Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T14:49:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arquivototal.pdf: 6214963 bytes, checksum: 23ade05560c088566aef507f72c5782f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study has in its fundamental scope the objective to analyze critically of the acts of public authorities in environmental planning and managing in the main industrial district (ID) at the city of João Pessoa/PB. The rescue of the historical, economical industrial processes occurring in Brazil, at Northeast Region and at Paraíba, along with the implementation of ID showed the origin of developmental choices, which boosted the industrial growth of the study area. The field investigations supported by the Civil Public Investigation 030/2007 of the Environmental Prosecutor of the capital of the State of Paraíba performed in 58 industries in the universe of 118 (CINEP, 2011) between the years 2009 and 2010 exposed the following of each industrial enterprise: licensing; water grants, use and occupation; industrial and sanitary wastewater, treatment and disposal, water supply, solid waste, type and final destination. Environmental legislation has been used as a parameter to assess how far the reality was contained in the environmental standards. We analyzed the presence and actions in each state factor of environmental planning and managing of the ID, assessing what were the goals of environmental agencies, its history, its importance and what was their performance at the facts found. The results were compared with the parameters determined in the local, state and federal environmental legislation, showed that the negative impacts caused by industrial activities in all aspects evaluated are proportional to the insignificant role of public administration. Despite the entire environment legislative development, and also technologies less harmful to the environment and especially to the man, the search for a better quality of life for the people, the government prioritizes yet, only the factors directly linked to economic growth contributing decisively to accentuate the imbalance between industrial activities, the environment, and consequently, human. / Este trabalho tem no seu escopo fundamental o objetivo de analisar de forma crítica a eficiência da atuação do poder público no planejamento e gestão ambientais no principal Distrito Industrial da cidade João Pessoa PB (DI). O resgate histórico-econômico dos processos industriais ocorridos no Brasil, na região Nordeste e na Paraíba, aliados a implantação do DI mostrou a origem das escolhas desenvolvimentista, as quais impulsionaram o crescimento industrial da área em estudo. As investigações de campo apoiadas pelo Inquérito Civil Público 030/2007 da Promotoria de Meio Ambiente da capital do Ministério Público do Estado da Paraíba realizadas em 58 indústrias no universo de 118 (CINEP, 2011) entre os anos de 2009 e 2010 expuseram os seguintes aspectos de cada empreendimento industrial: licenciamento ambiental; outorgas d água; uso e ocupação do solo; efluentes industriais e sanitários, tratamentos e destinação final; abastecimento d água; resíduos sólidos, tipo e destinação final. A legislação ambiental foi utilizada como parâmetro para se avaliar o quão distante se encontrava a realidade (dados de campo) do ideal (normas ambientais). Analisou-se a presença e atuação estatal em cada fator do planejamento e da gestão ambientais do DI, avaliando-se quais os objetivos dos órgãos ambientais, seu histórico, sua importância e qual seu desempenho diante dos fatos encontrados. Os resultados obtidos foram confrontados com os parâmetros determinados na legislação ambiental municipal, estadual e federal e mostraram que os impactos negativos causados pelas atividades industriais nos diversos temas avaliados são proporcionais a atuação inexpressiva da administração pública. Apesar de todo o desenvolvimento legislativo ambiental, de tecnologias cada vez menos agressivas ao meio ambiente e, principalmente, ao homem, da busca por uma qualidade de vida melhor para as populações, o poder público prioriza ainda, apenas os fatores diretamente ligados ao crescimento econômico, contribuindo de maneira decisiva para a acentuação do desequilíbrio entre as atividades industriais, o meio ambiente, e consequentemente, o homem.

