The aim of this thesis is to examine the current activities of the Crisis Staff of the South Bohemian Region and find weaknesses that could be improved. The integral part of the work is the position of the Crisis Staff of the South Bohemian Region in the system of crisis management in the Czech Republic and a description of its development in time. There were used analyzes to identify sub-optimally operated activities - excessive processing of documentary materials, to ensure trouble-free operation of used information technologies, minimizing the number of used information systems, the distribution of individual workers in the area and optimization of their number. Activities were examined with emphasis on their contribution to the final work of the Crisis Staff of the South Bohemian Region. There is a layout of information flows and documents and there are listed activities that need to be executed with each document. The thesis proposes measures leading to more efficient use of workers and machinery in the above-mentioned areas - document management, mostly in electronic form (except for the key documents) and the consequent security of document repository (physical and data). Conversion of connection plans to electronic form, using the system of the Contacts for Regional Office for South Bohemia, facilitates activity in searching contacts of interest persons and entities and management of their contact details. To improve the member activity of the Crisis Staff of the South Bohemian Region it is designed to minimize the number of used information systems, implement rules of risk communication and accomplish groups' relocation to isolated areas.

O crescimento desordenado das cidades favorece o surgimento de cenários urbanos que não asseguram aos cidadãos necessidades básicas reconhecidas pela Constituição Brasileira. A descoberta e a exploração de petróleo na Bacia de Campos a partir de 1974 fizeram com que o município de Macaé (RJ) sofresse profundas mudanças em sua configuração espacial, acompanhadas de acelerado aumento e concentração populacional. O objeto da presente pesquisa consiste no desenvolvimento de aplicação apoiada por um Sistema de Informação Geográfica, possibilitando mapeamento temático dinâmico, com foco principal no acompanhamento multitemporal do crescimento urbano, localizado na zona litorânea desse município e em suas proximidades, utilizando uma série histórica de imagens, composta por sete épocas, relativas aos anos de 1956, 1966, 1976, 1989, 1999, 2001 e 2004. Desta forma foi realizado processamento digital das imagens aerofotográficas e do sistema Quickbird, com o propósito de validação do potencial do SPRING, com exploração pautada nas etapas de segmentação e classificação supervisionada, sendo obtidos resultados referentes ao crescimento da área urbana do município, dentro de um período de 48 anos, aproximadamente. O SPRING se apresentou como ferramenta importante nesse processo, com potencial utilização em estudos relevantes para a gestão de cidades. Observando-se assim, efetiva possibilidade de aplicação em fases de elaboração de itens do plano diretor e atividades relativas a projetos executivos, tanto em seu planejamento, quanto em sua execução. / The disorderly growth of cities leads to the emergence of urban settings which do not provide citizens with basic needs recognized by the Brazilian Constitution. The discovery and exploitation of oil in the Campos Basin in 1974 made the municipality of Macaé (RJ) suffered profound changes in its spatial configuration, accompanied by accelerated growth and population density. The aim of this research is to develop application supported by a Geographic Information System, enabling dynamic thematic mapping with main focus on multi-temporal accompaniment of urban growth, located in the coastal zone of the municipality and its vicinity by using a series of historical images, composed of seven times, for the years 1956, 1966, 1976, 1989, 1999, 2001 and 2004. Thus, it was done digital processing of aerial photography and Quickbird system images, in order to validate the potential of SPRING, with operation guided through the steps of segmentation and supervised classification, obtaining results for the growth of the urban area council, within a period of 48 years approximately. SPRING is presented as an important tool in this process, with potential use in studies relevant to the management of cities. So, it was observed the possibility of effective implementation in stages of preparation of the master plan items and activities related to executive projects, both in its planning, and in its implementation.

