L’objectif de cette thèse est d’apporter une contribution sur les perspectives d’intégration régionale des territoires français du Pacifique dans le contexte international actuel, et d’identifier plus particulièrement les potentialités de développement d’activités sur les marchés extérieurs. L’émancipation des collectivités françaises en Océanie ne peut se résumer à leur éradication de la liste des dix-sept territoires à décoloniser de l’Organisation des Nations Unies (ONU). Plus généralement, l’insertion dans les flux du commerce international des îles de moins d’un million d’habitants est au cœur des enjeux du développement insulaire. Ainsi, nous tenterons de savoir si la représentation de référence des économies du Pacifique, MIRAB (Migration, Remittances, Aid, Bureaucracy), répond toujours aux défis apportés par la mondialisation. En effet, le système commercial multilatéral connaît une mutation profonde et semble engagé dans un morcellement régional de ses sphères d’influence. Depuis le début des années 2000, l’initiative des accords Pacific Island Countries Trade Agreement (PICTA) et Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations (PACER) apparaît comme la première étape pour la construction d’un marché régional unique dans le Pacifique. L’Océanie compte sept millions de consommateurs répartis sur un tiers de la surface du globe. Mais l’éloignement, le faible degré d’ouverture et l’hétérogénéité des îles du Pacifique influent directement sur les politiques commerciales. En sus, en Nouvelle-Calédonie comme en Polynésie française plus de 97% des entreprises ont moins de 10 salariés. Comme dans la majorité des îles d’Océanie, le modèle économique n’est orienté que vers le marché intérieur et présente peu de compétences pour l’export. Dans ce contexte, les territoires français sont tous deux référencés comme l’un des 34 « hotspot » de la biodiversité ; leurs écosystèmes sont parmi les plus diversifiés au monde. Fort de cet avantage comparatif, la valorisation de la faune et la flore endémiques peut néanmoins prendre différentes formes : l’agriculture, le tourisme, l’extraction des ressources, la recherche scientifique. Nous tenterons de définir l’exploitation du patrimoine naturel la plus appropriée dans une logique de développement durable. / The objective of this thesis is to make a significant contribution on the prospects of regional integration of the French Pacific territories in the current international context. As well, it aims at identifying the opportunities for business development to the export market. The emancipation of the French collectivities in Oceania cannot be confined to removing them from United Nations’ list of seventeen territories to be decolonized. More generally, the integration of islands with populations of under one million into international trade flows is the key to the issues of insular development. We will therefore seek to determine whether the MIRAB (Migration, Remittances, Aid, Bureaucracy) reference model of the Pacific economies is still up to the challenges of globalization. The multilateral trading system is undergoing profound change and seems to be seeing a regional fragmentation of its spheres of influence. Since the early 2000’s, the initiative of the Pacific Island Countries Trade Agreement (PICTA) and Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations (PACER) agreements would appear to be the first step towards the construction of a regional single market in the Pacific. Oceania represents a market of seven million consumers scattered over one-third of the surface area of the globe. Geographical isolation, lack of commercial openings and the heterogeneous nature of the Pacific Island economies have a direct influence on commercial policies. Furthermore, in New Caledonia as in French Polynesia 97% are very small businesses employing less than 10 people. As in most islands of Oceania, the economic model is only oriented toward the internal market and is not structured for export. In this context, the French Pacific territories are labeled as one of the 34 «hotspot » of the biodiversity; their ecosystems are amongst the most diversified in the world. Rich of this competitive advantage, the valorization of the endemic fauna and flora can take many forms: agriculture, tourism, extraction of resources, scientific research…We will try to define the most profitable exploitation of the natural heritage for a sustainable development.