台灣工業區因應工業發展之需要已經歷經近三十年之發展，隨著大環境及產業結構的改變，加上工業區因為年代久遠，區內設備老舊失修且區內管理服務中心無法滿足廠商需求，使區內廠商外移嚴重，產生工業區土地閒置問題，於是工業區再造議題應聲而起。觀察台灣島內對於工業區再造之措施，都僅於區內環境及設備之改善，土地閒置問題仍然嚴重。 另一方面，因為地球氣候暖化問題嚴重，國際間對於二氧化碳排放量的管制隨著京都議定書的訂定產生標準及制裁行動；而油價持續上漲，如何節省能源也成為各國熱烈討論的 話題。台灣本島人口僅占全球0.4%，但二氧化碳排放量比例確高達0.96%；能源資源有限，然台灣能源皆需仰賴進口，身為地球之一份子，如何節能減碳亦成為台灣責無旁貸的目標。 在討論二氧化碳減量的方式中，增加植樹造林面積是被認為成本最低且對國家整體經濟之衝擊面影響最小，同時京都議定書對於造林減碳的方式亦予以肯定。 是否可以全面植樹來再造工業區成為本文之重點，藉由工業區以全面植樹再造之利弊分析來提供另一思維，既可解決工業區再造問題又能達到節能減碳的目標。 本文選定林口工二工業區作為個案，以其全面植樹之淨現值等資本預算方析及SWOT分析來說明其可行性，希望作為台灣工業區再造之參考。 / The industrial districts in Taiwan are facing the problem of land unused due to the movement of factories inside the district and the reason is that the old environmental facilities and the service of district center being unable to meet the request of factories with the change of external environment and industrial structure. How to regenerate these industrial districts becomes a critical issue. Using the measures which only focus on the improvement of environment and facilities can not solve the problem. On the other hand, to control and punish the heavy CO2 emission has been taken globally with the implement of Kyoto Protocol in order to ease the problem of climate warming on the earth. With the rapid rise of oil price, how to save the energy also becomes the hot issue. Taiwan island is with 0.4% of global population, compared with the high percent of 0.96% on the CO2 emission and the energy is imported mostly, as the member of the earth village, to save the energy and decrease the CO2 emission becomes the inevitable responsibility and important objective. Analyzing the possibility to plant the tree comprehensively to regenerate the old industrial district is the key point of this study, hoping to provide another kind of thinking on this issue, Moreover, to meet the goal of saving energy and decreasing CO2 emission. Based on the case study of Linko industrial district，the measure of NPV the kind of capital budget analysis and SWOT analysis are used as the reference to regenerate the old industrial district in Taiwan.

Esta tese de doutoramento está voltada ao estudo do Distrito Industrial de Joinville, importante centro industrial de Santa Catarina. Realiza uma avaliação crítica do Plano e Implantação do Distrito Industrial sob o ponto de vista dos resultados práticos obtidos, haja vista o seu quadro atual de sub-ocupação. A abordagem inicia com a discussão a respeito da origem dessa prática no Brasil por volta dos anos 70, fruto de uma política de desenvolvimento urbano via industrialização. Aponta, que por iniciativa dos Governos Federal e Estadual, foram criadas em muitas cidades fora de regiões já congestionadas como São Paulo, áreas dotadas de infra-estrutura básica e subsídios para implantação de unidades industriais, denominadas distritos industriais. Segue com a busca do referencial teórico demonstrando conhecimentos publicados acerca de novos padrões de localização industrial como resultado do processo de reestruturação produtiva em curso, reflexo da globalização. Procura esclarecer as diversas interpretações acerca do termo distrito industrial, situando o leitor quanto ao conceito brasileiro e quanto aos condicionantes técnicos e urbanísticos que eram observados na sua implantação. Posto o referencial teórico, o trabalho realiza uma abordagem sobre o processo de industrialização de Joinville, investigando a dinâmica industrial no território e o respectivo acompanhamento da legislação urbanística. Passa então a uma análise específica do Distrito Industrial de Joinville, da concepção à conseqüente regulamentação em 1975 até o processo gradual de implantação, atestando a limitação dessa prática urbanística comprovada pelos resultados tão abaixo do esperado num dos maiores pólos industriais do Sul do Brasil que representa Joinville. Finaliza com algumas diretrizes urbanísticas relativas à localização e promoção industrial no município. / The aim of this doctoral thesis is to study the Industrial District of Joinville, an important industrial center in Santa Catarina. It makes a critical evaluation of the Plan and Introduction of the Industrial District according to the practical results obtained, taking into account its current situation of reduced area occupation. The approach begins with the discussion about the origin of this practice in Brazil around the 1970s, as a result of an urban development policy by means of industrialization. It shows that, due to initiative of the federal and state governments, areas with basic infrastructure and subsidies for introduction of industrial units (called industrial districts) were created in many cities outside already crowded regions such as São Paulo. It continues with the search of the theoretical conditioning factor showing information published about the new patterns of industrial localization