Submitted by HYGOR EVANGELISTA SIQUEIRA null (hygorsiqueira@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-19T01:23:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Hygor_Evangelista Siqueira.pdf: 4249598 bytes, checksum: ad19b53ebd27b8f49ff21f3b8da791e9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-02-19T18:32:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 siqueira_he_me_jabo.pdf: 4249598 bytes, checksum: ad19b53ebd27b8f49ff21f3b8da791e9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-19T18:32:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 siqueira_he_me_jabo.pdf: 4249598 bytes, checksum: ad19b53ebd27b8f49ff21f3b8da791e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A incidência de acidentes que ocorrem no transporte rodoviário de produtos perigosos (TRPP) tem sido motivo de preocupação quanto aos riscos de contaminação do solo e da água, com possíveis reflexos na saúde e ao meio ambiente. Objetivou-se neste trabalho verificar a vulnerabilidade ambiental dos recursos hídricos na Área de Proteção Ambiental do rio Uberaba (APA) e na área de de influência das rodovias. A condição de risco e fragilidade que o ambiente se encontra foi determinado utilizando a modelagem multicritério de parâmetros morfométricos e de ocupação do solo, e a análise dos dados foi realizada em plataforma de sistema de informação geográfica (SIG). Os fatores intervenientes selecionados para análise foram: densidade de drenagem, declive, classes de solos, distância das linhas de água e o uso e ocupação dos solos. Foi possível avaliar de forma conjunta os diferentes planos de informação e gerar a partir do multicritério a vulnerabilidade dos recursos hídricos interceptados por rodovias na APA. Os fatores declividade do terreno e classe de solo são os mais importantes no diagnóstico de áreas com maior vulnerabilidade ambiental. / The incidence of accidents occurring in the transport of dangerous goods (TDG) is a concern about the risks of soil and water contamination, with possible impacts on health and the environment. The aim of this work is to verify the environmental vulnerability of water resources and in the area of influence of the State highway at the Environmental Protection Area (APA) of the Uberaba River Watershed. The condition of risk and fragility that the environment is nowdays was determined using the multi-criteria modeling of the morphometric parameters and land use, and the data analysis was carried out in a geographic information system platform (GIS). The intervening factors selected for analysis were: drainage density, slope, soil classes, distance from the drainage net and the land use. It was possible to evaluate jointly the different plans and generate information from multiple criteria vulnerability of water resources intercepted by road at the APA. The factors slope and soil type are the most important to located the greater environmental vulnerability areas.

Submitted by Aline Kuramoto Gonçalves null (aline587@gmail.com) on 2016-04-12T01:55:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANÁLISE AMBIENTAL E MORFOMÉTRICA DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO CÓRREGO SANTO ANTÔNIO.pdf: 3184169 bytes, checksum: 39ad05593a6316980716277c02cf7fef (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-13T14:22:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 goncalves_ak_me_bot.pdf: 3184169 bytes, checksum: 39ad05593a6316980716277c02cf7fef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-13T14:22:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 goncalves_ak_me_bot.pdf: 3184169 bytes, checksum: 39ad05593a6316980716277c02cf7fef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O uso do geoprocessamento é o ponto de partida para a realização deste trabalho, cujo objetivo principal é desenvolver uma análise ambiental e morfométrica na bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Santo Antônio, no distrito de São Francisco Xavier, São José dos Campos, São Paulo. A área de estudo situa-se geograficamente entre as coordenadas 22º53’2062”S a 46º00’1663”W e 22º52’4774”S a 45º59’0233” W apresentando área de 520,7 hectares. Nesta perspectiva, o uso das geotecnologias permite identificar, monitorar e minimizar os problemas ambientais, uma vez que a obtenção de um banco de dados organizado auxilia com a representação cartográfica, visando detalhar e caracterizar o meio físico, uso e ocupação e aplicação de leis ambientais para futuras decisões de planejamento da bacia hidrográfica. O processamento e avaliação dos dados obtidos para a elaboração dos mapas temáticos foram elaborados pelo programa ArcGis, de maneira a gerar um plano de informação, como: uso e ocupação da terra, drenagem, hipsometria, declividade, área de preservação permanente e conflito do uso e ocupação com áreas de preservação permanente. Os resultados indicaram que a bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Santo Antônio tem seu formato alongada, favorecendo o escoamento superficial, maior energia erosiva e baixa propensão a ocorrência de inundações devido a um baixo grau de desenvolvimento da rede de drenagem. Quanto aos seus elementos físicos naturais abarcados pelo uso e ocupação da terra apresentam conservados diante da importância da Área de Proteção Ambiental, assegurando uma menor intervenção. A realização deste trabalho teve como suporte a lei ambiental, Código Florestal. Os uso e ocupação da terra na bacia hidrográfica são área urbana, sedes rurais, estrada rural, área agrícola, pastagem e vegetação natural, sendo o uso mais significante a vegetação natural (470 ha) representando 90,2% e seguido pela pastagem (40 ha) representando 7,68% da área total