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Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in human neonatal blood.January 1999 (has links)
Yau Fung-wan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-183). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.iii / Publications --- p.iv / Abbreviations --- p.vii / Appendix Some cell surface antigens expressed on hematopoietic cells --- p.ix / Abstract --- p.x / Chapter Chapter One --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Section A --- Sources of blood stem cells for transplantation --- p.1 / Chapter Section B --- Hematopoiesis --- p.7 / Chapter Section C --- Human CD34+ blood cells --- p.15 / Chapter Section D --- Human stem and progenitor cells in neonates --- p.19 / Chapter Section E --- Methods of CD34 detection --- p.23 / Chapter Section F --- Adhesion molecule: migratory properties of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells --- p.33 / Chapter Section G --- Project objectives --- p.37 / Chapter Chapter Two --- Materials and Methods --- p.38 / Chapter Section A --- Quality and quantity of CD34+ cells in neonatal blood --- p.38 / Chapter Section B --- Kinetics of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cellsin human neonatal blood after birth --- p.48 / Chapter Section C --- Enumeration of long term culture initiating cells by limiting dilution assay --- p.56 / Chapter Chapter Three --- Results & Discussion --- p.61 / Chapter Section A --- Characterization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in neonatal blood --- p.61 / Results --- p.61 / Discussion --- p.78 / Chapter Section B --- Kinetics of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cellsin neonatal blood --- p.88 / Results --- p.88 / Discussion --- p.119 / Chapter Section C --- Comparison of CD34+ cell enumeration by flow cytometry using two antibodies and two protocols --- p.125 / Results --- p.125 / Discussion --- p.129 / Conclusion --- p.131 / Future prospective --- p.133 / References --- p.134
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Estimativa da perda auditiva em neonatos nascidos em hospitais municipais de São Paulo / Estimation of hearing loss in newborns in São Paulo city hospitalsStadulni, Andréia Rodrigues Parnoff 05 March 2013 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2013-03-05 / Introduction: After neonatal hearing screening became mandatory in Brazil, further
scientific studies are relevant in order to draw a profile of the newborns diagnosed
with hearing loss across the country. Purpose: To estimate hearing loss in infants
born at municipal hospitals in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. Methods: Participants were
37,479 infants born at 11 municipal hospitals in São Paulo between October 2010
and October 2011, who resided in the Southeast, Midwest, North or South regions of
the city. Subjects who failed the universal neonatal hearing screening (UNHS) were
referred to hearing health reference centers for audiological diagnosis, and those
with sensorineural hearing loss were genetically assessed. Results: From a total of
182,986 births in the city of São Paulo, 37,479 (20.48%) occurred at the 11 municipal
hospitals considered and were selected for this study. Of all the newborns referred
for audiological diagnosis (76/37,479=0.2%), 76.3% (58/76) concluded the diagnostic
process, with a follow-up loss of 23.69%. From those who concluded the process,
50% presented normal results, 29.3% had conductive hearing loss, 19% had bilateral
sensorineural hearing loss, and 1.7% presented unilateral sensorineural hearing loss.
The estimated prevalence of hearing loss is 0.10%, with a 95% confidence interval
given by [0.07%; 0.14%]. From the subjects who were genetically assessed 5
(55.5%) did not present 35delG mutation, 2 (22.2%) are still under investigation for
syndromes (including one for Waardenburg and one for congenital hypothyroidism),
1 (11.15%) had probable hereditary hearing loss due to consanguineous parents,
and 1 (11.15%) were homozygous for c.35delG mutation. Conclusion: The
estimated hearing loss for the city of São Paulo, Brazil, is equivalent to those of
developed countries / Introdução: após a obrigatoriedade da triagem auditiva neonatal no Brasil, estudos
científicos são pertinentes para que se possa traçar um perfil dos neonatos que
estão sendo diagnosticados com deficiência auditiva no país. Objetivo: Estimar a
perda auditiva (PA) em neonatos nascidos em Hospitais Municipais de São Paulo.
