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In this thesis the authors have analyzed what risks Swedish business-to-business (B2B) small- and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) perceive when internationalizing to Indonesia, as well as what factors impacting their perception of risk. By distinguishing the risks and the impacting factors, the aim of the research has been to increase the awareness of these risks and provide an understanding of the means necessary for decreasing them. The authors have implemented a qualitative study method with an abductive research approach to gain a deeper insight to the subject. Qualitative interviews have been conducted with three relevant case firms and one council in order to gain a wider perspective. To fulfill the purpose of the study and to gain deeper understanding, the study has been based on two questions: (1) What are the risks Swedish B2B SMEs perceive when internationalizing to Indonesia? And (2) What factors impact the Swedish B2B SMEs' perception of risk in Indonesia? The literature review includes theories and findings of previous research related to international business and how it can be impacted depending of several factors such as risk, distance, commitment, knowledge and relations. The findings of the study show that the most prominent risks perceived are the financial risks of default and insecure payments, corruption and vulnerability to the network. The risk perception is determined by an interrelation between the factors of commitment, knowledge and relations. Furthermore, by examine these underlying factors’ impact on risk perception, the study contributes to a wider understanding necessary for a successful practical business implementation in a foreign country.

Zugl.: Berlin, Frei Univ., Diss., 2004

NY, Cornell Univ., Diss.--Ithaca, 2004. / Kopie, ersch. im Verl. UMI, Ann Arbor, Mich. - Enth. 3 Beitr.

Univ., Diss.--Salzburg, 2007.

Zugl.: München, Univ., Diss., 2008

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Bochum, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 215-227).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Northern Illinois University, 1990. / Dept. of Political Science. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 321-378).

Working as a nurse means close contact with dying patients and mourning relatives. To care for severely ill and dying patients is part of the nursing profession and this places great expectations on the nurse to meet the needs of all individual patients and their relatives. Therefore, it is essential that the healthcare professionals have a deeper understanding of all the various needs a human being can have at the end of time. / Att arbeta som sjuksköterska innebär nära kontakt med döende patienter och sörjande anhöriga. Att vårda svårt sjuka och döende patienter kan ses som en del av sjuksköterskeprofessionen och innebär ett stort krav på sjuksköterskan som ska tillgodose olika behov hos alla individuella patienter. Vi tror därför att det är betydelsefullt att sjuksköterskan får kunskap om hur det kan vara att arbeta med människor som är i slutet av livet.

Hygiene routines and practices is an important part of healthcare. Without hygiene routines there might not be a functional health care system nor would the hospitals be a safe environment. Patient safety is one of our most important tasks as nurses and in order to achieve that, we need good education. Of the actively working nurses in Indonesia 29% have a diploma, 1% has a higher degree and the remaining 60% only obtains a high school level of knowledge and education. Although the country is in development there are currently still problems in the education of nursing. The aim was to describe nurses’ experiences of hygiene routines and practices in hospitals in Bali, Indonesia. A qualitative interview study with semi structured interviews was carried out at hospitals in Bali, Indonesia. A qualitative content analysis was used to transcribe and analyze data from four interviews with different educated nurses. The result shows four themes and ten subthemes. In addition to hygiene and education, teamwork was also frequently mentioned. To make sure the patient was happy was also an answer given many times during the interviews. Some participators had a hard time explaining their experiences of hygiene routines and practices, which made it seem like they were lacking in knowledge due to shortage of context in education. / Hygienrutiner och dess utövande är en viktig hörnsten i hälso- och sjukvården. Utan det hade vi inte haft ett fungerande hälso- och sjukvårdssystem och sjukhusen hade inte heller varit en säker miljö att vistas i. Patientsäkerheten är en av våra viktigaste begrepp uppgifter och för att uppnå det så behövs en bra utbildning. Av de aktivt arbetande sjuksköterskorna i Indonesien har 29 % tagit en treårig examen, 1 % med högre utbildning och de resterande 60 % erhåller endast en gymnasienivå av kunskap och utbildning. Trots att landet är under utveckling finns det fortfarande problem i vårdutbildningen. Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskornas erfarenheter av hygienrutiner och dess utförande på ett/flera sjukhus på Bali, Indonesien. En kvalitativ intervjustudie med halvstrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes på ett/flera sjukhus på Bali, Indonesien. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys användes för att transkribera och analysera data från fyra intervjuer med olikt utbildade sjuksköterskor. Resultatet visar fyra huvudteman och tio subteman. Förutom hygien och utbildning nämndes även teamwork ofta. Att se till att patienten är glad och nöjd var ett frekvent svar i intervjuerna. Vissa deltagare hade svårt att förklara sina erfarenheter av hygienrutiner och dess utövande. Vilket fick det att se ut som att de saknade kunskap. Kunskapsbristen skulle kunna vara på grund av att utbildningen saknar innehåll om hygienrutiner.