da bacia hidrográfica. Quanto as áreas de preservação permanente constataram-se que ela não está totalmente protegida de acordo com a legislação. Tais resultados podem ser utilizados a auxiliar em tomadas de decisões para o planejamento e gerenciamento dos recursos naturais, diante das diversas legislações ambientais. / The use of geoprocessing is the starting point to accomplish this research whose main objective is to develop an environmental and morphometric analysis of the watershed of Santo Antonio stream, urban district of São José dos Campos, São Fancisco Xavier, São Paulo State, Brazil. The area of study is geographically located between the coordinates 22º53’2062”S to 46º00’1663”W to longitude and 22º52’4774”S to 45º59’0233” W to latitude, with an area of 520,7 ha. In this perspective, the use of geotechnologies allows to identify, monitor and minimize the risks of future environmental problems, since the obtaining of an organized database enables the use of cartographic representation, aiming to characterize the physical environment, land and its use, as well as the implementation of environmental laws. The processing and evaluation of data generation of thematic maps were prepared by ArcGis, in a way that information layers to land use and land cover, storm, hypsometry, slope, permanent preservation areas and conflicts of land use in permanent preservation areas were generated. The results of this watershed of Santo Antonio showed an elongated shape, which favors a superficial run-off, with erosive tendency and low potential for floods due to the low development of drainage network. As for the natural physical elements covered by the land use are in better condition and protection because of the importance of environmental protection area ensure less intervention. This work had the environmental legislation support Código Florestal. The land use in watershed are: urban area, rural area, rural roads, agricultural area, pasture, natural vegetation, and the most significant use refer to natural vegetation (470 ha) representing 90,2% and followed by pasture (40 ha) representing 7,68% of total watershed. The areas of permanent preservation have not been fully preserved according to the legislation. The results would be used for an effective decision and fundamental instrument for planning and for management of the natural resources, considering different environmental legislation.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-08-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:14:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 peres_rmp_me_fca.pdf: 2436230 bytes, checksum: 5fb7fc77c77fb16e3520bf6c8a18b152 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / A formação de bases de dados digitais municipais contribuem diretamente para análises das mais diversas áreas do conhecimento. Gerando fontes confiáveis de informações geográficas. Com o objetivo de gerar as representações computacionais do espaço físico geográfico territorial de Botucatu-SP e de construir uma base de dados digital dos aspectos físicos - culturais do município de Botucatu foram utilizados ferramentas, métodos, comandos e procedimentos de geoprocessamento no SPRING (Sistema para Processamento de Informações Georreferenciadas). Foram utilizadas as grades altimétricas de radar da missão SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) para elaboração de planos de informações temáticos e imagens de satélites de diferentes formatos para a confecção do mapa de uso e cobertura do solo e foram feitas comparações entre métodos tradicionais de entrada de dados (digitalização) e método automáticos (geração de isolinhas por imagens de radar). Os resultados evidenciaram a correlação entre os dados gerados através de digitalização e das grades de radar da missão SRTM. Também conclui-se que a classificação digital das terras mostrou-se mais eficiente quando houve segmentação da imagem do que quando feita por supervisionamento com máxima verossimilhança. / The formation of municipal digital database contributes directly for many analyses in several areas of knowledge, generating trustworthy source of geographical information. Tools, methods, commands and procedures of geoprocessing at SIG-SPRING have been used in order to generate the computer representations of the geographical area of Botucatu- SP and building a digital database of physical and cultural aspects of the city of Botucatu-SP. Radar altimeter grids of the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) mission have been used to make the thematic information plans and satellite imagery of different formats in order to make the map and soil coverage and comparisons among traditional methods of data entry (digitalization) and automatic data (generation of isolines per radar images) have also been made. The results showed the correlation among generated data through digitalization and the radar grids of the SRTM mission. It is also concluded that the digital classification of areas has proved to be more efficient when there was a segmentation of image instead the supervising using maximum verisimilar process.