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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A violência da linguagem na inscrição psíquica no infans

Carpes, Maria Cristina January 2018 (has links)
RÉSUMÉ Cette thèse essaye d'analyser la violence du langage dans la constitution psychique de l'infans, comme opérateur nécessaire pour l'entrée du langage dans l´infans et sa constitution en tant que sujet de désir. La violence du langage en question est la langue maternelle qui se joint à l'infans, comme un excès, que on affecte et impose des changements, mais aussi exige un travail psychique pour rendre compte de ce qui se passe et que on constitue. Dans cette analyse, il y a un chemin métapsychologique des concepts psychanalytiques de traumatismes, pulsion et de représentation, pour présenter à l'analyse lalangue - concept introduit par Lacan – comme de l'ordre de la violence du langage, où la mère vocalise au infans les excès d'une langue dans lequel le réel forclus le sens de la parole. La violence du langage est également analysée du point de vue de Piera Aulagnier. La violence primaire se passe dans un moment de la vie de l´infans, où il n'y a pas d'entrée du signifiant maternelle, car dans le processus d'origine il n'y a pas de trace, il y a impression. Lá on pourrait penser à un moment du fonctionnement psychique, où le réel montre une prédominance de la présence, dans l'action constante. En plus des liens théoriques, il a été également présenté des fragments cliniques pour montrer l'émergence de la violence du langage dans l'espace psychanalytique, ainsi que les opérateurs cliniques pour travailler avec le reel de la langue. / Submitted by Maria Cristina Carpes (maria.carpes@unisul.br) on 2018-09-30T01:24:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 805 bytes, checksum: c4c98de35c20c53220c07884f4def27c (MD5) Maria_Carpes.pdf: 1811099 bytes, checksum: cf52b42de422b32dc9781c5d8a7f69e4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josilaine Aparecida Mozer (josilaine.mozer@unisul.br) on 2018-10-02T13:06:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 805 bytes, checksum: c4c98de35c20c53220c07884f4def27c (MD5) Maria_Carpes.pdf: 1811099 bytes, checksum: cf52b42de422b32dc9781c5d8a7f69e4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-02T13:06:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 805 bytes, checksum: c4c98de35c20c53220c07884f4def27c (MD5) Maria_Carpes.pdf: 1811099 bytes, checksum: cf52b42de422b32dc9781c5d8a7f69e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 / RESUMO Esta tese trata de analisar a violência da linguagem na constituição psíquica do infans, como um operador necessário para o ingresso da linguagem no infans e a sua constituição como sujeito de desejo. A violência da linguagem, em questão, é a linguagem materna que ingressa no infans, como um excesso, que o afeta e impõe modificações, como também, exige um trabalho psíquico para dar conta disso que lhe acontece e que o constitui. Nesta análise, faz-se um percurso metapsicológico dos conceitos psicanalíticos do trauma, pulsão e representação, para apresentar à análise a lalangue – conceito introduzido por Lacan – como da ordem da violência da linguagem, em que a mãe vocaliza ao infans os excessos de uma língua materna, em que o real forclui o sentido da fala. A violência da linguagem também é analisada na perspectiva de Piera Aulagnier. A violência primária ocorre num momento da vida do infans em que não há ingresso do significante materno, pois, no processo originário, não há traço, há impressão. Aí se pôde pensar em um momento de funcionamento psíquico, em que o real se mostra numa predominância da presença, em constante ação. Além das articulações teóricas, também são apresentados fragmentos clínicos, para mostrar a emergência da violência da linguagem no espaço psicanalítico, além dos operadores clínicos para operar com o real da língua.
2

A estruturação psíquica nos autismos: o enodamento entre real, simbólico e imaginário

