Submitted by NELSON SEBASTIAN SILVA JEREZ null (sebastiancso@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-03T15:45:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Diss. 1.0250 q1.1 d1.1.pdf: 1053953 bytes, checksum: dabbaf4b25b2995244595fff57e611b1 (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo a orientação abaixo: O arquivo submetido está sem a ficha catalográfica e sem folha da comissão examinadora. A versão submetida por você é considerada a versão final da dissertação/tese, portanto não poderá ocorrer qualquer alteração em seu conteúdo após a aprovação. Corrija esta informação e realize uma nova submissão contendo o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-06-03T19:43:44Z (GMT) / Submitted by NELSON SEBASTIAN SILVA JEREZ null (sebastiancso@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-04T16:26:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Diss. 1.0253 q1.1 d1.1 PB.pdf: 1580963 bytes, checksum: 63e1b7ed787d321740c8976c47ebe8d1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-06-06T16:40:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silvajerez_ns_me_mar.pdf: 1580963 bytes, checksum: 63e1b7ed787d321740c8976c47ebe8d1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-06T16:40:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silvajerez_ns_me_mar.pdf: 1580963 bytes, checksum: 63e1b7ed787d321740c8976c47ebe8d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Estuda o comportamento informacional de adolescentes em seu cotidiano e identifica como eles buscam, acessam, usam e compartilham informação, proveniente ou não da Internet. Analisa a veracidade da hipótese de que esta geração é dependente da conectividade providenciada pela Internet tem fundamento. Utiliza como ferramenta metodológica survey online, com amostragem por snowball sampling para recrutamento de participantes, e uso da técnica do incidente crítico. Os resultados demonstram que os adolescentes preferem buscar informação na Internet, e que a maioria deles tem conhecimento de técnicas apropriadas para recuperar informação, sendo que a forma mais utilizada de acesso à Internet foi o computador, com o telefone celular em seguida. Entende que os adolescentes usam informação em seu cotidiano para resolver lacunas pontuais em seu conhecimento, mas não como parte de um processo contínuo de aperfeiçoamento deste, ou para tomada de decisões. O tema da maior parte das buscas se refere ao consumo cultural. Não confirma a hipótese de que os adolescentes utilizam significativamente outras pessoas como fonte de informação. Encontra que adolescentes têm em sua maioria opiniões bastante positivas sobre bibliotecas, apesar de muitos as considerarem obsoletas ou ultrapassadas perante a existência da Internet e dos meios de acesso digitais à informação. Confirma que os adolescentes não utilizam suficientemente a Internet como fonte de informação em Educação Sexual, possivelmente prejudicando esforços neste sentido. / The everyday life information behaviour of teenagers is studied, and it is identified how they seek, access, use and share information, either from the Internet or not. The idea that this generation relies on the connectivity provided by the Internet to seek information is tested to assess to what extent this is well-founded. The methodological approach combines the use of an online survey, using snowball sampling for participant recruitment and the critical incident technique. The study finds that teenagers do, indeed, prefer to seek information on the Internet, and that most of them have knowledge of appropriate information retrieval techniques, with computers being the most commonly used mode of access to the Internet, followed by smartphones. The study understands that teenagers use information in their everyday lives to address specific gaps in their knowledge, but not as part of a continuous process of building knowledge, or for decision making. It finds that the majority of searches regards cultural consumption. The hypothesis that teenagers significantly use other people as information sources was not confirmed. It was found that teenagers have mostly very positive opinions about libraries, although many think of them as obsolete or outdated given the existence of the Internet and the digital means of access to information. The study confirms that teenagers do not use the Internet enough as a Sexual Education information source, possibly hindering efforts in this direction.