as a result of the process of productive restructuring in course as a reflection of globalization. The aim is to clarify several interpretations about the industrial district designation, giving an idea to the reader about the Brazilian concept and about the technical and urbanistic conditioning factors which were observed during its introduction. After explaining the theoretical conditioning factor, this paper makes an approach on the industrialization process in Joinville, investigating the industrial process in the territory and the respective follow-up of the urbanistic legislation. Afterwards it makes a specific analysis of the Industrial District of Joinville from its conception to the consequent regulation in 1975 up to the gradual introduction process, confirming the limitation of this urbanistic practice shown by the results which were so much under the level expected in one of the biggest industrial centers in the south of Brazil represented by Joinville. It ends by showing some urban guidelines concerned to the localization and industrial promotion in the municipality.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Hisgail de Almeida Nogueira.pdf: 9041971 bytes, checksum: 606c3c9bd04ceaa8f508da286f310f52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Motivated to evaluate the contribution of Local Productive Systems (LPSs) for the development of the localities in which they were implemented in the State of São Paulo, this study sought to prove based on the analysis of some of the leading authors of the theory of industrial location, in first, if this theory is the main theoretical support base for formulating the development program the Local Productive Systems in Brazil, particularly in the state of São Paulo experience . In the mid-2000s , before a change in the framework of international economic order, with the advent of neo-liberal assumptions, degradation of the Brazilian industrial base , and deterioration of the social relations of production in urban areas, great hope is putted on clusters as endogenous growth promoter and promotion of territoriality in which it operates , as of successful international experiences of the industrial districts of the Third Italy , and high-tech Silicon Valley and Route 128 districts , both in the US . From the processing and analysis data selected on the São Paulo LPSs Program and especially the case study on the implementation of clusters in the Greater ABC Region , it was found that despite the contributions , regional competitiveness as a development proposal is insufficient and not alone serve the needs and social interests historically determined in this region / Motivado em avaliar a contribuição do Programa de Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs) para o desenvolvimento nos territórios em que foram implementados no Estado de São Paulo, o presente trabalho procurou comprovar com base na análise de alguns dos principais estudiosos da teoria da localização industrial, que esta teoria é a principal base de sustentação para formulação do Programa de fomento a Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs) no Brasil, particularmente na experiência do Estado de São Paulo. Em meados dos anos 2000, frente a um quadro de mudança da ordem econômica internacional, com o advento dos pressupostos neoliberais, de degradação da base industrial brasileira, e de precarização das relações sociais de produção nas áreas urbanas, grande esperança é depositada nos APLs como promotor de crescimento endógeno e dinamização das territorialidades em que atua, a partir das exitosas experiências internacionais dos distritos industriais da Terceira Itália, dos distritos de alta tecnologia do Silicon Valley e da Route 128 nos EUA. A partir do tratamento e análise dos dados selecionados sobre o Programa Paulista de APLs e principalmente do estudo de caso sobre a implementação de projetos de APLs na Região do Grande ABC, constatou-se que apesar das contribuições, a competitividade regional como proposta de desenvolvimento é insuficiente e não responde por si só às necessidades e interesses sociais historicamente determinados nestas regiões