Método: Fizeram parte da casuística desta pesquisa 37.479 neonatos nascidos em
11 hospitais municipais de São Paulo, residentes nas regiões sudeste, centro oeste,
norte e sul, no período de outubro de 2010 a outubro de 2011. Destes, os com falha
na Triagem Auditiva Neonatal Universal (TANU) eram encaminhados para os
Centros de referência em saúde auditiva para diagnóstico audiológico e os com
perda auditiva sensorioneural (PASN) realizavam avaliação genética. Resultados:
do total de 182.986 nascimentos no município de São Paulo, 37.479 (20,48%)
nasceram em 11 Hospitais Municipais ou conveniados e participaram da presente
pesquisa. Do total de neonatos encaminhados para diagnóstico audiológico 0,2%
(76/37.479), 76,3% (58/76) concluíram o diagnóstico, sendo que o número de PA no
seguimento (follow up) foi de (23,69%). Dos que concluíram o diagnóstico
audiológico 50% tiveram resultados dentro da normalidade, 29,3% perdas
condutivas, 19% PASN bilaterais e 1,7% PASN unilateral. A estimativa da
prevalência de PA é 0,01%. Um intervalo de 95% de confiança para essa estimativa
é dado por [0,07%; 0,14%]. Dos pacientes que realizaram análise genética, 55,5%
não apresentaram alterações para o teste mutação c.35delG, 22,2% permanecem
em investigação de síndromes, sendo um de Waardenburg e outro com
hipotireoidismo congênito; 11,15% a provável causa da PA é hereditária, pois os
pais são consanguíneos, e 11,15% foi identificada mutação c.35delG em
homozigose. Conclusão: a estimativa da deficiência auditiva no Município de São
Paulo se equipara a de países desenvolvidos
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Differential gene expression during neonatal myocardial development revealed by suppression subtractive hybridization & expressed sequence tag sequencing. / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collectionJanuary 2000 (has links)
Stephen Siu-chung Chim. / "June 2000." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-166). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.
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An epidemiological study on the physical measurements of local Chinese newborns. / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collection / Digital dissertation consortiumJanuary 2000 (has links)
So Hung-kwan. / "August 2000." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 251-23). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.
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Effects of lung injury on neonatal thrombocytopoiesis. / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collectionJanuary 2002 (has links)
Yang Jie. / "January, 2002." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 204-250). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.
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Exposição neonatal ao etinilestradiol aumenta o crescimento da próstata ventral e promove a hiperplasia epitelial e inflamação em gerbilos machos adultosFalleiros Junior, Luiz Roberto 28 September 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-09-28 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo - FAPESP / The prostate is an accessory gland of genital system responsible for producing an alkaline liquid which ensures sperm survival and capacitation. Its development occurs under the influence of an androgen and estrogen regulated and precise control, so sensible interferences may predispose this gland to developing diseases such as benign prostatic hyperplasia and cancer during adult and senile life. Inappropriate exposure to exogenous estrogens in embryonic and neonatal development period has been related to permanent disturbances in morphophysiology of various organs of the male reproductive system. Epidemiological studies indicate that men who were exposed to estrogenic compounds during intrauterine and neonatal development had higher probability of infertility and testicular and prostate cancer. Until now, it is not possible to say whether there are intrinsic factors of development that may predispose prostatic gland to the development of cancer with age. However, as early exposure to steroid hormones can permanently alter various reproductive organs, it is questionable whether such agents may interfere in the prostate structure and physiology. Based on these reports, the aim of this study was to analyze morphologically the ventral prostate of adult gerbils exposed to ethynylestradiol (EE) during the first week of prenatal development. To this, we employed morphological, stereological-morphometrical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural methods. The results showed that the postnatal exposure to EE duplicated the prostatic complex weight, increasing the relative frequency of epithelial and stromal compartments, besides the secretory activity of the ventral lobe of the prostate. All glands exposed to EE showed strong stromal reshuffling and some foci of epithelial hyperplasia and inflammatory infiltrated in both luminal and epithelial or stromal compartments. Cells positive for AR and PCNA increased into the epithelial and stromal tissues. ERα-positive cells, which are normally found into stromal compartment of intact prostates, were frequently observed in the prostatic epithelial of treated animals. This study demonstrated