The thesis aims to contribute to the research on the management and use of information in organisations by providing a holistic understanding of the various information practices and needs as well as attitudes towards information at different levels in the broader socio-historical context of a specific organisation. To this end, findings and approaches from research traditions in library and information science, management studies and organisational theory are combined in an activity-theoretical approach with some neo-institutional aspects. An empirical study using this theoretical framework investigates information activities in a Swedish youth organisation with the aim of contributing to peace and democracy. This study aims to answer research questions concerning how the individual and collective information practices of its Board members and the development of organisational strategies and routines for information activities are related to each other and to the socio-historical context of such organisations. The empirical data was gathered, firstly, through a qualitative case study of one youth/peace organisation, in which 14 members from two Boards were interviewed, 6 meetings were observed and e-mail communication and organisational documents were studied. The results were used in two questionnaires to Board members in a total sample of 9 similar youth/peace organisations to explore the assumption that a common socio-historical context would result in similar activities and constraints. Environmental scanning, seeking information, storing and retrieving information, creating information products, disseminating information to the environment and sharing information within the organisation are identified as distinct information activity systems in the case organisation that could be combined in a broader information management activity system. The outcome of Board members' individual, collective and organisational actions within these activities is mediated by a combination of how they perceive the objects, the available tools and resources, the chosen or emerging division of labour, organisational and collective aims and individual goals, and the explicit rules and implicit values that could be applied to the action in an organisational context. Most strategies are emergent in nature and start in a bottom-up process. A basic contradiction stemming from the socio-historical context of youth/peace organisations underlies the tensions in information activities. Board members have to make sense of contrasting identities in which empowerment is contrasted with professionalism as a basis for the organisations' legitimacy. The theoretical contribution of this study is the creation of two activity theoretical models for the analysis of information activities in organisations. The models provide a way to discuss the links between individual and collective information behaviour and organisational information management in a holistic perspective. They raise questions about the nature of these relationships and encompass the contextual aspects of information practices thus leading to a greater understanding of the ways in which information management develops in specific organisational contexts.

Disertacijoje siekiama išanalizuoti Lietuvos Respublikos Seimo narių informacinės elgsenos ypatumus priimant sprendimus ir nustatyti jų elgseną lemiančius veiksnius. Atsižvelgiant į išskirtinę parlamento narių galią ir autoritetą priimant reikšmingiausius valstybei ir jos žmonėms sprendimus, jų ypatingą statusą (kaip Tautos atstovai, savo priimamais įstatymais ir kitais sprendimais jie įprasmina Tautos valią), politikų, kaip vienų svarbiausių politinio proceso dalyvių ir sprendimų priėmėjų, informacinės elgsenos pažinimas yra itin svarbus, aktualus ir reikšmingas, nes informacija yra neatsiejama nuo politinių sprendimų ir yra pamatinė jų dalis. Siekiant disertacijoje išsikelto tikslo teoriškai apibrėžti esminiai parlamentarų informacinę elgseną lemiantys veiksniai ir sukonstruotas struktūrinis modelis, apimantis pagrindinius parlamentarų informacinės elgsenos komponentus ir jai įtaką darančius veiksnius; atliktas empirinis tyrimas, siekiant nustatyti Seimo narių elgsenos ypatumus ieškant informacijos ir naudojant ją sprendimų priėmimo kontekste bei ištirti, kaip individualūs ir organizaciniai veiksniai lemia jų elgseną. Tyrimas atskleidė, kokį vaidmenį, pačių parlamento narių suvokimu, informacija atlieka politiniuose procesuose, kokios informacijos jiems reikia, kaip išsamiai politikai analizuoja ir gilinasi į informaciją priimdami sprendimus, kokiais informacijos šaltiniais naudojasi, kodėl ir kaip jie veikia sprendimus. Tyrime ypatingas dėmesys skirtas išanalizuoti, kaip... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The thesis aims to analyse the peculiarities of information behaviour of members of the Lithuanian Seimas in decision-making processes, and identify factors conditioning that behaviour. With regard to the exclusive power and authority of the MPs in making decisions that are of utmost importance to the state and its people, their exceptional status (being representatives of the Nation and adopting laws and various resolutions they embody the will of the Nation), the cognition of information behaviour of politicians, i.e. decision-makers who are among the most important actors of the political process, is critical, relevant and ponderable, as information being the foundation of political decisions is their indispensable element. Pursuing the goal set up in the thesis, the author offers a theoretical definition of the key determinants of MPs’ information behaviour and frames a structural model encompassing the basic elements of MPs’ information behaviour and factors influential of it; presents an empiric research that was conducted with a view to establish the peculiarities in the Seimas members’ behaviour when searching for information and utilizing it in the context of decision-making, as well as investigates in what way individual and organizational factors determine their behaviour. The inquiry revealed what role, in the perception of the MPs, information plays in political processes, what information is required, how thoroughly and deeply politicians analyse information... [to full text]