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-05-20T17:20:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 trajetoria_arranjo.pdf: 602304 bytes, checksum: 7168c468727cf4f7971909e1837632ce (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-20T17:20:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 trajetoria_arranjo.pdf: 602304 bytes, checksum: 7168c468727cf4f7971909e1837632ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Nenhuma / Esta dissertação analisou a trajetória calçadista do Estado de Goiás, especificamente, o APL de Goiânia-Goianira sob a leitura da teoria dos Aglomerados, Distritos Industriais, Clusters, Arranjos Produtivos Locais e sua evolução para Sistemas Produtivos e Inovativos Locais. A constituição e consolidação do Arranjo Produtivo Local de Goiânia-Goianira contribuíram sistematicamente para o desenvolvimento do Setor, e, das empresas que o compõe. Para obter tal confirmação, foram realizadas pesquisas qualitativas e quantitativas com empresários e atores envolvidos desde a concepção, desenvolvimento até a consolidação, a qual inseriu o setor calçadista Goiano entre os mais relevantes no cenário nacional. / This study examined the history of The State of Goias Footwear history, specifically, the local manufacturing systems of Goiania and Goianira cities under the reading of the Local Manufacturing Systems, Industrial Districts, Clusters Theories, and its evolution to Productive Systems and Innovative Places. The establishment and consolidation of the Local Productive Arrangement of Goiania-Goianira systematically contributed to the development of the sector, and the companies that make it up. To obtain such confirmation, we conducted qualitative and quantitative research with businessmen and stakeholders about the conception, development and consolidation, which entered the State of Goias Footwear Industry among the most relevant on the national scenery.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-06-19T18:00:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristiane Alves B.Martins.pdf: 495432 bytes, checksum: ff4c155d48b456e71903b89aba68f86a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-19T18:00:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristiane Alves B.Martins.pdf: 495432 bytes, checksum: ff4c155d48b456e71903b89aba68f86a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-19 / Nenhuma / A presente dissertação relata um breve apanhado de informações sobre as atividades econômicas desenvolvidas na cidade de Rio Grande, desde sua fundação em fevereiro de 1737, até a atualidade. Este estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar em que aspectos o atual ciclo econômico de Rio Grande decorrente do Polo Naval se difere dos anteriores. Os objetivos específicos visam: identificar os ciclos de desenvolvimento econômico ao longo da história de Rio Grande; verificar como foi implantada a indústria do Polo Naval na cidade de Rio Grande; e aferir as possíveis modificações na economia riograndina, após a implantação do Polo Naval de Rio Grande. Cabe destacar que o município já teve a economia baseada na agricultura e na pecuária durante seu período de formação. Contudo, destacava-se por ser um escoadouro da produção via portuária, inclusive no período das charqueadas, embora não tenha sediado indústrias do setor por dificuldades climáticas. Durante o período de formação da indústria local, sediou diversos ramos de atividades como têxtil, frigorífico, alimentício, refino de petróleo, pesqueiro e fertilizante. Atualmente, com a implantação do Polo Naval, conta como um Distrito Industrial diversificado, constituído de empresas de diversos setores, tais como de metalurgia, energia e química, madeireira, papel e celulose, serviços, alimentos e fertilizantes, além de contar com uma excelente estrutura portuária, capaz de escoar a produção agrícola e pecuária das diversas regiões do Rio Grande do Sul. / The dissertation herewith provides some brief information on the economic activities which are developed in the town of Rio Grande, from its foundation in February 1737 until presently. The overall aim of this study is to analyze how today’s economic cycle, which is based on the Naval Complex, differs from the previous ones. The specific aims intend to: identify the cycles of economic development throughout the history of Rio Grande; to see how the Naval Complex industry was started in the town of Rio Grande; and to check possible changes in the town’s economy after the start of the referred Naval Complex. It is worthwhile to point out that the town used to have its economy based on agriculture and cattle raising during the time of its formation. However, Rio Grande used to stand out as a harbour outlet of the local produce back then, which included the period of the jerked beef business, although the town did not host any industries of the latter business sector due to local climate constraints. During the period of the local industry formation, the town hosted a diversified industry such as textiles, meatpacking, food, oil refining, fishing, as well as fertilizers. Nowadays, with the establishment of the Naval Complex, Rio Grande holds a diversified Industrial District, which comprises companies of several sectors, such as metallurgy, energy, chemicals, wood, paper and cellulose, services, food, and fertilizers, as well as hosting an excellent harbor structure, capable of outletting the farm and cattle raising produce from all over the state of Rio Grande do Sul.

