The role of the school leader in developing project work in educational process In the master work, the role of the school leader in developing project work in educational process is being discussed. Project work in educational process is chosen as the main object of the work. The objective of the research is to survey the organization of project work and to discover the peculiar role of the school leader in developing project work in educational process. The implementation of the project work method into educational process helps to perform one of the aims of the reformed school – to form a democratic, humane school life, establishing conditions for students‘ independence, creativeness and initiativeness to expand. In this work the theoretical aspects of one of the active methods – project work is being analyzed. The project work method is discussed as scholarly – pedagogic problem. The functions of the head of the school as a leader in the process of developing project work are presented. The role of the head of the school in developing project work is important as through it the perfection of the educational process of the school is achieved. The process of institutionalization of such practice is described. In order to analyse the experience of the teachers in project work and the attitude of the head of the school towards the application of project work method, the research was accomplished in the cities of Vilnius, Kedainiai, Marijampole, Alytus as well as in... [to full text]

Šiuo darbu buvo siekiama įvertinti manipuliavimo žmogaus gyvybe moderniojoje medicinoje situaciją, išaiškinti to priežastis, išanalizuoti įvairius aspektus, ieškoti jų sąryšių sąryšių. Šio tikslo buvo siekiama analizuojant literatūrą. Modernioji medicina – sudėtingas valstybės, naujausių technologijų, mokslo, komercijos, teisės interesų susidūrimo ir veiklos sfera, todėl čia nuolat randasi naujos etinės problemos, kurių sėkmingas sprendimas reikalauja susikalbėjimo ir visų suinteresuotųjų grupių veiksmų suderinimo. Manipuliavimas žmogaus gyvybe moderniojoje medicinoje – institucionalizavimo, racionalizavimo, komercializavimo, technologizavimo rezultatas, dėl to moderniosios medicinos situaciją galima būtų įvertinti, kaip krizę Manipuliavimas žmogaus gyvybe tampa įmanomas, kai gydymo procese technologijos, instituciniai ir komerciniai interesai tampa tikslu, o ne priemone. Medicinos technologizavimas išplėtė medicinos veiklos sferą, medicina tapo atsakinga ne tik už žmogaus gydymą, bet ir už visuomenės problemų sprendimą. Jungiantis technologijoms ir komercijai, manipuliavimas įgavo dar platesnį mąstą. Technologijų ir komercijos sąjunga mediciną pavertė žmogaus įgeidžių tenkinimo priemone. Tai po truputį keičia ir gali iš esmės pakeisti tradicinę visuomenės struktūrą, žmonių tarpusavio santykius, moralę, žmogaus prigimtį. Sustabdyti manipuliavimą žmogaus gyvybe, grąžinti visuminį žmogaus suvokimą medicinoje galima per dialogą ieškant... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The purpose of this work is to evaluate the situation of manipulation with the human life in modern medicine, to find out the reasons, to analyze various aspects, to look for their connections. In pursuance of this objective the literature was analyzed. Modern medicine - complex sphere of the collision of state, ultimate technologies, science, commerce, law interests and activities, so new ethic problems arise therein permanently. The successful solution of these problems requires reciprocal understanding and coordination of the actions of all interested groups. Manipulation with the human life in modern medicine is the result of institutionalization, rationalization, commercialization and technological approach, therefore the situation of modern medicine could be evaluated as a crisis. Manipulation with the human life becomes possible when technologies, institutional and commercial interests become the objective of the treatment process rather than the instrument. Technological approach in medicine had expanded the sphere of medical activity; the medicine became liable not only for the treatment of the man, but for the solution of the society problems as well. In the process of cooperation of the technologies and commerce, the manipulation had taken even wider dimension. Due to the conjunction of technologies and commerce the medicine became the instrument for meeting of the human’s fancies. It little by little changes and can change... [to full text]