與周邊的地價較為均衡，因此房地價格的分離方式應以聯合貢獻說較為合理。現行地價調查估計規則條文過於簡陋，應徹底修訂和不動產估價技術規則接軌，將房地分離方式納入聯合貢獻說的運用，採聯合貢獻分算房地價格時，分算基礎應以含間接成本的建物成本價格為宜，且不動產估價技術規則有關房地分離的相關法規，應予整合統一，房地分離估價方法定義、房地價值比率求算方式，應予明訂。 本研究建議採「價稅分離」，將公告土地現值功能用途單純化，使不同需求之地價回歸其功能目的，讓地政機關查估地價得以切實反應市價。並持續推動基準地地價查估制度，基準地查估不但具有個別宗地估價之精確度，又不失大量估價之方便性，亦能使公告土地現值更趨近於市價，應可改善現行公告土地現值查估制度的諸多缺失。 關鍵字：房地價格分離、公告土地現值、基準地、素地價、區段地價 / Currently, the core of the land value system in Taiwan is based on the Announced Current Land Value(ACLV). However, the ACLV deviates from the market value and the relationship between each parcel of land within the Land Value District is not reasonable. If the ACLV becomes part of the tax base and the foundation for compensation when the land is expropriated, it would be against the fairness and equity principle of taxation. In order to prevent tax loss, put the “Land Increment to the Public” into reality, compensate to the fullest when expropriation, the current goal of the Equalization of Right, the “Land Evaluation” of the land policy by the government is to make the ACLV approximating to the market value. Based on those issues mentioned above, this research delves into the core issue, the separation of improved property price. Although the land value separated from the improved property price is the most important foundation of the ACLV, the orientation of the value is not certain, and the nature of the value is not clear due to the ACLV is a combination of the land value from the vacant land and improved property. This thesis discovers the vacant land value range is more stable and the possibility of deviation is lower compared to the improved property price. The land value separated from the improved property will differ owing to the difference of the buildings which have already existed, and the controversy resulted from three contribution principles, which makes it more complicated than the vacant land value. If the land value separated from the improved property contains surplus profit, whether the double taxation occurs or not is in doubt. Hence, the orientation of the ACLV and the benchmark land value is better to be identified by the vacant land value. The separated land value adopting the land-build-united contribution principle approximates the vacant land value more compared to land contribution, and maintain better equilibrium status with surrounding lands. Hence the land-build-united contribution is more reasonable when separated the value from the improved property. Current articles of the “Regulations on the Land Value Investigation and Assessment” are too simplified. It needs to be totally overhauled to be in conformity with the “Regulations on the Real Estate Appraisal.” The land-build-united contribution should be incorporated for the separation of improved property price. The building cost value, which is to be deducted, should consider the indirect cost. Related stipulations of the separation of improved property price should be unified. The definition of the separation approach of improved property price and estimation of the land value ratio and the building value ratio shall be stipulated. This dissertation suggests the “separation of the evaluation and the taxation” and makes the function and purpose of the ACLV simple. When the land value identified for different function and political purpose is not directly relevant to the ACLV, the ACLV the land administration assess would reflect the market value. The land value benchmark system needs to be implemented continuously. Not only is the precision of the land value benchmark appraisal identical to the individual parcel of land appraisal, but also maintains the efficiency of the mass appraisal as well as making the ACLV closer to the market value, the implementation of the Land Value Benchmark could improve the deficiency of the current Announced Current Land Value system. Keywords: the separation of improved property price, Announced Current Land Value, Land Value Benchmark, vacant land value, District Land Value.

Ces travaux de thèse portent sur l'analyse des mélanges réels et synthétiques complexes composés de petites molécules à l'aide de la RMN HRMAS. Dans une première partie, une approche RMN HRMAS basée sur l'analyse métabolomique en combinaison avec des techniques de reconnaissance des formes (PCA et O-PLS-DA) a été appliquée pour le diagnostic des lésions thyroïdiennes indéterminées et étudier également les effets biologiques négatifs des nanoparticules d'aluminium sur pseudomonas brassicacearum. Dans une seconde partie, nous avons étudié la RMN chromatographique en utilisant la silice comme matrice de support qui pourrait fournir une alternative rapide et complète de la LC pour la caractérisation de mélanges complexes. En outre, l'exigence de la suppression du signal dans l'extrait de plantes naturelles et d'hydrocarbures aromatiques conduit à l'élaboration d'une méthode rapide et précise en utilisant des polymères à empreintes moléculaires avec une excellente sélectivité. La sélectivité des polymères à empreintes moléculaires à travers la capture d'une cible moléculaire spécifique est exploitée ici pour éliminer efficacement les signaux RMN. / This thesis work deals with the analysis of natural and synthetic complex mixtures composed of small molecules using HRMAS NMR. In a first part, an integrated HRMAS-NMR based metabolomic analysis in combination with pattern recognition techniques (PCA and O-PLS-DA) has been applied for the diagnosis of indeterminate thyroid lesions and also studied the potential adverse biological effects of aluminium nanoparticles on pseudomonas brassicacearum. In a second part we investigated that chromatographic NMR using silica as the matrix support could provide a quick alternative and complement to LC for the characterization of complex mixtures. In addition, requirement for signal suppression in natural plant extract and aromatic hydrocarbons led to the development of a rapid and accurate method using molecularly imprinted polymers with excellent selectivity. The selectivity of Molecularly Imprinted polymers towards capturing a specific molecular target is exploited here to efficiently remove NMR signals.