The aim of this thesis is the optimalization of chosen supplier chain from the point of view of material and informational flow, description of critical factors and a proposal for optimalization of the whole system from the point of view of logistic service and expenses. This thesis is devided into several parts. In the first part there are quoted some sources dealing with the topic of the thesis. In the second part present company functioning is described from the point of view of informational and material flow. These were analyzed within the conpany as well as between the company and the other parts of the chain. After evaluation of the results from the second part I tried to describe critical factors, which make the third part of the thesis. Ten critical factors were analyzed. The main part of the thesis is made by proposals for removing these critical factors.

Pour traiter des défis écologiques et créer de nouveaux avantages concurrentiels, les entreprises ont besoin de considérer et d’intégrer les aspects environnementaux dans tous les processus de l'entreprise. De nombreuses méthodes environnementales existent, ainsi que des solutions visant leur intégration dans les processus de l’entreprise. Mais la revue de la littérature montre qu’une approche systémique combinant besoins stratégiques et pratiques de l’éco-conception pourrait favoriser cette intégration.Cette thèse, qui s’intègre dans le module « tactique » du projet national ANR-Convergence,vise à fournir un nouveau cadre d’analyse, s’appuyant sur un ensemble de méthodes environnementales. Ce cadre doit permettre d'identifier et de planifier une séquence d’actions appropriée pour une meilleure intégration de l’environnement en entreprise. Ainsi, une analyse claire, visant l’identification de l’ensemble des méthodes et solutions existantes et l’identification de leurs interrelations a été menée.Notre travail a ainsi consisté à identifier les corrélations opérationnelles entre les méthodes via une cartographie, puis a mettre en évidence des relations entre ces méthodes et les besoins dynamiques des entreprises. Ceci nous a permis de proposer au final une approche systémique pour la création de feuilles de route environnementales en entreprise. Ces feuilles de route vont s’adresser aussi bien aux niveaux stratégiques, tactiques qu’opérationnels des entreprises.Les résultats de trois expérimentations menées montrent que les propositions ci-dessus conduisent bien à la création de feuilles de routes appropriées aux besoins réels et souvent dynamiques des entreprises.Ces feuilles de routes tracent ainsi les actions à mener et indiquent les potentiels outils à leur associer,afin d’identifier le processus opérationnel réel et d'organiser le flux de travail entre les différentes fonctions de l'entreprise. / To answer environmental challenge and create new competitive advantages, the companies needto consider and integrate environmental considerations into all its processes. Numerous environmentalmethods exist as well as solutions to integrate them into companies. But, the literature review realisedindicates that a systemic approach combining strategic and practical needs from eco-design couldfacilitate this integration.This thesis, which represents the "tactic" module of the national research project ANR- Convergence,aims to provide a new framework to identify a suitable operational trajectory for a better integration ofenvironmental consideration in companies. Thus, a clear analysis about the identification of theseexisting methods and their interrelationships was realised. Our work was to identify the operativecorrelation between methods via a cartography, then the relationship between those methods and thedynamic needs/contexts of companies to finally propose ” environmental roadmaps. So, we finallypropose a systematic approach to define environmental roadmaps in companies.Those roadmapsconcern the strategis, tactic and operational levels in companies.The results of three academic/industrial experiments demonstrate that all proposals of this thesis couldensure effectively the identification of a suitable systemic trajectories’ group based on actual corporateneeds and its dynamic context. The pre-defined chain of action and the list of available tools providedsupport the company to identify the working process and to organize the workflow between differentcorporate functions.