The Atnarko complex located in west-central British Columbia comprises pre-Early Jurassic metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks, termed the Atnarko assemblage, which is structurally interleaved with Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous orthogneiss. The Atnarko assemblage correlates with continental margin assemblages found within the Coast plutonic complex. Tectonic interaction between the Insular and Intermontane superterranes resulted in several phases of deformation including; 1) poorly preserved Jurassic deformation, 2) Early to mid-Cretaceous, southwest to west directed, compression, 3) mid-Cretaceous, north to northeast directed, compression, 4) mid- to Late Cretaceous dextral and sinistral ductile/brittle shearing, and 5) post latest Cretaceous brittle faulting. Peak metamorphism coincides with generation of migmatite in the Early Cretaceous (~117-115 Ma) and is contemporaneous with penetrative ductile fabrics. The Atnarko complex had cooled below 350°C by the Late. Comparison of the Atnarko complex to equivalent portions of the orogen along strike, indicates a post mid-Cretaceous change in structural style. To the northwest the orogen records continued southwest-directed compression which dominates the deformation style; while to the southeast large dextral strike-slip faults dominate. Relative plate motions between ca. 70-60 Ma indicate that dextral transpression occurred between the Kula and North American plates. Strain during this transpressive deformation was partitioned into compressive and translational regions. The Atnarko complex area is situated at the transition between translation and compression. The conditions of the lower and middle crust within the orogen were established by how strain was partitioned across the orogen. The distributed strain also shaped how the orogen responded to Tertiary extension. Continued compression to the northwest of the Atnarko complex led to increased crustal thickness and partial melting of lower and middle crust in the Tertiary. Conversely, the cessation of compression in the southeast lead to a more stable (i.e. cooler) crustal lithosphere. A change in relative plate motions in the early Tertiary triggered full-scale, orogen-perpendicular, collapse in the northwest facilitated by decoupling between the middle and lower crusts along thermally weakened layers. Localized orogen-parallel extension occurred in the southeast which was kinematically linked to large dextral strike-slip faults where the upper crust remained coupled to the middle and lower crust. / Science, Faculty of / Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of / Graduate

abstract: Opioid use rates and related deaths continue to be a public health crisis; while there are many contributing factors to opioid use disorders, criteria for diagnosis include problems related to social functioning. Previous research indicates that laboratory rats, which are frequently used as animal models of addiction-related behaviors, are capable of prosocial behavior. The following collection of studies were performed to determine the effects of heroin on prosocial behavior in rats, as well as the role of the insula in both self-administration of heroin and prosocial behaviors. All of the experiments were conducted utilizing an established model of prosocial behavior in rats in which a performing rat releases a cagemate from a restrainer. The occurrence of and latency to free the confined rat was recorded. After baseline rescuing behavior was established, rats were allowed to self-administer heroin (0.06 mg/kg/infusion i.v.), and subsequent experimental conditions were imposed. Experimental conditions, in a series of different studies, included comparing heroin reinforcers with sucrose, chemogenetically modulating the insular cortex (both stimulatory and inhibitory processes) and administering excitotoxic lesions in the insula. There were significant differences in saving behaviors between heroin and sucrose groups demonstrating an opioid induced loss of prosocial behavior. Modulating the insula chemogenetically resulted in some restoration of these opioid related deficits, and insular lesions did not significantly impact prosocial behaviors, however, there were significant differences between rates of heroin intake in lesioned animals versus non-lesioned controls. Taken together, these results demonstrate the deleterious effects of heroin on prosocial behaviors and offer further support for the role of the insula in both addiction and social constructs. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Psychology 2020

