In this work bullwhip effect in the supply chains was studied and reduction of the effect was analyzed. Simulation was done with Rockwell Arena software. Eight different models were created using two different bullwhip reduction schemes (batching removal and information sharing) with two different ordering distributions (normal and exponential distribution). Analyzed supply chain consisted of two groups of customers, two distributors, one manufacturer and two suppliers, producing different components for manufacturer. Information processing, lead and manufacturing times where stochastic values. Analysis is based on the mean value and standard deviation of orders and inventory level. Research showed, that most effective bullwhip reduction scheme is information sharing which let to reduce supplier’s inventory level up to 90%. Also effect reduction schemes are more effective when order variability is greater. This work is primary supply chain model. Therefore author offers to continue this work and do next analysis: to analyze other order distributions’ and other stochastic model variables influence to bullwhip reduction schemes, to analyze other supply chain structures, to do mathematical evaluation.

Darbe analizuojami informacijos apie vaiko specialiuosius ugdymosi poreikius pateikimo ugdymo dalyviams ypatumai. Interviu metodu buvo atliktas tyrimas, kurio tikslas - atskleisti informacijos apie vaiko specialiuosius ugdymosi poreikius pateikimo ugdymo dalyviams ypatumus. Tyrime dalyvavo 17 4 – 11 metų amžiaus vaikų, turinčių SUP; 16 tėvų, auginančių vaikus, turinčius SUP; 7 bendrojo ugdymo pedagogai, ugdantys vaikus, turinčius SUP; 6 pagalbos mokiniui specialistai. Empirinėje dalyje nagrinėjami ikimokyklinio ir mokyklinio amžiaus vaikų, turinčių SUP, jų tėvų, bendrojo ugdymo pedagogų, pagalbos mokiniui specialistų informacijos apie vaiko SUP pateikimo ypatumai. Svarbiausios empirinio tyrimo išvados: 1. Vaikams, turintiems SUP, dažniausiai nepateikiama informacija apie jų specialiuosius ugdymosi poreikius. Tai liudija nepakankamą mokinio įtraukimą į ugdymo procesą., Informaciją vaikui dažniau teikia pagalbos mokiniui specialistai (specialieji pedagogai, logopedai ir kt.). 2. Pateikiama informacija apie vaikų vidutinius, didelius ir labai didelius SUP labiau neigiamo pobūdžio, dominuoja informacija apie negalias, sutrikimus ir kt. 3. Informuojant apie vaikų SUP realizuojamos tokios nuostatos kaip pozityvumas, orientacija į ugdymosi procesą; nepakankamai realizuojamos tokios svarbios nuostatos kaip mokinio ir tėvų įtraukimas ir dalijimasis informacija, tėvų kompetencijos vertinimas, atsakomybės už vaiko ugdymą pasidalijimas, bendras problemos sprendimas. / This paper analyses the features of presenting information about child’s special educational needs to education participants. By the method of interviewing there was a study made with an aim to find out the features of presenting information about child’s special educational needs to education participants. In the study participated 17 children between the ages of 4 and 11 who have special educational needs; 16 parents of children with SEN; 7 pedagogues of general education who educate children with SEN; 6 specialists of pupil’s help. In the empirical part there is an investigation of features of how the information was given to pre – school and school children with SEN, their parents, pedagogues of general education, specialists of pupil’s help. The most important conclusions of empirical investigation: 1. The information about children’s special educational needs in most cases is not presented to them. It witnesses the insufficient child’s inclusion into the education process. The information is more frequently given to the child by specialists of pupil’s help. (Special pedagogues, speech – language pathologists, etc.) 2. Given information about children’s medium, big, or very big SEN is mostly negative, dominates information about disabilities, disorders, etc. 3. Such aspects as positiveness and orientation to education process are realized by informing about children’s SEN; such important aspects as involving child and his parents and sharing information, estimation of... [to full text]