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-12-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:22:29Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 antonangelo_a_dr_botfca.pdf: 985791 bytes, checksum: 758933643aba0ab908595d59166ff6f4 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / A rede viária do setor florestal é a principal base de toda a atividade, mas, no entanto, as estradas de uso florestal têm sido uma das principais causas da erosão e do assoreamento dos cursos d'água nas florestas plantadas, pois promove a retirada da cobertura vegetal, a movimentação do solo e a compactação de seu leito, tornando tais vias muito vulneráveis à erosão causada pela chuva. Até hoje, apesar das grandes transformações tecnológicas ocorridas na silvicultura brasileira e da relevância do transporte para as empresas florestais, há poucos trabalhos que estudem a otimização do transporte da madeira, principalmente, no que se refere à questão da erosão. Além disso, as ferramentas disponíveis têm se mostrado ineficientes para o uso em situações específicas fora do local onde foram desenvolvidas. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi desenvolver um critério para a identificação dos riscos de erosão em estradas de uso florestal baseado no fator topográfico LS, que considera a declividade e o comprimento das rampas. Como resultados, obteve-se que a utilização do SIG GRASS para a aplicação do critério proposto para a identificação dos riscos de erosão em estradas é um instrumento viável na prevenção e controle da erosão. Além disso, tanto a análise qualitativa quanto a quantitativa mostraram que as rampas se comportaram conforme o indicado pelo mapa gerado pelo GRASS com a identificação dos riscos de erosão em estradas de uso florestal classificadas de acordo com o fator topográfico LS. Quanto à comparação das redes de estradas ortogonal e em curva de nível através do critério de identificação de erosão que utiliza o fator topográfico LS, na área reformada, ou seja, na rede em curva de nível de estradas, houve melhores resultados no que se refere ao controle da ocorrência da erosão. / The forest road network is the principal support for the whole activity, but, however, the forest use road have been one of main motive of soil erosion and the rivers filling up in cultivated forests, because it is answerable for the vegetable cover removed, soil movement and its compaction, making this roads very susceptible for the erosion caused by precipitation. Until today, although the great technologic changes occurred in the Brazilian forestation and the transport to the forest enterprise, there are few works that study the wood transport optimization, mainly, about erosion. Besides, the available tools have showed inefficient to the in specific situation out of local where were developed. The objective of this work was develop a criterion to erosion risks identification in forest use road based in LS topography factor, that consider the ramps slope and length. As results, it got that use of SIG GRASS to the application of the offered criterion to identification of erosion risks in forests roads is a possible tool in the erosion prevention and control. Besides, as quantitative analyses as the qualitative one showed that ramps behaved as according to the indicated through the map created by GRASS with erosion risks identification in forest use road arranged through LS topography factor. About comparison between orthogonal and level curve forest roads networks through LS topography factor criterion, in the reformed road area, by the way, in the level curve roads networks, there were best results concerning erosion occurrence control.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-12-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:42:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_eg_dr_botfca.pdf: 1092618 bytes, checksum: 2cecd410091c2837654b5683e84fd1b8 (MD5) / O desenvolvimento da agricultura e o uso da terra de maneira não somente a protegê-la contra alterações superficiais provocadas pela ação constante dos fenômenos naturais, mas também a desenvolver aos poucos sua capacidade produtiva, requer um cuidadoso planejamento inicial. Para que o mesmo seja efetivo e eficiente, é necessário que se tenha acesso a informações corretas e detalhadas, as quais podem estar disponíveis em imagens aéreas de sensoriamento remoto. O uso das fotografias aéreas verticais dentre os produtos do Sensoriamento Remoto se tornou cada vez mais frequente nos projetos de levantamentos, planejamentos e explorações do solo, principalmente porque substitui, com vantagens, outras bases cartográficas, além da riqueza de detalhes que oferece, eliminando-se assim as dificuldades de acesso em áreas inacessíveis, bem como facilitando a visão tridimensional, por aumentar o rendimento e a precisão do mapeamento, por meio da combinação dos trabalhos de campo e laboratório, com o estudo de interpretação fotográfica. Este trabalho utilizou-se de fotografias aéreas pancromáticas nas escalas nominais 1:25000 (1962), 1:45000 (1977) e coloridas na escala nominal aproximada de 1:30.000, proveniente do levantamento aerofotogramétrico efetuado no ano de 2005, tendo como objetivo mostrar através da utilização de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) a possibilidade de realizar uma análise mais completa e segura de valores de área, obtidos diretamente na foto sem correções de escala, e posteriormente compará-los com os valores de área obtidos de fotografias aéreas com escalas corrigidas, tendo como referência a carta do Instituto Geográfico e Cartográfico do Estado de São Paulo, resultando num coeficiente de erro que mostrará as diferenças das áreas através... / interpretation is a basic resource and it constitutes in a technique which enables infinite refining. Agricultural development and ground use requires a careful initial planning in order not only to protect them against superficial changing provoked by natural phenomena but also to gradually develop its productive capacity. For the efficiency of ground management, it is necessary to access correct and detailed information which can be available through aerial images of remote sensing. The use of vertical