Disertacijoje siekiama išanalizuoti Lietuvos Respublikos Seimo narių informacinės elgsenos ypatumus priimant sprendimus ir nustatyti jų elgseną lemiančius veiksnius. Atsižvelgiant į išskirtinę parlamento narių galią ir autoritetą priimant reikšmingiausius valstybei ir jos žmonėms sprendimus, jų ypatingą statusą (kaip Tautos atstovai, savo priimamais įstatymais ir kitais sprendimais jie įprasmina Tautos valią), politikų, kaip vienų svarbiausių politinio proceso dalyvių ir sprendimų priėmėjų, informacinės elgsenos pažinimas yra itin svarbus, aktualus ir reikšmingas, nes informacija yra neatsiejama nuo politinių sprendimų ir yra pamatinė jų dalis. Siekiant disertacijoje išsikelto tikslo teoriškai apibrėžti esminiai parlamentarų informacinę elgseną lemiantys veiksniai ir sukonstruotas struktūrinis modelis, apimantis pagrindinius parlamentarų informacinės elgsenos komponentus ir jai įtaką darančius veiksnius; atliktas empirinis tyrimas, siekiant nustatyti Seimo narių elgsenos ypatumus ieškant informacijos ir naudojant ją sprendimų priėmimo kontekste bei ištirti, kaip individualūs ir organizaciniai veiksniai lemia jų elgseną. Tyrimas atskleidė, kokį vaidmenį, pačių parlamento narių suvokimu, informacija atlieka politiniuose procesuose, kokios informacijos jiems reikia, kaip išsamiai politikai analizuoja ir gilinasi į informaciją priimdami sprendimus, kokiais informacijos šaltiniais naudojasi, kodėl ir kaip jie veikia sprendimus. Tyrime ypatingas dėmesys skirtas išanalizuoti, kaip... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The thesis aims to analyse the peculiarities of information behaviour of members of the Lithuanian Seimas in decision-making processes, and identify factors conditioning that behaviour. With regard to the exclusive power and authority of the MPs in making decisions that are of utmost importance to the state and its people, their exceptional status (being representatives of the Nation and adopting laws and various resolutions they embody the will of the Nation), the cognition of information behaviour of politicians, i.e. decision-makers who are among the most important actors of the political process, is critical, relevant and ponderable, as information being the foundation of political decisions is their indispensable element. Pursuing the goal set up in the thesis, the author offers a theoretical definition of the key determinants of MPs’ information behaviour and frames a structural model encompassing the basic elements of MPs’ information behaviour and factors influential of it; presents an empiric research that was conducted with a view to establish the peculiarities in the Seimas members’ behaviour when searching for information and utilizing it in the context of decision-making, as well as investigates in what way individual and organizational factors determine their behaviour. The inquiry revealed what role, in the perception of the MPs, information plays in political processes, what information is required, how thoroughly and deeply politicians analyse information... [to full text]

Nowadays, increasing numbers of people do travel research on their smartphones. More precisely, digital maps provide locational information, which is important during the planning process. However, smartphones are restricted by their small screen size, resulting in fragmented information delivery; also, the design of digital maps lacks features. The aims of this study are to investigate users’ travel-planning behavior on smartphones, identify the pain points and missing contexts when using digital maps on smartphones, and provide design guidelines for future digital map design. The study was done by conducting a travel-planning activity and a codesign workshop to bring users into the design process, promote in-depth discussion, and explore a new design possibility for digital maps with users. The results showed that people’s goals when planning travel include reducing their workload, improving effectiveness, and ensuring flexibility. People use digital maps to support not only information searching but also information compiling, including saving locations and routes. In addition, several difficulties have been pointed out: cross-platform planning, information hierarchy, and retrieval on digital maps.