that the exposure to EE during the postnatal development causes histophysiological alterations of this gland, predisposing to the development of prostatic lesions during life. These results are important taking account public health, considering the EE has been largely used by women worldwide. Moreover, the bioaccumulation of this chemical has been increased in different ecosystems. / A próstata é uma glândula acessória do sistema genital responsável pela produção de um líquido alcalino que garante a capacitação e sobrevivência dos espermatozóides. O seu desenvolvimento ocorre sob influência de um controle androgênico e estrogênico regulado e preciso, de forma que sensíveis interferências podem predispor esta glândula a desenvolver doenças como hiperplasia prostática benigna e câncer durante a vida adulta e senil. A exposição inapropriada a estrógenos exógenos no período de desenvolvimento embrionário e neonatal tem sido relacionada a distúrbios permanentes na morfofisiologia de vários órgãos do sistema reprodutor masculino. Estudos epidemiológicos indicam que homens que foram expostos a componentes estrogênicos durante o desenvolvimento intra-uterino e neonatal apresentaram maior probabilidade de ocorrência de infertilidade e de câncer de testículo e próstata. Até o momento, não é possível afirmar se existem fatores intrínsecos do desenvolvimento que podem predispor a glândula prostática ao desenvolvimento de câncer com a idade. Porém, como a exposição precoce a hormônios esteróides é capaz de alterar permanentemente vários órgãos reprodutivos, torna-se questionável se esses agentes também podem interferir na estrutura e fisiologia prostática. Com base nesses relatos, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar morfologicamente a próstata ventral de gerbilos adultos expostos ao ethynylestradiol (EE) durante a primeira semana de desenvolvimento pós-natal. Para isso, foram empregados métodos morfológicos, morfométricos-estereológicos, imunohistoquímicos e ultraestruturais. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a exposição pós-natal ao EE duplicou o peso do complexo prostático, aumentando a frequência relativa dos compartimentos epitelial e estromal e a atividade secretora no lobo ventral da próstata. Todas as glândulas expostas ao EE apresentaram intensa remodelação estromal, focos de hiperplasia epitelial e de infiltrados inflamatórios intersticiais e intraluminais. Células AR e PCNA-positivas tornaram-se significativamente mais frequentes no epitélio e no estroma. Células ERα-positivas, que foram restritas ao compartimento estromal em próstatas controle, foram frequentemente observadas no epitélio prostático dos animais tratados. O presente estudo demonstrou que a exposição ao EE durante o desenvolvimento pós-natal da próstata ventral pode causar alterações organizacionais na histofisiologia deste órgão, predispondo os indivíduos precocemente a lesões prostáticas. Estes resultados são de grande importância para a saúde pública, visto que o EE tem sido cada vez mais utilizado por mulheres em todo o mundo, e que a bioacumulação deste químico ambiental tem atingido níveis cada vez mais altos nos diferentes ecossistemas.
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"Sepse de origem hospitalar por Klebsiella spp. em unidades neonatais: evolução clínica" / Sepsis of hospital origin by Klebsiella spp. in neonatal units: clinical evolutionMarcelo Couto Luna de Almeida 30 September 2005 (has links)
Para descrever a incidência, fatores de risco e evolução clínica da sepse neonatal hospitalar por Klebsiella spp. foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo e prospectivo de 45 neonatos com sepse e Klebsiella spp. na hemocultura. A taxa geral de sepse hospitalar por Klebsiella spp foi de 3,7%, identificando K. pneumoniae (91%), K. oxytoca (9%), e 55,6% de cepas multirresistentes. Os principais fatores de risco foram uso prévio de antibióticos, prematuridade, baixo peso e catéter central. Houve complicações em 28,9% dos casos, com mortalidade de 11%. A sepse por Klebsiella spp. foi freqüente nas unidades neonatais, com taxa elevada de complicações e mortalidade, principalmente na infecção por cepas multirresistentes / In order to describe the incidence, risk factors and clinical evolution of hospital-origin sepsis by Klebsiella spp. in neonatal units, a retrospective and prospective study of 45 neonates with sepsis and Klebsiella spp. at the hemoculture was carried out.The overall hospital sepsis rate by Klebsiella spp. was 3.7%, with the identification of K. pneumoniae (91%), K. oxytoca (9%) and 55.6% of multi-resistant strains. The main risk factors were previous antibiotic use, prematurity, low weight and central catheter.There were complications in 28.9% of the cases, with a mortality rate of 11%.The sepsis by Klebsiella spp. was frequent at the neonatal units, with a high rate of complications and mortality, especially in multi-resistant strain infections