Santos, Dayanna Pereira dos 19 June 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-07-04T14:58:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Dayanna Pereira dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 1204991 bytes, checksum: 3e16249e3da033699ec016599fe81923 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-07-05T10:33:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Dayanna Pereira dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 1204991 bytes, checksum: 3e16249e3da033699ec016599fe81923 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-05T10:33:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Dayanna Pereira dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 1204991 bytes, checksum: 3e16249e3da033699ec016599fe81923 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-19 / This research investigates the process o f psychic elaboration o f what is con1monly referred to as passage from the infans to the speaker, considered, fro1n the point of view of this thesis, a structuring operation, in which there is a subjective initiurn dependent on the speech function. The analysis starts from the initial texts ofFreud and the theory ofknots at the end ofLacanian teaching in arder to deal with the subjective structuring and, thus, to penetrate the particularities o f autism. This investigative exercise brings the concepts o f drive, unary trait, lalangue, Real, Syrnbolic and Imaginary with a view to explaining that the baby's body suffers the incidence of the brand generated by maternal c are. In these conditions, in order for the infans to leave the category o f pure organism and humanize itself, it 1nust ally itself with the signifiers from the Other. Along with this question, we present the subjective structure supporied by the braiding between Real, Symbolic and Imaginary whose incidence o f lapses in its structuring is capable o f producing effects such as autism. To investigate this complex elaboration, we start with the following questions: Can the effect ofthe other1 s speech on the child's body result in drifting speech? Is it possible for the autistic child to be in language, even without the function of speech? In this context, we approach the subjective constitution under the logic of the Borromean node and the RSI braid, evidencing the synchronic structure o f the subj ective constitution and the necessity o f a fourth link for its 1nooring. Given that autistic individuais are revealing of such impasses, we have made some considerations about the understanding that node failures will only be differentiated after the repair oftheir lapses with the fourth link. Such a proposition emphasizes a non-fixation of the psychic structure in childhood. We argue, finally, that the autistic child is in language, is subject to it, even i f the signifier is erased in relation to the sign. In addition, in arder to analyze issues related to the treat1nent ofyoung children in autism, vve chose to present the Nadia case, conducted and described by Rosine Lefort. Taking into account the context of Law 13.438 I 2017, this analysis evidenced the need to search for nevv conjectures about the tiine and devices involved in both the diagnosis and treatment o f children. This is because the establishn1ent o f a closed diagnosis can have negative effects when fixing the idea o f the disease in place o f the treatment. Therefore, we reitera te that our comn1itn1ent to the psychoanalytic treatn1ent ofthe autistic child is about the extraction ofthe object as a way of access in the relation between it and the analyst, privileging the movetnent of the significant network, the causation of a double, the instauration of a body iinage and, or the forn1ulation o f an object o f substitution. / Esta pesquisa investiga o processo de elaboração psíquica do que se denonlina comun1ente como passagen1 do infans ao falante, considerada, sob o ponto de vista desta tese, uma operação de estruturação, e1n que há un1 initiun1 subjetivo dependente da função da fala. A análise parte dos textos iniciais de Freud e da teoria dos nós no final do ensino lacaniano com o intuito de tratar da estruturação subjetiva e, assin1, adentrar nas particularidades dos autismos. Esse exercício investigativo traz os conceitos de pulsão, traço unário, lalangue, Real, Simbólico e In1aginário com vistas a explicitar que o organisn1o do bebê sofre a incidência da marca gerada pelos cuidados 1naternos. Nessas condições) para que o infans saia da categoria de puro organismo e se humanize, é preciso que ele se aliene aos significantes vindos do Outro. A par dessa questão, apresentan1os a estruturação subjetiva suportada pelo trançarnento entre Real, Siinbólico e Imaginário cuja incidência de lapsos en1 sua estruturação é capaz de produzir efeitos corno os autisrnos. Para investigar essa complexa elaboração, partimos dos seguintes questionamentos: O efeito da fala do outro sobre o corpo da criança pode resultar em un1a fala à deriva? É possível a criança autista estar na linguagem, n1esmo sem a função da fala? Nesse contexto, abordan1os a constituição subjetiva sob a lógica do nó borromeano e da trança RSI, evidenciando a estrutura sincrônica da constituição subjetiva e a necessidade de um quarto elo para sua amarração. Tendo em vista que os autistas são reveladores de tais impasses, tecemos algumas considerações acerca do entendimento de que as falhas do nó apenas serão diferenciadas depois do reparo de seus lapsos com o quarto elo. Tal proposição enfatiza uma não-fixação da estrutura psíquica na infância. Defendemos, por fim, que a criança autista está na linguagem, assujeita-se a ela, mesmo que d significante seja apagado em relação ao signo. Além disso, com a finalidade de analisarmos questões vinculadas ao tratamento de crianças pequenas em vias de autismo optamos por apresentar o caso Nádia, conduzido e descrito por Rosine Lefort. Levando em consideração o contexto da Lei 13.438/2017, essa análise evidenciou a necessidade da busca por novas conjecturas acerca do tempo e dos dispositivos implicados tanto no diagnóstico quanto no tratamento das crianças. Isso porque o estabelecimento de um diagnóstico fechado pode causar efeitos negativos ao fixar a ideia da doença no lugar do tratamento. Logo, reiteratnos que nossa aposta para o tratamento psicanalítico da criança autista versa sobre a extração do objeto con1o via de acesso na relação entre ela e o analista, privilegiando o movimento da rede significante, a causação de um duplo, a instauração de uma imagem corporal e, ou a formulação de um objeto de suplência.
3