Esta tese de doutoramento está voltada ao estudo do Distrito Industrial de Joinville, importante centro industrial de Santa Catarina. Realiza uma avaliação crítica do Plano e Implantação do Distrito Industrial sob o ponto de vista dos resultados práticos obtidos, haja vista o seu quadro atual de sub-ocupação. A abordagem inicia com a discussão a respeito da origem dessa prática no Brasil por volta dos anos 70, fruto de uma política de desenvolvimento urbano via industrialização. Aponta, que por iniciativa dos Governos Federal e Estadual, foram criadas em muitas cidades fora de regiões já congestionadas como São Paulo, áreas dotadas de infra-estrutura básica e subsídios para implantação de unidades industriais, denominadas distritos industriais. Segue com a busca do referencial teórico demonstrando conhecimentos publicados acerca de novos padrões de localização industrial como resultado do processo de reestruturação produtiva em curso, reflexo da globalização. Procura esclarecer as diversas interpretações acerca do termo distrito industrial, situando o leitor quanto ao conceito brasileiro e quanto aos condicionantes técnicos e urbanísticos que eram observados na sua implantação. Posto o referencial teórico, o trabalho realiza uma abordagem sobre o processo de industrialização de Joinville, investigando a dinâmica industrial no território e o respectivo acompanhamento da legislação urbanística. Passa então a uma análise específica do Distrito Industrial de Joinville, da concepção à conseqüente regulamentação em 1975 até o processo gradual de implantação, atestando a limitação dessa prática urbanística comprovada pelos resultados tão abaixo do esperado num dos maiores pólos industriais do Sul do Brasil que representa Joinville. Finaliza com algumas diretrizes urbanísticas relativas à localização e promoção industrial no município. / The aim of this doctoral thesis is to study the Industrial District of Joinville, an important industrial center in Santa Catarina. It makes a critical evaluation of the Plan and Introduction of the Industrial District according to the practical results obtained, taking into account its current situation of reduced area occupation. The approach begins with the discussion about the origin of this practice in Brazil around the 1970s, as a result of an urban development policy by means of industrialization. It shows that, due to initiative of the federal and state governments, areas with basic infrastructure and subsidies for introduction of industrial units (called industrial districts) were created in many cities outside already crowded regions such as São Paulo. It continues with the search of the theoretical conditioning factor showing information published about the new patterns of industrial localization as a result of the process of productive restructuring in course as a reflection of globalization. The aim is to clarify several interpretations about the industrial district designation, giving an idea to the reader about the Brazilian concept and about the technical and urbanistic conditioning factors which were observed during its introduction. After explaining the theoretical conditioning factor, this paper makes an approach on the industrialization process in Joinville, investigating the industrial process in the territory and the respective follow-up of the urbanistic legislation. Afterwards it makes a specific analysis of the Industrial District of Joinville from its conception to the consequent regulation in 1975 up to the gradual introduction process, confirming the limitation of this urbanistic practice shown by the results which were so much under the level expected in one of the biggest industrial centers in the south of Brazil represented by Joinville. It ends by showing some urban guidelines concerned to the localization and industrial promotion in the municipality.

The problem of under-utilized spaces has become an important problem of cities during the last decades. In rapidly urbanizing cities, especially in the city centers where the early city settlement or old town was situated, many urban and industrial functions have moved out leaving behind abandoned or under-utilized. These spaces, due to political, economical, cultural and spatial reasons, could neither undergo healthy urban transformation process nor be reused. Such spaces pose problems to contemporary urban planning and architecture. This thesis takes up the problem of under-utilized space exemplified in the inner city of Ankara, where a large stock of land is public property. The thesis defines the problem of under-utilized space and analyzes the causes for their emergence. The aim of the study is to understand the urban character of under-utilized part of the old industrial district, which is one of the most important districts in the city center of Ankara, and develop urban transformation approaches in particular for the old industrial district as well as for similar urban areas. The thesis focuses on the urban design dimension of transformation process. Urban design as a public policy makes important contributions in solving urban problems. The thesis develops some urban design principles in accordance with some spatial, functional and social concerns in order to redevelop the old industrial district. With this contribution the study emphasizes the importance of urban design as a tool which can be utilized in the urban transformation process by urban planners and architects.