Numerous social and educational psychologists propose that intrinsic motivation generated by personal interests and spontaneous satisfactions is qualitatively different from extrinsic types of motivation generated by external compensations and also that intrinsic motivation is more beneficial to learning than extrinsic types of motivation. However, in the field of neuroscience, intrinsic motivation has been little studied while extrinsic types of motivation (e.g., incentive motivation) have been thoroughly studied. The purpose of the present studies was to expand the neural understanding of motivation to include intrinsic motivational processes. To do so, a series of three event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies were conducted. Study 1 and Study 2 compared the neural activities when participants decided to act for intrinsic reasons (i.e., self-determined volitional and agentic behavior) versus when they decided to act for extrinsic reasons (i.e., non-self-determined volitional and agentic behavior). Both studies showed that the anterior insular cortex, known to be related to a sense of agency, was more activated during self-determined behavior associated with intrinsic reasons for acting while the posterior parietal regions (e.g., posterior cingulate cortex, angular gyrus), known to be related to a sense of a loss of agency, were more activated during non-self-determined behavior associated with extrinsic reasons for acting. These findings confirm the existence of neural-based intrinsic motivational processes, differentiate intrinsic motivation from incentive motivation, and document the important neural activities which function for generating self-determined agentic action. Study 3 examined these same neural activities as participants engaged in interesting and uninteresting versions of two experimental tasks. Results confirmed the results of the earlier two studies, as the anterior insular cortex was more recruited when participants performed the interesting, but not the uninteresting, version of the tasks. Results also extended the findings from Studies 1 and 2 in an important way in that the ventral striatum, a well-known brain region for reward processing, was more activated when participants performed the interesting, but not the uninteresting, version of the experimental tasks. These findings suggest that intrinsic motivation is generated based on the feeling of intrinsic need satisfaction (from anterior insular cortex activations) and the feeling of reward (from ventral striatum activations). Overall, the present research established three new findings: (1) the neural bases of intrinsic motivation lies largely in increased anterior insular cortical activities; (2) when people made decisions about self-determined intrinsically-motivated behavior, they show enhanced insular cortical activities and suppressed posterior parietal cortical activities; and (3) when people engaged in actual self-determined intrinsically-motivated behavior, they show enhanced insular cortical and ventral striatal activities. In establishing these new findings, the paper introduces a new area of study for motivational neuroscience--namely, intrinsic motivation.

This work deals with a creation of model of synchronous generator in programmes such as Simplorer and Maxwell, and also its operation in an insular operation. In the paper are described Maxwells equations for solving electromagnetic field, theory of synchronous machine, further are briefly described a simulation programmes which were used. In the next part of work is described production of geometric model of generator and its later electromagnetic analysis in the Maxwell programmes environment. For a simulation of generators operation in insular operation were chosen 2 cases. The first case simulates an operation of generator at the step change of residence of R-L load, the second simulation an automatic regulation of voltage at the step change of residence of R-L load. The simulations were running in the Simplorer programme and at link simulation Maxwell Simplorer programmes.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-08-03T11:52:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Gabriela Bueno B. Silva.pdf: 16499028 bytes, checksum: f77bf195f420f4227c29b60a75895d0d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T11:52:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Gabriela Bueno B. Silva.pdf: 16499028 bytes, checksum: f77bf195f420f4227c29b60a75895d0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / BITTENCOURT-SILVA, Gabriela Bueno. Insular Anuran (Amphibia) Communities of the Southeast Coast of Brazil: Taxonomic Composition and Relationship to the History of the Islands. 2011. 72p. Dissertation (Master of Science in Animal Biology). Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, RJ, 2011. A data set containing a list of the known species of frogs that occur near shore and on eight islands of the south coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro and north of the State of S?o Paulo was produced. For that, I compiled data from the literature and conducted inventories of a few of the islands. This list included 67 anuran species belonging to 11 families for eight islands and 117 species and 14 families for two localities on the mainland. The pattern of richness between islands was analyzed in respect to the island area and the composition of habitats used by the anurans for reproduction. Insular structural complexity was also evaluated in this regard. The results of correlation analyses of area vs. species richness and species richness vs. number of reproductive habitats were highly significant indicating that species richness prediction in fragmented environments depends on both factors. Nestedness analyses using the metric NODF was performed in an attempt to investigate whether shared species absences among the islands are the result of a random process or represents a pattern indicative of ordered loss of species. The predicted pattern was confirmed ? that is, that species loss is nonrandom and that this was possibly caused by habitat loss. The role played by climatic events at the beginning of the Holocene and of the availability of reproductive habitats in the islands upon species loss is discussed. Furthermore, it is discussed how these results can help to guide conservation strategies of anuran species. / BITTENCOURT-SILVA, Gabriela Bueno. Comunidades de Anf?bios Anuros Insulares do Litoral Sudeste do Brasil: Composi??o Taxon?mica e Rela??es com a Hist?ria de Forma??o das Ilhas. 