Darbe keliama dizaino ir marketingo dermės stoka, menkas šių sričių specialistų bendradarbiavimas. Tyrimais siekiama įrodyti dizaino ir marketingo sąveikos būtinumą. Dizaino ir marketingo sąveika darbe pateikiama kaip labai aktuali Lietuvoje dizaino inovacija. Darbe atlikta dailės ir socialinių mokslų studentų baigiamųjų magistro darbų analizė. Pasirinkta 11 studentų darbų: 5 socialinių mokslų ir 6 menų mokslo srities. Studentų darbuose analizuojami trys pagrindiniai tyrimo objektai: komunikacija, reklama, firminis stilius. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad dizaino inovacijos turėtų reikštis glaudesne marketingo ir dizaino sąveika. Dizaino inovacijų plėtra turėtų pasireikšti šiomis tendencijomis: marketingo specialistai į marketingo rengimo strategiją turėtų įtraukti dizaino specialistus, dizaino specialistai turėtų rengti dizaino projektus pagal atitinkamą marketingo ir dizaino specialistų kartu parengtą marketingo strategiją. Galimi šie dizaino inovacijų diegimo lygiai: dizainas prie marketingo pritraukiamas galutiniam apipavidalinimui, dizainas naudojamas produkto gamyboje, dizainas dalyvauja produkto kūrime nuo pirmojo žingsnio. / The work highlights lack of tune between design and marketing, not sufficient collaboration among the professionals of these fields. The research aims to prove the necessity of interaction between design and marketing. Interaction of design and marketing is presented as a very relevant design innovation in Lithuania. The work is based on the analysis of master works of art and social sciences students. It covers 11 works, including 5 from the field of social sciences and 6 from art. Three main subjects of the research that have been analysed encompass communication, advertising and brand style. The research results indicated that design innovations should be expressed in a closer interaction between design and marketing. The development of design innovations should open out in the following trends: marketing professionals should involve design professionals into marketing planning strategy and design professional should prepare design projects under the appropriate marketing strategy, prepared jointly by marketing and design professionals. The following levels of implementation of design innovations are possible: design is incorporated into marketing for the final shaping; design is used in the process of production; design partakes in the product creation from the beginning.

Authors augment their texts using devices such as bold and italic typeface to signal important information to the reader. These typographical text signals are an example of a signal designed to have some affect on others. However, some signals emerge through the unplanned, indirect, and collective efforts of a group of individuals. Paths emerge in parks without having been designed by anyone. Objects accumulate wear patterns that signal how others have interacted with the object. Books open to important, well studied pages because the spine has worn, for example (Hill, Hollan, Wroblewski, & McCandless, 1992). Digital text and the large-scale collaboration made possible through the internet provide an opportunity to examine how unplanned, collaborative text signals could emerge. A software application was designed, called CoREAD, that enables readers to highlight sections of the text they deem important. In addition, CoREAD adds text signals to the text using font colour, based on the group's collective history and an aggregation function based on self-organising systems. The readers are potentially influenced by the text signals presented by CoREAD but also help to modify these same signals. Importantly, readers only interact with each other indirectly through the text. The design of CoREAD was greatly inspired by the previous work on history-enriched digital objects (Hill & Hollan, 1993) and at a more general level it can be viewed as an example of distributed cognition (Hollan, Hutchins, & Kirsh, 2000). / Forty undergraduate students read two texts on topics from psychology using CoREAD. Students were asked to read each text in order to write a summary of it. After each new student read the text, the text signals were changed to reflect the current group of students. As such, each student read the text with different text signals presented. / The data were analysed for each text to determine if the text signals that emerged were stable and valid representations of the semantic content of the text. As well, the students' summaries were analysed to determine if students who read the text after the text signals had stabilised produced better summaries. Three methods demonstrated that CoREAD was capable of generating stable typographical text signals. The high importance text signals also appeared to capture the semantic content of the texts. For both texts, a summary made of the high signals performed as well as a benchmark summary. The results did not suggest that the stable text signals assisted readers to produce better summaries, however. Readers may not respond to these collaborative text signals as they would to authorial text signals, which previous research has shown to be beneficial (Lorch, 1989). The CoREAD project has demonstrated that readers can produce stable and valid text signals through an unplanned, self-organising process.