Submitted by Geyciane Santos (geyciane_thamires@hotmail.com) on 2015-07-27T14:11:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Luizete Maria da Silva Maia.pdf: 2867206 bytes, checksum: bc97a0ed12733ca3a391ea7aed50a9b2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-07-28T14:42:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Luizete Maria da Silva Maia.pdf: 2867206 bytes, checksum: bc97a0ed12733ca3a391ea7aed50a9b2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-07-28T14:48:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Luizete Maria da Silva Maia.pdf: 2867206 bytes, checksum: bc97a0ed12733ca3a391ea7aed50a9b2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-28T14:48:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Luizete Maria da Silva Maia.pdf: 2867206 bytes, checksum: bc97a0ed12733ca3a391ea7aed50a9b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-01 / Não informada / The Industrial District that appeared with the creation of the Supervision of the Zona Franca of Manaus - SUFRAMA, exactly possessing a planning with an daily pay-established Managing Plan, is concern reason how much its occupation mainly in relation to the Ambient Legislation of the country. The Industrial district meets busy total, however, the sector of expansion of the Industrial District, that is contiguous to District 1 and of it being part, meets in occupation phase. With the objective to verify if this occupation take care of to the one that establish the Environmental Laws, was found for good to proceed this study. To reach established objectives how much to the identification of the use and covering of the ground and the areas of permanent preservation with the use of techniques of remote sensorial and systems of geographic information, several techniques had been used. The principle had been used the images of satellite CBERS-CCD, acquired of the INPE, that first was having as base the letters of limit, water courses and arruaments of the District. Later, in the composed image for the bands, 3, 4 and 2 of satellite CBERS, identified areas of training, whose use and occupation if had knowledge what it made possible use of classifying algorithms PJPED, MINDIST and MAXLIKE, existing in software IDRISI Kilimanjaro. Later, after analysis of the gotten thematic maps, if concluded that the classifier that better inspiration the studied region was the MAXLIKE. To the map acquired for this method, it became junction of other information on the area, as busy lots for companies and of the lot destined to a unit of ambient conservation, resulting in the thematic map of use and covering of the ground, of which if it can get as resulted that 50.42% of its area are busy for Dense Forest; 4,07% for constructions; 12,12% are atrophic area; 31,36% are vegetation of regeneration and 2.03% for irregular occupation. To follow, with the use of existing resources in software ArcView and IDRISI Kilimanjaro some procedures in the letters of level curves and courses of water, what it allowed to get maps in which if can conclude that, how much to the rise of the land in study had been executed, do not have no area with superior declivity 45%, that they would be the areas with use restriction on the basis of the Ambient Legislation. How much to the Thematic Map of Permanent Preservation in relation to the water course that resulted in use conflicts, it allowed to identify that for the total area of 5.760 it has the area of 97,82 only has possess use conflicts. After this results concluded that image used in this studies, with resolution space of 20 meters, that resulted in the Map of Use and Covering of the Ground, Map of Preservation and Map of Conflicts of Use made possible to get of form satisfactory resulted that they are the same with that was verified one in the place, that the area with use conflicts is minimum in relation to the total size of the area of the