2011. 72p. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Biologia Animal). Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, RJ, 2011. Atrav?s de invent?rios e compila??o de dados da literatura levantou-se a composi??o de esp?cies de anf?bios anuros de oito ilhas, sendo seis da Costa Verde do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e duas do litoral norte do Estado de S?o Paulo. Al?m das ilhas, foram tamb?m compilados da literatura os invent?rios de duas comunidades representativas do litoral dos dois Estados. Adicionalmente, foram registradas 67 esp?cies, pertencentes a 11 fam?lias de anuros nas ilhas e 117 esp?cies e 14 fam?lias para o continente. O padr?o de distribui??o de riqueza das ilhas foi avaliado em rela??o ? ?rea das ilhas, ? composi??o de ambientes usados pelos anuros para reprodu??o e ? complexidade estrutural das ilhas. As an?lises de correla??o da riqueza de esp?cies vs. ?rea e riqueza de esp?cies vs. n?mero de ambientes reprodutivos apresentam resultados significativos, que s?o indicativos que a riqueza de esp?cies em ambientes fragmentados depende da intera??o de ambos os fatores. A fim de avaliar se as aus?ncias compartilhadas de esp?cies entre as ilhas ocorrem ao acaso ou encontram-se estruturadas, realizou-se uma an?lise de aninhamento com o aux?lio da m?trica NODF. O padr?o previsto foi confirmado e a perda de diversidade ? discutida em rela??o ? eventos clim?ticos do in?cio do Holoceno e ? disponibilidade de ambientes reprodutivos nas ilhas. Discute-se ainda como os resultados desse estudo podem servir para orientar programas de conserva??o de esp?cies de anf?bios anuros

L'insula est une structure complexe impliquée dans une variété de fonctions. Les études de connectivité par traçage chez les primates non humains ont révélé une multitude de connexions corticales entre l'insula et les lobes frontal (cortex orbitofrontal, cortex préfrontal, régions cingulaires, aire motrice supplémentaire), pariétal (cortex somatosensoriel primaire et secondaire) et temporal (pôle temporal, cortex auditif, cortex prorhinal et entorhinal). Les études de tractographie chez l'humain ont révélé des connexions structurelles similaires, mais n'ont pas rapporté de connexion avec le cortex cingulaire, malgré que cette structure soit reconnue comme étant fonctionnellement connectée à l’insula. Ce projet vise à approfondir la recherche sur la connectivité structurelle entre ces deux structures ainsi que d'autres régions connues comme étant fonctionnellement connectées à l'insula, à l'aide d'un échantillon plus grand et des plus récentes méthodes en tractographie par l’imagerie à haute résolution de diffusion angulaire basée sur des a priori anatomiques. En analysant les données de 46 participants adultes en bonne santé, notre étude rapporte un large éventail de connexions entre l’insula et les lobes frontal, temporal, pariétal et occipital ainsi que les régions limbiques, suivant un patron d’organisation rostrocaudal. Notamment, nous démontrons pour la première fois une connexion structurelle claire entre l’insula et les gyri cingulaire, parahippocampique, supramarginal et angulaire ainsi que le précunéus et les régions occipitales. / The insula is a complex structure involved in a wide range of functions. Tracing studies on non-human primates reveal a wide array of cortical connections in the frontal (orbitofrontal and prefrontal cortices, cingulate areas, and supplementary motor area), parietal (primary and secondary somatosensory cortices) and temporal (temporal pole, auditory, prorhinal and entorhinal cortices) lobes. However, recent human tractography studies have not observed connections between the insula and the cingulate cortices, although these structures are thought to be functionally intimately connected. In this work, we try to unravel the structural connectivity between these regions and other known functionally connected structures, benefiting from a higher number of subjects and the latest state-of-the-art high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) tractography algorithms with anatomical priors. By performing a HARDI tractography analysis on 46 young normal adults, our study reveals a wide array of connections between the insula and the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes as well as limbic regions, with a rostro-caudal organization in line with tracing studies in macaques. Notably, we reveal for the first time in humans a clear structural connectivity between the insula and the cingulate, parahippocampal, supramarginal and angular gyri as well as the precuneus and occipital regions.

