Submitted by Silvar Ribeiro (silvarfribeiro@gmail.com) on 2015-07-31T02:49:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Revisão_Final.pdf: 6102234 bytes, checksum: ba33232b55704651aa8b704eb385cf82 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2015-08-27T17:28:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Revisão_Final.pdf: 6102234 bytes, checksum: ba33232b55704651aa8b704eb385cf82 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-27T17:28:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Revisão_Final.pdf: 6102234 bytes, checksum: ba33232b55704651aa8b704eb385cf82 (MD5) / Programa de Doutorado Sanduíche no Exterior - PDSE - CAPES Proc N.º BEX 3517/13-6 / Esta pesquisa trata do mapeamento de Práticas inovadoras de gestão do conhecimento, observadas na Uneb, no âmbito do Sistema Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB). Realizou-se um estudo dos processos de gestão do conhecimento, que foram desenvolvidos em rede e praticados de forma colaborativa pelas universidades que fazem parte da UAB. Constatou-se que estes processos foram criados desde a concepção do projeto da UAB e implementados no período de consolidação da modalidade de educação a distância nas universidades públicas brasileiras, que teve início no ano de 2006 com sua a criação. Foram utilizadas técnicas de mapeamento cognitivo para desenvolver as análises, buscando-se a utilização desta experiência e a sua sistematização, para delinear o processo que recebeu o nome de Gestão Colaborativa do Conhecimento em Rede (GCCR), concebido no desenvolvimento desta pesquisa e que utiliza as tecnologias da informação na gestão do conhecimento na universidade. Após o Mapeamento dos processos, realizados a partir da Universidade do Estado da Bahia, considerando a sua participação na UAB e a sua interação com as demais instituições que o integram, foram realizadas reflexões com a utilização de modelos de análises, desenvolvidos para este fim, através das quais foram considerados os aspectos legais e as diretrizes criadas pelo Sistema UAB, desde a sua concepção e que motivaram a sua morfologia de rede colaborativa. Foram analisadas, ainda, as práticas interativas nos processos de gestão do conhecimento, os quais foram desenhados em forma de mapas, a partir dos referenciais teóricos assumidos neste estudo. Os referenciais para o estudo das competências e do exercício prático da competência colaboração pelos coordenadores UAB, representantes das instituições de ensino superior integrantes do Sistema, no seu dia a dia, foram o resultado do estágio de doutorado sanduíche, realizado na Open University, no Reino Unido em 2013, de onde vieram também as discussões sobre Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REA) e o aprofundamento das técnicas da cartografia cognitiva, amplamente empregada. Os procedimentos de gestão decorrentes deste processo foram registrados e analisados para dar-lhes maior visibilidade, buscando maior consistência à sua compreensão como processo gerencial e visando a possibilitar o seu uso em prol da qualidade da gestão do conhecimento na educação superior a distância. Os resultados deixam evidente a existência de um processo inovador de gestão do conhecimento na universidade, que tem como base principal o exercício da competência colaboração e se concretiza através de uma rede de interações entre os componentes do sistema, utilizando-se comunidades virtuais na Internet, criadas para este fim e outras estruturas de encontros presenciais, sistematicamente realizados. / ABSTRACT This research focuses on the mapping of innovative practices of knowledge management, observed in UNEB under the Open University System of Brazil (UAB). It was conducted a study of knowledge management processes that have been developed and practiced collaboratively on network by universities that are part of UAB. It was found that these processes have been created since the conception of the UAB project and implemented in the period of consolidation of distance learning in Brazilian public universities, which began in 2006 with UAB‟s creation. The cognitive mapping techniques were used to develop the analysis, seeking to use this experience and their systematization, to outline the process that was named Collaborative Knowledge Management Network (CKMN), designed in the development of this research and uses information technology in knowledge management at the university. After mapping the processes performed from the University of the State of Bahia, considering its participation in the UAB and its interaction with other institutions that integrate, reflections were performed with the use of analyzes models, developed for this purpose, through the which were considered the legal aspects and guidelines created by the UAB System, from conception and giving rise to the morphology of collaborative network. Were also analyzed, interactive practices in knowledge management processes, which were designed in the form of maps, from the theoretical references made in this study. The reference for the study of the skills and practical exercise of jurisdiction by UAB collaboration coordinators, representatives of higher education institutions members of the System, in their day to day, were the result of sandwich doctoral stage, held at the Open University in the United Kingdom in 2013, from which also came the discussions on Open Educational Resources (OER) and the further development of techniques of cognitive mapping, widely used. Management procedures of this process were recorded and analyzed to give them greater visibility, seeking greater consistency to its understanding as a management process and in order to allow its use for the quality of knowledge management in distance higher education. The results show clearly the existence of an innovative process of knowledge management in the university, which is mainly based on the exercise of the competence of collaboration realized by a network of interactions between system components, using virtual communities on the Internet, created for this purpose and other face meetings structures, systematically performed.