aerial photography through Remote Sensing has become more common in ground collection, management and exploration, mainly because it substitutes, with lots f advantage, for cartographic bases, besides offering detailed characteristics, eliminating access difficulties in inaccessible areas, as well as facilitating a tridimensional view once it increases map efficiency and accuracy by combining field and laboratory work with photography interpretation. This work, using panchromatic aerial photography in nominal scale 1:25000 (1962), 1:45000 (1977) , and approximate nominal scale of 1:30.000, proceeding from aerial photogrameter developed in 2005, aimed at showing through the Geographic Information System (GIS) the possibility of developing a more complete and accurate analysis of the area values, obtained directly from photos without scale correction, and after comparing it with area values obtained from aerial photography with correct scale referred in IGC (Brazilian Cartography and Geography Institute) guidelines, resulting in an error coefficient which shows area differences through two proposed study. Considering the aerial photographies in three different years: 192, 1977 and 2005, it is possible to affirm that the 2005’s images presented lower values of area difference... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-12-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:45:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 bendini_jn_dr_botfmvz.pdf: 529177 bytes, checksum: a53a8964c181be6747c777213e53fd3b (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar o mapeamento dos apiários da microrregião de Campos do Jordão, por meio do Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG), gerando uma base de dados relacionada a características referentes à procedência do apicultor regional em relação à distribuição espacial, número de colméias e produtividade. A referida microrregião apresenta, de acordo com o presente estudo, 54 apicultores distribuídos pelos seus 04 municípios, onde a atividade apícola é desenvolvida por pequenos produtores que possuem no máximo 70 colméias. O SIG mostrou-se uma ferramenta eficiente para a avaliação do desenvolvimento da atividade apícola da Microrregião de Campos do Jordão e servirá como instrumento de monitoramento da procedência do produto regional, principalmente para se orientar quanto à melhor distribuição futura de suas respectivas unidades apícolas, podendo gerar resultados positivos na produtividade melífera. / The objective of this paper was mapping the apiaries of the micro region of Campos do Jordão, through the Geographical Information System (GIS), generating a database related to beekeeper's characteristics as their space distribution, number of beehives and productivity. According to the present study, the micro region has 54 beekeepers distributed in 04 municipalities, where beekeeping activity is developed by a small group of producers who can own at the most 70 hives. As a result, the GIS has proved to be an efficient tool to evaluate the development of the beekeeping activity at the micro region of Campos de Jordão. Furthermore, it will be useful as a reference to monitor the origin of the regional final product, especially to lead the producers for a best distribution of their respective apiaries. Moreover, the finding could produce positive results in the melliferous productivity.

L'outil conceptualisé et développé au cours de cette thèse aspire à: (1) Tirer profit des récentes évolutions des Systèmes d'Information Géographique (SIG) en proposant de nouvelles approches pour le traitement de problème ayant un aspect spatial. (2) Appliquer des approches théoriques dans des problématiques industrielles réelles afin de proposer des approches pour les phases qui ne sont pas abordées dans la recherche théorique. Dans cette optique, trois modules ont été développés, un module d’intégration et de visualisation des données spatiales, un module de pré-traitement des données et un module d’optimisation de la couverture.- La première partie de la thèse aborde le sujet de la mise en place du premier module, et propose un framework conceptuel pour le développement d'outil similaire. Le module d'intégration et de visualisation développé permet l’accès aux données de ventes via une interface web dédiée. La plateforme permet la mise en contexte des données de ventes en affichant les détaillants sur une carte, et en donnant accès à la visualisation d’autres données (ex. : socio-démo graphique, concurrentielle). Les détaillants affichés sur la carte sont filtrables suivant leurs caractéristiques et colorables suivant de multiples critères (ex. : comparaison aux années précédentes, comparaison aux objectifs, etc.). La sélection des éléments présents sur la carte permet d’avoir accès à leurs informations détaillées. L’ensemble des différentes fonctionnalités permet une meilleure compréhension du marché, et autorise l’exploration des résultats de ventes sous un nouvel angle.- La seconde partie traite de l’outil de pré-traitement des données spatiale. Notre approche permet de rendre accessible l’analyse de données spatiales aux utilisateurs ne disposant pas de connaissances en SIG. En plus de cela, la réalisation des étapes de prétraitement peut être réalisée plus rapidement, et avec des choix guidés quant à la sélection des relations spatiales à prendre en compte. Une implémentation fonctionnelle de l’approche a été mise en place, basée sur des outils open sources pour permettre l’implémentation à coûts réduits de notre solution. L’utilisation de notre implémentation permet des gains de temps conséquents lors du prétraitement des données spatiales pour les analyses des données géospatiales.