O preá Cavia intermedia (Rodentia: Caviidae), uma espécie recém descrita encontrada exclusivamente no Arquipélago Moleques do Sul, em Santa Catarina, está entre os mamíferos mais raros do planeta. Esta espécie se diferencia de outros preás por características genéticas e morfológicas, muitas delas decorrentes de sua adaptação ao ambiente insular. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi obter dados comportamentais, tomados dentro da necessária matriz ecológica, para o conhecimento da organização social, distribuição espacial e uso dos recursos em C. intermedia. Nossa abordagem utilizou dados existentes de C. magna e C. aperea para situar os resultados em um contexto comparativo, ressaltando possíveis efeitos do isolamento em ambiente insular. Realizamos 25 viagens mensais à ilha, entre novembro de 2007 e dezembro de 2009, com cerca de oito dias cada. Utilizamos 49 armadilhas em um programa de captura-recaptura, no qual os animais foram marcados, medidos, pesados e conferidos quanto ao seu estado reprodutivo. A observação comportamental foi realizada em turnos de duas horas (scans a cada um minuto) em três áreas de grande avistamento de preás (Clareira da barraca, Campinho I e Campinho II), em um total de 636,7 h. Dos 132 indivíduos capturados, 118 foram marcados, sendo 71 machos e 47 fêmeas. A população foi composta em sua maior parte por indivíduos adultos, os quais possuem alta longevidade. Há maturação sexual tardia em relação às espécies preás do continente, além de uma redução no tamanho da ninhada (apenas um filhote). Os nascimentos se concentraram nos meses quentes e chuvosos, cessando em meses frios e com pouca chuva, quando os animais sofrem com a escassez de alimentos. O repertório comportamental de C. intermedia é rico e semelhante em sua forma geral ao de C. aperea, com diferenças em poucas categorias. O hábito alimentar se mostrou herbívoro generalista e dependente dos recursos alimentares disponíveis em cada uma das áreas amostradas, nas quais preás diferentes foram observados. As agregações dentro de cada área se mostraram fluídas, inexistindo territórios, mas encontramos algumas associações entre machos e fêmeas mais duradouras, além de uma hierarquia de dominância entre machos e entre fêmeas. O aumento no número de indivíduos capturados ao longo dos meses revelou um aprendizado por parte dos preás e a maior captura de machos em relação a fêmeas sugere que haja estratégias comportamentais diferentes nos dois sexos. Nossos resultados monstraram que C. intermedia possui diversas características comuns a outras espécies de roedores insulares (população com indivíduos mais velhos, alta longevidade, maturação sexual tardia e redução da ninhada, resposta anti-predatória reduzida, inexistência de territórios, aumento na tolerância a coespecíficos e na freqüência de interações), fruto de adaptações ao ambiente insular. Por outro lado, características como repertório comportamental, aspectos fisiológicos da reprodução e hábito alimentar se mostraram conservadas ao longo da evolução, sendo comuns a outras espécies de preás do continente / The Cavia intermedia cavy (Rodentia: Caviidae) a newly described species exclusively found in the Moleques do Sul Archipelago in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil is one of the rarest mammals on the planet. This species is differentiated from other cavies on the basis of its genetic and morphologic characteristics, several of them resulting from its adaptation to an island environment. The objective of this research was to obtain behavioral data taken from within the required ecological matrix to shed light into the social organization, spatial distribution and resource use of the C. intermedia. Our approach used existing data for C. magna and C. aperea to frame results into a comparative context, highlighting possible effects from being cut off in an island environment. We have done 25 monthly trips to the island, of approximately 8 days each, between November 2007 and December 2009. We have used 49 traps for a capture-recapture program in which the animals where tagged, measured, weighted and checked for reproductive state. The behavioral observation took place in two-hour rounds (with intervals scans of one minute) in three areas of frequent cavy sightings (Clareira da barraca, Campinho I and Campinho II) totaling 636,7 hours. Out of the 132 individuals captured, 118 were tagged: 71 males and 47 females. This population was composed mostly of adults which had a long lifespan. There was a delayed sexual maturity in this population when compared to the mainland cavy species, as well as a reduction in litter size. Births were concentrated during the warm and rainy months and halted during the cold and dry months, when the animals struggled with food scarcity. The behavioral repertoire of C. intermedia is rich and generally similar to C. apereas, differing in only a few categories. Their feeding habits matched those of a generalist herbivore and depended on the food sources available in each one of the surveyed areas. The gatherings within