隨著各縣市陸續成立地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算，使得國中小開始具有發展「學校本位財務管理」之契機。復因近來教育界也開始關切「學校創新經營」如何在國中小特色學校實施的議題。只是「學校本位財務管理」及「學校創新經營」都是一種經營管理的手段，因此本研究希望進一步探討其是否能達到提升「學校效能」之目的。 　　本研究採用文獻分析法、訪談法及問卷調查法進行研究。訪談法方面，發展出「地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算與國中小學校本位財務管理關係訪談大綱」作為研究工具，並採立意抽樣方式從臺北市、高雄市、新北市、桃園縣、基隆市等5個縣市抽取11位受訪者進行電話訪談。至問卷調查方面，則以「學校本位財務管理、學校創新經營與學校效能調查問卷」為研究工具，並以已成立地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算且獲教育部補助國中小特色學校經費之49個學校教職員作為研究對象，採簡單隨機抽樣方式進行問卷調查並剔除無效問卷，獲得有效樣本數802份。本研究除採用結構方程模式分析方法及LISREL8.72軟體分別驗證學校本位財務管理、學校創新經營及學校效能之內涵外，也進一步據以探討學校本位財務管理、學校創新經營及學校效能之間的關係。並且也透過平均數及SPSS13.0軟體來瞭解學校本位財務管理、學校創新經營及學校效能之現況。此外，更透過具潛在變項的路徑分析及Mplus 5.0軟體，來探討填答者的不同背景變項(包括性別、現任職務、教育程度、服務年資、服務地區、學校規模)是否分別對於學校本位財務管理、學校創新經營及學校效能具有預測效果。 本研究可獲得幾個主要研究結論如下： 一、「地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算」與國中小「學校本位財務管理」關係之訪談結果 　(一)簡言之，縣市政府成立地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算以後，其所轄國中小多能具備附屬單位預算之特性及優點，並有助於落實「學校本位財務管理」的理念。 　(二)地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算在相關制度規劃或授權方面的待改善之處 　　1.各縣市政府基於財政考量，仍對其地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算自訂額外的限制，有待逐步協調放寬之可行性。 　　2.非直轄市之地方政府認為宜成立專業、專責的會計單位，以處理地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算相關事務。 　　3.地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算之預算執行規定及作業方式經常變動，且業務相關人員異動頻繁，造成許多預算執行困擾。 　　4.「地方教育發展基金會計資訊系統」之開發過程並未充分訪談會計人員需求，且系統不夠穩定而功能不足，故仍有待改善。 　(三)多數(6位)受訪者較喜歡「地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算」的運作型態，另有3位認為還好(或各有利弊)，2位則相對傾向於較不喜歡。 二、學校本位財務管理、學校創新經營及學校效能之實施現況方面 　(一)成立地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算以後，國中小「學校本位財務管理」之實施現況尚屬略高程度(M=3.88)。 　(二)成立地方教育發展基金附屬單位預算之國中小特色學校，其「學校創新經營」實施程度很高(M=4.06)，且具有很高的學校效能(M=4.09)。 三、學校本位財務管理、學校創新經營及學校效能之關係方面 　(一)「學校本位財務管理」對於「學校創新經營」具有高度正向的直接效果(γ1=.78)，此顯示學校本位財務管理之實施程度越高，越有助於提高學校創新經營之實施情形。 　(二)「學校創新經營」對「學校效能」具有高度正向的直接效果(β1=.92)，此顯示學校創新經營之實施程度越高，越有助於提高學校效能。 　(三)雖然「學校本位財務管理」並不能對「學校效能」產生顯著的直接效果，但「學校本位財務管理」卻可透過「學校創新經營」來對「學校效能」產生間接效果(其效果量為.72)。亦即「學校本位財務管理」實施程度越高，越能透過促進「學校創新經營」實施程度之提高，進而間接提升「學校效能」。 四、背景變項對學校本位財務管理、學校創新經營及學校效能之效果方面 　(一)對於學校本位財務管理具有顯著效果之背景變項，計有性別(男>女)、現任職務(行政人員>教師)、服務地區(直轄市>一般縣市)、學校規模(12班以下>25班至48班)等4個變項。 　(二)對於學校創新經營具有顯著效果之背景變項，計有性別(男>女)、現任職務(行政人員>教師)、學校規模(12班以下>49班以上；12班以下>25班至48班)等3個變項。 　(三)對於學校效能具有顯著效果之背景變項，計有性別(男>女)、現任職務(行政人員>教師)、學校規模(12班以下>49班以上；12班以下>25班至48班)等3個變項。 　　最後，本研究並依據上述研究成果，提出各項具體建議。 / With the establishment of the affiliated units’ budget of local education development fund by many municipalities and counties, there are more and more opportunities to develop the “school-based financial management” (SBFM). And there were more and more researches stress the way to implement the school innovative management in specialist schools in the academic circles. However, the “school-based financial management” and “school innovative management” are both parts of the management methods. Therefore, the present study wanted to explore whether these two management methods can achieve the purpose of enhancing “school effectiveness.” 　　The present study adopted three approaches, including “literature review,” “interview,” and “questionnaire survey.” In terms of the interview, the present study designed “the outline of the interview on the relationship between affiliated units’ budget of the local education development fund and school-based financial management in junior high schools and elementary schools” as an instrument. The present study chose 11 participants from the county government and schools in the Taipei city, Kaohsiung city, New Taipei city, Taoyuan County, and Keelung city by purpose sampling. Eventually, the present study had interviewed those participants by telephone. In the aspect of questionnaire survey, the study designed the “questionnaire of the school-based financial management, school innovative management and school effectiveness” as the instruments. Teachers and staff from 49 specialist schools were the participants, and they were from schools that implemented the affiliated units’ budget of local education development fund. The present study distributed questionnaires by simple random sampling, and got 802 valid samples after gathering and deleting some invalid questionnaires. The study not only took structural equation modeling and the software of LISREL8.72 to confirm the contents of the school-based financial management, school innovative management, and school effectiveness respectively, but also confirmed the relationships of the school-based financial management, school innovative management, and school effectiveness. Moreover, the present study adopted means and the software of SPSS13.0 to understand the current situations of the school-based financial management, school innovative management, and school effectiveness. Furthermore, the present study adopted the path analysis with latent variables and the software of Mplus5.0 so as to understand whether the context variables of the subjects would have predictive effects on the school-based financial management, school innovative management, or school effectiveness. Those context variables included the sex, position, education level, seniority, district, and school size of the participants. 　　