- La troisième et dernière partie se concentre sur l’outil d’optimisation de la couverture qui s’appuie sur la structure et les outils mis en place précédemment. Il prend en entrée les jeux de données correspondant aux potentiels des zones et ceux correspondant aux points de vente et à leurs zones de chalandise. À partir de ces données, l’outil propose des solutions d’amélioration de la couverture qui tiennent compte des aspects liés à la zone de chalandise de chaque magasin et à la captation collaborative de la demande. / The tool conceptualized and developed during this thesis aims to: (1) Take advantage of recent evolutions of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) by proposing new approaches for the treatment of problems having a spatial aspect. (2) Apply theorical approach in real industrial issues to propose approaches for phases that are not addressed in theoretical research. With this in mind, three modules have been developed, a spatial data integration and visualization module, a data pre-processing module and a coverage optimization module.- The first part of the thesis addresses the subject of the implementation of the first module, and proposes a conceptual framework for the development of similar tools. The integration and visualization module allows access to sales data via a dedicated web interface. The platform allows the contextualization of sales data by displaying retailers on a map and giving access to the visualization of other data (eg socio-demographic, competitive). The retailers displayed on the map can be filtered according to their characteristics and colorable according to multiple criteria (eg comparison with previous years, comparison with objectives, etc.). The selection of the elements present on the map allows to have access to their detailed information. All the different functionalities allow for a better understanding of the market, and allow for the exploration of the sales results in a new angle.- The second part deals with the spatial data pre-processing tool. Our approach makes it possible to make spatial data analysis available to users who do not have GIS knowledge. In addition to this, the realization of the pre-processing steps can be carried out more quickly, and with guided choices for the selection of the spatial relations to take into account. A functional implementation of the approach has been implemented, based on open source tools to enable cost-effective implementation of our solution. The use of our implementation allows for significant time savings when pre-processing spatial data for geospatial data analysis.- The third and final part focuses on the coverage optimization module that is based on the structure and modules previously implemented. It takes as input the datasets corresponding to the potentials of the zones and those corresponding to the distributors and their catchment areas. From this data, the module proposes solutions to improve the coverage that take into account the aspects related to the catchment area of ​​each distributors and the collaborative capture of the potential.

In the on-going ICT world revolution, e-government applications are considered as one of the modern, growing, and important applications delivered over the Internet. These applications, enabling citizens to interact with government, have emerged in recent years, and are likely to have a positive impact on citizens, government, business and society. It is known that e-government is a new concept. Therefore, much effort is needed in achieving its prime objectives assessment strategies for both the public and private sectors. In this context, new technologies provide several benefits to government over traditional technologies. The literature review, completed by the researcher, indicated that there is a gap between practice and theory identified by the absence of a comprehensive assessment framework for e-government systems and readiness. Most of the assessment frameworks, reviewed for the study, are varied in terms of philosophies, objectives, methodologies, approaches. This implies that there is no assessment framework that is likely to cover all e-government readiness aspects. This research proposed to develop a comprehensive framework of associated guidelines and tools to support e-government Information Systems Readiness (EGISR) and Cloud Computing. The developed framework contains the internal as well as external factors affecting e-government readiness and has been categorised into four main layers namely i.e. technology readiness, organisation readiness, people/stakeholders readiness, and environment readiness. It is important to mention that the developed framework has been empirically tested and validated in a real environment taken the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as a case study, surveying 600 citizens, 125 staff, and 25 officials. This research is one of the first studies in the Arab world which has focused on these three samples/perspectives and Cloud Computing. The finalised framework provides a comprehensive structure for the e-government readiness assessment process and Cloud Computing to help decision makers, in government, in setting up vision and a strategic action plan for the future of e-government. In addition it identities key elements and stages needed to implement such action plans. We believe that the assessment framework establishes an appropriate tool to assess e-government readiness. It can also be used as an effecting evaluation framework to determine the degree of progress already made, by government organisations, towards e-government implementation and maintenance.