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Epidermólise bolhosa: um desafio para a (sobre) vidaPrazeres, Silvana Mara Janning 05 October 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-10-05 / Nenhuma / A epidermólise bolhosa (EB) hereditária é uma genodermatose, ou seja, doença de pele transmitida geneticamente. É uma doença rara, a qual se caracteriza pelo aparecimento de bolhas, ulcerações ou feridas em qualquer local da superfície corporal em resposta a mínimos traumas ou desencadeadas espontaneamente. Os objetivos deste estudo foram elaborar uma cartilha para o cuidado, no âmbito hospitalar, de neonato com epidermólise bolhosa. Investigar como os profissionais de saúde que atuam em UTI neonatal enfrentam o nascimento e os cuidados a serem dispensados com o neonato em EB, visando subsidiar a elaboração da cartilha. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, realizado em instituições de saúde que já tiveram casos da doença em neonatos hospitalizados na UTI neonatal na cidade de Porto Alegre/RS. A pesquisa seguiu a resolução 466/12 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, sendo o projeto aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da UNISINOS (parecer 780.693 de 08/09/2014) e das instituições coparticipantes (pareceres: 837.816 de 17/09/2014 e 14171 de 22/10/2014). Participaram 14 profissionais da saúde, que durante sua trajetória haviam cuidado de recém-nascidos com EB. Oito são enfermeiros, três técnicos de enfermagem e três médicos. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista em profundidade, composta por duas questões abertas: descreva suas experiências no cuidado, tratamento e acompanhamento aos pacientes com EB, que estão ou que ficaram sob seus cuidados durante a internação hospitalar? e Diga como foi para você cuidar de uma criança com EB? A análise dos dados foi constituída pela análise temática. Emergiram três categorias: experimentação do cuidado, família, e equipe de saúde. Os resultados apontaram que o nascimento de uma criança com EB acarreta sofrimento tanto pela insegurança na condução do caso, quanto pela gravidade da doença e seu enfrentamento durante a vida do paciente assistido e seus familiares. Considera-se que a elaboração desta cartilha poderá subsidiar o cuidado de neonatos com EB, contribuindo para a qualificação do cuidado também intra-hospitalar, bem como, para qualificar a orientação aos pais de neonatos com EB, acerca do cuidado domiciliar. / The Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) is a hereditary genodermatosis. In other words, it is a genetically transmitted skin disease. It’s a rare disease, which is characterized by the manifestation of blisters, ulcerations or wounds anywhere on the body surface either in response to the smallest traumas or spontaneously triggered. The objectives of this study were the elaboration of a practical guide for the handling of newborn babies who are of Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB); investigate how health professionals who work in neonatal intensive care units (ICUs) face the birth and the necessary care of newborn EB carriers, aiming to support the elaboration of the practical guide. This study has a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive nature and it was carried out in health institutions, which have already had cases of the disease in ICUs in the city of Porto Alegre/RS. The research followed the 466/12 resolution of the National Health Council. The project was approved by the UNISINOS Ethical and Research Committee (technical opinion 780.693 on September 8th 2014) and by the coparticipating institutions (technical opinions 837.816 on September 9th 2014 and 14171 on October 22nd 2014) Ethical and Research Committees. A total of 14 health professionals who had taken care of newborns with EB during their trajectory participated in this research. Eight of them are nurses, plus three nurse technicians and three physicians. The data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews, composed by two open questions: describe your experience concerning the care, treatment and monitoring of EB patients who are or have been under your care during hospitalization. And they were asked to tell what it was like to them. The data analysis was constituted by thematic analysis. This resulted in three categories: care experimentation, family and health team. The results indicated that the birth of an EB child leads to suffering due to the insecurity in terms of handling the case as much as to the gravity of the disease and its confrontation during the lives of the assisted patient and their family members. It is considered that the elaboration of this guide can support the assistance of EB newborns, contributing to the care qualification, including in-hospital assistance, and to a better home care orientation to the children’s parents.
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Leukocyte activation in newborns in relation to prenatal stressYektaei-Karin, Elham, January 2009 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
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Inflammatory mechanisms in experimental neonatal brain injury and in a clinical study of preterm birth : involvement of galectin-3 and free radical formation /Doverhag, Christina, January 2010 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet, 2010. / Härtill 3 uppsatser. På spikbladet med titel : Inflammation in experimental neonatal brain injury and in a clinical study of preterm birth : involvement of galectin-3 and free radical formation.
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