Expansion of the DI and that, for sectors that they possess planning for air occupation that they are on its responsibility, as it is the case of the area of studies, is perfectly viable that the occupation if gives in perfect accord with the Ambient Legislation in vigor and that the Suframa makes use of resources that allow to monitor the occupation of the Sector of Expansion of the DI, will be able to remain promoting the regional development with the preservation of the nature. / O Distrito Industrial de Manaus, que surgiu com a criação da Superintendência da Zona Franca da Manaus – SUFRAMA, mesmo possuindo um planejamento com um Plano Diretor pré-estabelecido, é motivo de preocupação quanto a sua ocupação principalmente em relação à Legislação Ambiental do País. O Distrito Industrial 1 encontra-se totalmente ocupado, porém o Setor de Expansão do Distrito Industrial, que é contíguo ao Distrito 1 e dele fazendo parte, encontra-se em fase de ocupação. Com o objetivo de verificar se essa ocupação atende ao que estabelecem as Leis Ambientais, achou-se por bem proceder esse estudo. Para se atingir os objetivos estabelecidos quanto à identificação do uso e cobertura do solo e das áreas de preservação permanente com a utilização de técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e sistemas de informações geográficas, várias técnicas foram utilizadas. A princípio foram utilizadas as imagens do satélite CBERS – CCD, adquiridas do INPE, que primeiramente foi georreferenciada tendo como base as cartas de limite, cursos d’água e arruamento do Distrito. Posteriormente, na imagem composta pelas bandas 3, 4 e 2 do satélite CBERS, identificou-se áreas de treinamento, cujo uso e ocupação se tinha conhecimento, o que possibilitou a utilização dos algoritmos classificadores PIPED, MINDIST e MAXLIKE, existentes no software IDRISI Kilimanjaro. Posteriormente, após análise dos mapas temáticos obtido, se concluiu que o classificador que melhor espelhou a região estudada foi o MAXLIKE. Ao mapa adquirido por este método, fez-se a junção de outras informações sobre a área, como lotes ocupados por empresas e do lote destinado a uma unidade de conservação ambiental, resultando no Mapa Temático de Uso e Cobertura do Solo, do qual se pode obter como resultado que 50,42% de sua área é ocupada por Floresta Densa, 4,07 % por Construções, 12,12% é Área Antropizada, 31,36% é Vegetação de Regeneração e 2,03% por Ocupação Irregular. A seguir, com a utilização de recursos existentes no software ArcView e IDRISI Kilimanjaro foram executados vários procedimentos nas cartas de curvas de nível e cursos d’água, o que permitiu obter mapas nos quais se pôde concluir que, quanto à elevação do terreno em estudo, não há nenhuma área com declividade superior a 45°, que seriam as áreas com restrição de uso com base na Legislação Ambiental. Quanto ao Mapa Temático de Preservação Permanente em relação ao curso d’água, que resultou no Mapa de Conflitos de Uso, permitiu identificar que para a área total de 5.760 ha., somente a área de 97,82 ha. possui conflitos de uso. Após estes resultados concluiu-se que a imagem utilizada nestes estudos, com resolução espacial de 20 metros, que resultou no Mapa de Uso e Cobertura do Solo, Mapa de Preservação Permanente e Mapa de Conflitos de Uso possibilitou obter de forma satisfatória resultados que são condizentes com o verificado no local, que a área com conflitos de uso é mínima em relação ao tamanho total da área da Expansão do DI e que, para setores que possuem planejamento para ocupação de áreas que estão sobre a sua responsabilidade, como é o caso da área de estudos, é perfeitamente viável que a ocupação se dê em perfeita consonância com a Legislação Ambiental em vigor, e que a SUFRAMA, que dispõe de recursos que permitem monitorar a ocupação do Setor de Expansão do DI poderá permanecer promovendo o desenvolvimento regional com a preservação da natureza.