There is limited engagement with research based evidence among senior managers within the NHS, and a failure to consistently integrate research findings into the decision making process. While much is known about the decision making and information behaviour of clinical staff and policy makers, there is little knowledge of this for senior non-clinical managers within the NHS. There is also a lack of clarity on how best to facilitate and integrate research evidence into the decision making process and a lack of research regarding the context of non-clinical healthcare managers working in the NHS. This study addresses these shortcomings through in-depth analysis in a case study approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interview, questionnaire and observed scenario work. This data was analysed to increase knowledge and understanding of the current information behaviour and decision making practices of non-medical senior management staff working within the NHS in England. Several key barriers to research utilisation were identified in the analysis of the data. These barriers included insufficient information literacy skills in the cohort, shortcomings with the published research papers, a culture which was focused on achieving politically set targets, and a lack of defined processes to decision making. To address these barriers an embedded librarian and a SharePoint based knowledge management system were implemented and evaluated. Evaluation of these interventions concluded that an embedded librarian was effective in increasing and supporting evidence informed decision making. This provides a practical example of an effective service development which should be considered for implementation across the NHS and wider healthcare community. The study also recommends that, to increase use of their output, researchers need to include more explicit information on the implementation and financial elements of their findings rather than a narrow focus on the intervention outcome. In addition, findings showed the target driven culture of the NHS create an environment that stifles evidence informed decision making. To address this barrier the study recommends that the NHS adopts methods of quality assurance and metrics which place an emphasis on measures of process. This study contributes to theory by exploring the information behaviour of a specific group which have been overlooked in previous research, and contributes new understanding of mechanisms for knowledge translation and interactions between the research based evidence and decision making processes in the context of NHS non-clinical management.

This study focused on measuring the importance and contribution of information obtained from the library, particularly electronic information services (EIS), to success in solving clinical problems in hospitals. Three research questions with three main hypotheses were advanced and tested on clinicians in 44 hospitals in Hong Kong. The findings were tested against the framework from Wilson's (1996) existing general information behaviour model, from which a new extended model for clinicians was built. Measures of EIS were then derived from the new model. The research was broadly divided into a series of five studies in two stages: nominal group, quantitative survey, and interviews in the first stage, and randomized controlled study as well as the analyses of statistical data and computer transaction logs in the second stage. The key results in Stage I led to the studies in Stage 11. The randomized controlled study in Stage 11 attempted to reduce the barriers identified in the information environment, with a view to test the results of an educational intervention, and to confirm that the hypotheses were true given reduced barriers and the presence of enabling conditions. The effects of the interventions in this experimental study were validated and verified by statistical data and transaction logs. Corroborative evidence from the two-stage studies showed that the three main inter-connected hypotheses were supported: success in problem-solving is related to the information sources used; user satisfaction is related to success in problem-solving; and EIS use is an indicator of user satisfaction. EIS use is determined by a number of factors: the preference for EIS, the use of the library, the skills and knowledge in searching, the profession of the user and the characteristics of the work environment. Educational intervention was found to improve success in problem-solving, the attitudes, skills and knowledge in searching, the satisfaction with and use of EIS, and is an important enabling condition. The research rejected part of the first hypothesis posed that success in problem-solving is related to clinical question posed and suggests that further research is needed in this area. The study supported the extension of the general model to clinical information needs and behaviours and found new relationships. The study found an additional determinant of EIS satisfaction, the satisfaction with the information obtained. EIS satisfaction would not be changed by educational intervention alone if the information obtained was not satisfactory. On the other hand, education can improve EIS satisfaction regardless of whether the problem has been solved. Of critical importance is the time factor in determining the use (or non-use) of EIS. There is new evidence that the awareness of the user of an answer in literature is a determining factor for active searching. Borrowing the concept of opportunity cost from economic theory, the researcher relates it with the differing levels of self-efficacy and postulates a model for planning EIS and related library services. From the new extended model of information behaviour, sixteen main measures or indicators were tested on a proposed framework in developing performance measures to diagnose information behaviours and predict EIS use, satisfaction and success in problem-solving. In measuring EIS, the researcher suggested the holistic approach in assessing traditional (non-electronic) library and information services as part of information behaviours of clinicians. The study pointed to the imbalance between self-efficacy and the actual skills and knowledge of users in their searching mentality and activities and the implication for library practice. Qualitative aspects that require further research on measurement were suggested. The study has important ramifications for theory and practice for the information professional. The new extended model of information behaviour for clinicians establishes deterministic relationships that help explain why an information search is pursued actively, continuously, or not at all. Measures that have been derived from these relationships can help diagnose and predict information behaviours. The study highlights the flexibility and utility of the general model of information behaviour. Also, this is the first time that such a methodological approach has been adopted to derive EIS measures. The application of the randomized controlled study methodology in information science was proven to be feasible and yielded definitive results. The researcher proposes that further development of information behaviour model should incorporate the element of knowledge generation process in an organization.