Child participation and representation in legal matters

De Bruin, David Wegeling 20 August 2011 (has links)
The child’s participation in any legal matter involving him/her is crucial whether received directly or indirectly through a legal representative. The significance of the child’s views in legal matters is accepted internationally and is entrenched in South African law. This is the main feature of the present research. In Roman law the paterfamilias was the complete antithesis of the best interest of the child with his paternal power entirely serving his own interests. The best interests of the child progressively improved his/her participatory rights and the dominance of paternal authority in Roman, Germanic, and Frankish law eventually gave way to parental authority and assistance in Roman-Dutch law. This advanced the child’s participation in legal matters and under Roman-Dutch law, his/her right of participation included legal representation by way of a curator ad litem. The child’s best interests were consistently viewed from an adult’s perspective and resulted in an adult-centred assessment of his/her best interests. Statutory intervention increased the child’s participatory and representation rights, however, the tenor of these items of legislation remained parent-centred. The Appeal Court later dispelled any uncertainty regarding the paramountcy with respect to the best interests of the child. During the 1970s in South Africa, the emphasis began shifting from a parent-centred to a child-centred approach in litigation between parents in cases involving their children. An open-ended list of factors comprising the best interests of the child accentuated this shift. Courts were encouraged to apply the paramountcy rule in legal matters concerning children and to consider the views of children in determining their best interests. The new democratic constitutional dispensation in South Africa, followed by the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the African Charter, obligated South Africa to align children’s rights with international law and standards. The South African Law Reform Commission set out to investigate and to formulate a single comprehensive children’s statute. The resultant Children’s Act 38 of 2005 is the most important item of legislation for children in private law in South Africa. The Children’s Act provides for the widest possible form of child participation in legal matters involving the child. It revolutionises child participation requiring no lower age limit as a determining factor when allowing the child, able to form a view, to express that view. The child’s right to access a court and to be assisted in doing so further enhances his/her participatory right. Effective legal representation is the key in ensuring that children enjoy the fundamental right of participation equal to that of adults in legal matters involving children. Comparative research of child laws in Australia, Kenya, New Zealand and United Kingdom confirms that South Africa is well on the way in enhancing children’s participatory and legal representation rights in legal matters concerning them. This illustrates that only the child’s best interests should serve as a requirement for the legal representation of children in legal matters. Continued training is essential to ensure the implementation of the Children’s Act and requires a concerted effort from all role-players. / Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Private Law / unrestricted

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