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-16T15:23:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2057260 bytes, checksum: bc6c358bb454adf5055a3028ea19dd38 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The use of descriptive methodology and analysis of social networks are prioritized as a methodological alternative for the study and understanding of the National Program for Youth Inclusion, the so called Projovem Urbano . The proposal is to describe the networking system of PJU, in an attempt to develop the organizational design of the networks which can be found in it. The results can contribute to the development of an organizational design of existing networks, establishing links (knots) among major components, characterizing a specific type of social network which involves the intention of providing young people with educational opportunities in aspects such as elementary education, vocational training, citizenship awareness and digital inclusion into the information society. Emphasis is given to the specific reality of the Brazilian state of Paraíba (PB), which was selected because of the lack of studies on the performance of the Program within the state, but also because of the insertion of the researcher into the context of the Northeastern Region (NE). Thus, the general objective of the research is stated as follows: to analyze the social network(s) of the Projovem Urbano Program in the state of Paraíba (PB-PJU) as an integrating part of a national network of PJU as a public policy for the schooling of Brazilian youth in the above mentioned aspects of education, professionalism, citizenship awareness and digital inclusion. Thereafter, the operational objectives are identified: (a) to examine the organizational design of the social networks of PJU in its condition as a networking management system, (b) to verify the directions as well as the manner through which the flow of information occurs in the PJU PB social network, (c) to contribute to the construction of an organizational design of the social network(s) of PJU-PB considering the National PJU Program as datum level. In order to achieve the intended goals, we discuss the basic concepts for the study of the PJU social networks on the Internet, which requires analysis of the Information Science and its interdisciplinary nature, as well as inclusion of access and retrieval of information in the sphere of CI. Finally, we present the public (informational) policies in the educational context of the Projovem Urbano Program, which demands conceptualizing public policies in general terms and also particularly in the case of Projovem Urbano , as well as the public policies pertaining to youth, education and information. The driving force of the research lies on the belief that this study can contribute to the challenge of the Program: to approximate the various administrations of PJU in several states of Brazil in the quest for social inclusion of young people aged between 18 and 29 years old who haven t completed elementary education, in the context of the practice of citizenship rights. / Prioriza-se o uso da metodologia descritiva e de análise das redes sociais como alternativa metodológica para estudo e compreensão do Programa Nacional de Inclusão de Jovens, o ProJovem Urbano. A proposta é descrever o sistema de redes do PJU, na tentativa de construir o desenho organizacional das redes nele presentes. Os resultados podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de um desenho organizacional das redes existentes, estabelecendo elos (grafos) entre os principais componentes, caracterizando um modelo específico de rede social que envolve a intenção da formação de jovens nos aspectos da educação básica, qualificação profissional, participação cidadã e inclusão digital na sociedade da informação. Dá-se ênfase à realidade específica da Paraíba (PB), Unidade Federativa selecionada por conta da escassez de estudos sobre a atuação do Programa, no âmbito do Estado, como também, da inserção da pesquisadora no contexto da região Nordeste (NE). Enuncia-se, assim, o objetivo geral da pesquisa: analisar a(s) rede(s) social (is) do ProJovem Urbano no Estado da Paraíba (PJU-PB) como parte integrante de uma rede nacional do PJU como política pública para a formação da juventude brasileira nos aspectos educacionais, profissionais, de participação cidadã e inclusão digital. A partir daí, identificam-se os objetivos operacionais: (a) analisar o desenho organizacional das redes sociais do PJU em sua condição de gestão em rede; (b) verificar em que direções e como acontece o fluxo de informação na rede social do PJU-PB; (c) contribuir para a construção de um desenho organizacional da(s) rede(s) social(is) do PJU-PB a partir do PJU Nacional. Para a consecução dos objetivos pretendidos, discutem-se conceitos básicos para o estudo das redes sociais do PJU na internet o que pressupõe analisar a Ciência da Informação e sua natureza interdisciplinar, bem como a inserção do acesso e da recuperação da informação na esfera da CI. No momento seguinte, apresentam-se as políticas públicas (informacionais) no contexto educacional do ProJovem Urbano, o que demanda conceituar as políticas públicas em termos genéricos e, em especial, no caso do ProJovem Urbano, e, também, as políticas públicas de juventude, educacionais e de informação. A mola propulsora da investigação está na crença de que este estudo pode contribuir para o desafio do Programa: aproximar as diferentes gestões do PJU em diversos Estados do Brasil na busca pela inclusão social dos jovens entre 18 e 29 anos sem ensino fundamental concluído, no contexto da prática dos direitos de cidadania.