This study, through the lens of Activity Theory, focused on the induction and constructivist teaching practices of experienced teachers who were recently hired in a technologically advantaged middle school. Activity Theory was used not only to examine the induction practices but also to focus on constructivist practices with technology. Data sources consisted of using various instruments three of which were used for surveys, 11 interviews were employed to assess goals, and 18 classroom observations were carried out regarding constructivist practices. Findings through Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) analysis revealed under-realized forms of mediation to achieve effective use of ICTs (objective) and the perceptions of collaboration among the teaching staff, specifically with respect to relationships between rules and the division of labor. In effect, this study presents a challenge for CHAT analysis to elaborate the construct of contradictions to include "latent contradictions" which is essential to an expansive learning cycle.

Educators need access to a technology-based instructional model that provides opportunities for students to develop an expanded set of skills, accommodates students' unique learning styles and rates, and which allows teachers flexibility in adapting the model to their own instructional styles. The thesis presents a concise operational definition of Technology Enhancement as it applies to instruction in secondary school classrooms. The definition of Technology Enhancement then forms the basis for developing criteria that can be used to establish and evaluate Technology Enhanced Instruction (TEI) programs in secondary schools. These criteria will also enable educators to ensure the longevity and continuity of the program in their schools, thus maximizing the educational benefits afforded by technology, while minimizing the potential capital costs. Technology will continue to pervade all aspects of educational institutions; educators are faced with the challenge of making effective use of technology and helping students to develop life-long learning skills without discarding established, effective educational strategies.

HPV vaccine school entry mandates and vaccine funding by state was examined using the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) theory. The DOI was applied to HPV immunization policy to evaluate the rate of vaccine adoption and to determine whether associations existed between an empirical need for vaccine adoption and action by the states. State-level data on political characteristics, health and policy were collected from several secondary sources. Data analyses were performed utilizing SPSS logistic regression models. Odds rations were used to evaluate the associations between the independent and dependent variables to determine whether there was a statistical significance level of .05. Cervical Cancer incidence in a state was significantly associated with HPV school entry mandates (proposed or enacted), but it did not show a significant association with HPV vaccine funding. Diffusion of vaccine innovation is slow, which may offer additional opportunities to evaluate effective policy strategies for coverage and use of the HPV vaccine.

Magistro darbo konceptualiojoje dalyje išanalizuoti ir susisteminti įvairių Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių teoriniai inovacijų sampratos, pagrindinių jos bruožų, bei inovacinių projektų finansavimo šaltinių ir inovacinių projektų efektyvumo vertinimo metodologiniai aspektai. Analitinėje dalyje įvertintas Lietuvos įmonių inovatyvumo lygis tarptautiniame kontekste, bei išanalizuoti inovacinės veiklos finansavimo šaltiniai. Atliktas UAB „Agro vartai“ inovacinio projekto efektyvumo įvertinimas diskontuotų pinigų srautų metodu. Išanalizuoti įmonės finansiniai rodikliai, bei palyginti su rekomenduojamomis reikšmėmis. Konstruktyviojoje dalyje sudarytas inovacinių projektų efektyvumo daugiakriterinis modelis, leidžiantis išsamiai ir kompleksiškai įvertinti inovacinius projektus, pateikiant vieną apibendrinamąjį rodiklį, kuris gana objektyviai rodo projekto efektyvumą. / The conceptual part of the Master’s paper analyses and systematizes different Lithuanian and foreign theoretical innovative conception, main features, as well as sources of the innovative projects’ financing and methodological aspects of the innovative projects efficiency evaluations. The analytical part evaluates the innovation level of the Lithuanian enterprises in the international context and analyses financial sources of the innovative activity. Evaluation of the JSC “Agro vartai” innovative project’s efficiency is done using the method of the discounted money flows. The financial indexes of the enterprise were analyzed and compared with the recommended meanings. The constructive part presents the multi - criteria model of the innovative projects efficiency, giving possibility circumstantially and in complex way to evaluate the innovative projects, providing one summarizing index, which very objectively shows the efficiency of the project.

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