There were some major conclusions made as follows: 1.The results of the interview on the relationship between “affiliated units’ budget of the local education development fund” and “school-based financial management in junior high schools and elementary schools” 　(1) In brief, junior high schools and elementary schools had most of the properties and advantages of the affiliated units’ budget after the municipality and county governments establishing the affiliated units’ budget of the local education development fund, and it’s helpful for the schools to implement the “school-based financial management.” 　(2) The deficiencies of the affiliated units’ budget of local education development fund: A. There are still some additional restrictions of the affiliated units’ budget of local education development fund made by the municipal and county governments, which should be loosened. B. Other county governments except for municipal governments suggest that they need to set up a professional special agency to conduct those affairs of the affiliated units’ budget of local education development fund. C. The regulations and operations of the affiliated units’ budget of local education development fund always change, and the staff redeploy too often, so that there are some problems in the process of practices. D. The interviews of the accountants’ needs are insufficient during the development process of “the accounting system of local education development fund”. Furthermore, the system is unstable and its functions are insufficient, so there is still room for improvement. 　(3) As for the preference degree of the affiliated units’ budget of local education development fund, most of the participants (6 participants) felt “like”, 3 participants felt “fair”, and 2 participants felt relatively “unlike.” 2.The current situation of the school-based financial management, school innovative management, and school effectiveness (1) The current situation of the school-based financial management belonged to the extent of slightly high (M=3.88) after establishing the affiliated units’ budget of the local education development fund. (2) The specialist schools’ practice extent of the “school innovative management” was very high (M=4.06), and their “school effectiveness” was also very high (M=4.09) after establishing the affiliated units’ budget of the local education development fund. 3.The relationships between school-based financial management, school innovative management, and school effectiveness (1) “School-based financial management” has far-reaching and positive direct effects(γ1=.78) on “school innovative management”. That is, the higher the implement degree of “School-based financial management” is, the higher practice degree of “school innovative management” will be. (2) “School innovative management” has far-reaching and positive direct effects(β1=.92) on “school effectiveness”. That is, the higher the practice degree of “school innovative management” is, the better the “school effectiveness” will be. (3) Although the “School-based financial management” has no significant effect on “school effectiveness”, “School-based financial management” has an indirect effect on “school effectiveness” through the “school innovative management” (the indirect effect size is .72). In other words, when the practice degree of “School-based financial management” is higher, the “school effectiveness” will be enhanced indirectly through the “school innovative management” 4.The effects of the context variables on the school-based financial management, school innovative management, and school effectiveness (1) 4 context variables have significant effects on the school-based financial management. These variables involve sex, position, district, and school size. (2) 3 context variables have significant effects on the school innovative management. These variables include sex, position, and school size. (3) 3 context variables have significant effects on the school effectiveness. These variables are sex, position, and school size. Finally, according to the results of the present study, there were some suggestions be proposed.