Cette recherche doctorale porte sur les mutations diverses qui s’opèrent aujourd’hui à Bat Trang, un village de métier au Vietnam. Comme d’autres économies en transition, le Vietnam est entré dans une phase de transition, marquée par son ouverture à l’économie internationale et son inscription au marché mondial. Dans ce contexte, nous cherchons à comprendre les mutations induites lors du passage d’une économie planifiée à une économie de marché et à montrer la spécificité de l’agglomération industrielle du district de Bat Trang. Pour ce faire, il convient d’étudier la dynamique sociale des acteurs politiques, économiques, institutionnels et sociaux qui forment la configuration de Bat Trang. La reconstitution de l’évolution des relations articulées entre ces acteurs permettra d’éclairer les mutations de Bat Trang. En suivant une approche socio-anthropologique et en nous référant à la théorie des districts industriels, nous avons procédé à une analyse approfondie de la mutation de Bat Trang sur la dimension tant politique qu’organisationnelle. Le village de métier de Bat Trang constitue un véritable modèle de transition portant des ruptures et des continuités par rapport à son système antérieur. A l’aide de la théorie sociologique de Norbet Elias, nous avons reconstitué le jeu entre les différents acteurs (sociaux, économiques et institutionnels) qui structurent le développement de Bat Trang, en montrant la dynamique de leur interaction constante. À travers l’étude de Bat Trang, nous avons aussi mesuré l’originalité d’une forme d’agglomération industrielle au Vietnam. Pour nous, Bat Trang, c’est tout d’abord une zone traditionnelle qui a su s’appuyer sur son savoir-faire et son organisation traditionnelle ; qui a su surmonter ses handicaps pour promouvoir l’adaptation de toutes ses activités. Bien qu’il existe très peu d’aides des autorités locales, les entreprises de la zone sont en train d’opérer une conversion de leur technologie par un remplacement (des fours à charbon par des fours à gaz) ou une adaptation (invention de nouveaux fours à gaz). Les nouveaux acteurs introduits dans le système (club, association) ont pour tâche principale de fournir une assistance aux entreprises qui peuvent ainsi créer de nouvelles filières d’activités et trouver de nouveaux débouchés de commercialisation. Bat Trang constitue également une zone en cours d’institutionnalisation qui se manifeste par la création de la zone industrielle et d’un centre de formation professionnelle. La transformation profonde de Bat Trang amène les artisans à se tourner vers une production plus industrialisée. Au cours des dernières années, la zone de Bat Trang a reçu, à l’évidence, un appui important des autorités locales, qui ont lancé des actions de politique locale. Nous avons également pris en compte des nouveaux phénomènes qui exercent une certaine influence, négative ou positive, sur le développement de la zone de Bat Trang : délocalisation des activités, faible capacité d’innovation du district, les liens avec la R&D, marketing etc. Pour résoudre les problèmes auxquels la zone est confrontée aujourd’hui, il faudrait une mobilisation des ressources internes et externes pour développer une synergie locale. / This doctoral research focuses on the various changes taking place today in Bat Trang, a craft village in Vietnam. Like other transition economies, Vietnam is entering the transition period, marking its openness to international economy and its entry in the global market. In this context, we seek to understand the changes induced during the transition from a planned economy to a market one and to show the specificity of industrial district Bat Trang. To do this, it is necessary to study the social dynamics of political, economic, institutional and social settings that shape the Bat Trang. The reconstruction of the evolving relationship between these articulated actors will illuminate the changes in Bat Trang. Following a socio-anthropological approach and referring to the theory of industrial districts, we were able to carry out a thorough analysis on the mutation of Bat Trang on both political and organizational dimension. The craft village Bat Trang really constitutes a model of transition having the discontinuities and continuities from its old system. With the help of sociological theory of Norbet Elias, we were able to reconstruct the interplay between different actors (social, economic and institutional) that structure the development of Bat Trang, showing dynamics of their interaction. Through our study in Bat Trang, we could also measure the originality of a form of industrial agglomeration in Vietnam. For us, firstly, Bat Trang is a traditional area where people know how to mobilize its expertise and its traditional organization; to overcome its handicaps and to promote an adaptation of its activities. Although there is very little help from the local authority, the firms are in the process of making a technological conversion by either a replacement (from coal-fired kilns to Liquid Petroleum Gas kilns - LPG kilns) or an adaptation (invention new LPG kiln). New introduced actors (clubs, associations) whose main task is to provide technical assistance to firms can create new activities and figure out new outlets for marketing. Bat Trang is also an area being institutionalized as manifested by the presence of the industrial and vocational training center. It lives a profound transformation in which the artisans are turning to a more industrialized production. In recent years, it is clear that the Bat Trang receives substantial support from local politics. Of course, we must take into account new phenomena in Bat Trang that exert some influence (negative or positive) on this area development. This is the relocation of activities, low innovation capacity in the industrial district, the weak link to R & D, marketing, etc. To all resolve, it requires mobilization of internal and external resources for a local synergy.