<p>The main purpose of this essay is to investigate professional artists experience of the need and use of information in their creative work. I have collected the material through qualitative interviews with four professional artist working with different materials and techniques. One of the results of the study is that the artists first of all used information as a source of inspiration in their creative work. They gathered their information from various scources, for example; pictures, exhibitions, visual arts, books and novells, depending on what project they are working with. Other important information scources were colleges, especially for the technical information need. The artists also searched for information in a wide range of subjects and showed interest in areas that are not considerable art-related.</p>

The purpose of this paper was to study the information behaviour of players in an online computer game, namely the MMORPG1 World of Warcraft. To this end a survey was constructed to gather empirical data about the habits of players. In the survey the respondent was presented with four different scenarios and asked to first rank these by complexity and then answering which path they usually take to satisfy the informational need. The complexity was introduced as a possible contributing factor influencing the path taken. A study of different principles relevant to information behaviour was completed and in addition to the main theory, theory regarding social capital and information gatekeepers was included. Some background to what kind of different online games there are and what an MMORPG is. A total of 58 responses was collected and although the data wasn't deemed descriptive of the population as a whole, it showed quite clearly that within the context of World of Warcraft the most common way to fulfil an information need is by visiting a third-party website to obtain the needed information. Out of 229 possible responses spread over the four different scenarios, a staggering 177 answered that they visit a third-party website. This however resonates well with the principle of least effort, where a seeker always aim to use the path that over time results in the least effort.

Strategic decision makers typically use a wide range of communication and information media in complex, uncertain and often ambiguous or politically charged organizational contexts. However, little help is available in ensuring that their information behaviour is efficient and effective. This study evaluates the use of information systems (IS) as communication media in strategic decision-making processes (SDMPs), focusing on strategic information processing, and how context affects its performance. The analysed strategic decisions (n = 113) were taken in the time period between 2000 and 2008 in large Western organisations. The aim of this investigation was to look at the link between the use of IS during the decision-making process and the performance of the SDMP, taking into account internal and external contextual factors. Using existing information processing theory and research on the SDMP as a theoretical basis, hypotheses were developed and environmental contingencies and political information behaviour were selected as moderating effects on the relationship of IS use and the performance of strategic decisions. A survey and complementary semi-structured interviews were conducted, which studied particular strategic decisions through quantitative and qualitative methods. Results provide support for a number of the study's hypotheses; however, several interesting findings regarding contextual factors, such as information anarchy and environmental munificence/hostility, do not support the hypotheses. Implications for theory and practice concerning information behaviour and its context are discussed.