each area proved to be fluid, without territorial definitions, however we have observed a few longer-term male-female pairings, besides a dominance hierarchy among males and females. The increase in number of captured individuals over the months indicates that the population became aware of and used to the capture process. Besides, the increase in number of males captured in relation to females signals at gender-specific behavioral strategies. Our results show that the C. intermedia has several characteristics in common with other species of island rodents due to adaptations to island life: older population, longer lifespan, late sexual maturity and reduced litter size in response to reduced predatory activity, lack of territories, increase tolerance with coespecific and increase in interactions. On the other hand, certain characteristics such as behavioral repertoire, physiological aspects in reproduction and feeding habits remained the same throughout the evolutionary process, being shared with other cavy species from the mainland

Abstract In the 1980s the cinematic nuclear family flourished again after the self-explorative 1960s and turbulent 1970s. This thesis explores the portrayal of the idealized American family in film between the 1950s and 1980s. The 1955 film Rebel Without a Cause reflects the 1950s cinematic family model. My investigation includes the role of the father figure and the bonds in intergenerational relationships. During the early 1980s, films such Ordinary People and ET: The Extraterrestrial reflect the need to reevaluate the 1950s ideal nuclear family. My examination of these films continues to include the importance of the father figure and bonds between child and parents along with contemporary elements such as the use of psychiatry and rise of single-parent households. These movies' redefined portrayals of the idealized nuclear family represent the shifting dynamics of modern society in terms of single-parent households and highlighted importance of intergenerational relationships.

Although the neural mechanisms regulating vomiting are well understood, the neurobiology of nausea is not. Unlike conditioned taste avoidance (CTA), conditioned disgust (indicated by orofacial gaping reactions) is a model of nausea-induced behaviour in rats because it is selectively produced by emetic drugs and anti-emetics attenuate it. Treatments that reduce serotonin (5-HT) availability selectively interfere with conditioned gaping (Limebeer and Parker, 2000; 2003) and forebrain serotonin is critical for the production of disgust reactions (Grill and Norgren, 1978b; Limebeer et al., 2004). The insular cortex (IC) is a site of taste-illness associations and is involved in the sensation of nausea and vomiting in humans (Penfield and Faulk, 1955; Fiol et al., 1988; Catenoix et al., 2008) and other animals (Kaada, 1951; Contreras et al., 2007). Therefore, we investigated the relationship between serotonin, conditioned gaping and CTA in the insular cortex. Systemic pretreatment with the classic anti-emetic ondansetron (OND) reduced both LiCl-induced unconditioned malaise (assessed by lying on belly) and conditioned gaping reactions, without modifying CTA. These experiments demonstrate that decreases in serotonin availability interfere with conditioned gaping and unconditioned malaise as well as provide further evidence of the validity of the conditioned gaping model. Rats with bilateral NMDA lesions of the agranular IC showed attenuated CTA learning but conditioned gaping reactions were unaffected. This finding suggests that the agranular IC, a site of gustatory input, may be required for CTA learning. Partial serotonergic depletion of the IC attenuated conditioned gaping reactions, suggesting that serotonin in the IC is required to establish conditioned gaping. A double dissociation in the regulation of disgust and taste avoidance, by selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonism/agonism in the visceral (granular) IC and the gustatory (agranular) IC was observed. Infusion of OND into the visceral IC attenuated conditioned gaping but spared CTA. Additionally, administration of the 5-HT3 receptor agonist m-chlorophenylbiguanide (mCPBG) enhanced LiCl-induced conditioned gaping reactions (which was prevented by intracranial administration of OND), but spared CTA. In contrast, intracranial OND pretreatment in the gustatory IC attenuated CTA and mCPBG infusions produced CTA, but neither affected the nausea-induced behaviour of conditioned gaping. Together, these studies shed light on the neurobiology of nausea. These results suggest that 5-HT activity (at the 5-HT3 receptor) in the visceral IC may selectively produce the nausea-induced reactions of conditioned disgust, while activity in the gustatory IC may be involved in the production of CTA learning. / This research was supported by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) operating grant (92057) to L.A. Parker and a NSERC CGS-D scholarship to K.J. Tuerke. This work was also supported by an Ontario Graduate Scholarship to K.J. Tuerke.