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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
111

Mistura de acaricidas no manejo da resistência de Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) a hexythiazox / Mixtures of acaricides in the management of Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) resistance to hexythiazox

Fernando Joly Campos 26 April 2006 (has links)
A mistura de hexythiazox com acaricidas de ação adulticida tem sido explorada no controle de Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) em pomares de citros. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de subsidiar a recomendação de mistura de acaricidas no manejo da resistência de B. phoenicis a hexythiazox. Para esse propósito, foram realizados estudos para 1) avaliar a relação de resistência cruzada entre hexythiazox e cyhexatin em B. phoenicis;2) 2) entender a estabilidade da resistência de B. phoenicis a hexythiazox mediante a comparação da biologia das linhagens suscetível (S) e resistente (R) ao hexythiazox em condições de laboratório e a avaliação da dinâmica da resistência em condições de campo, por um período de dois anos; e 3) avaliar a estratégia da mistura de hexythiazox com os acaricidas cyhexatin ou dicofol mediante a condução de estudos de persistência da atividade biológica de acaricidas sobre as linhagens S e R, além de experimentos de campo para validar essa estratégia. A estimativa da freqüência de resistência a hexythiazox foi realizada com bioensaio de contato direto sobre ovos, utilizando-se a concentração discriminatória de 18 mg de hexythiazox/L de água. A resistência cruzada entre hexythiazox e cyhexatin foi ausente. Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas entre as linhagens S e R, com relação aos parâmetros biológicos avaliados para a confecção das tabelas de vida e fertilidade em condições de laboratório. No entanto, a resistência de B. phoenicis a hexythiazox foi instável em condições de campo; isto é, foram verificadas reduções significativas na freqüência de resistência na ausência de pressão de seleção, tanto em talhões com baixa (<20%) como em talhões com alta (>60%) freqüência de resistência. Estudos de persistência da atividade biológica de hexythiazox, utilizada na forma isolada ou em mistura com cyhexatin ou dicofol, evidenciaram que há discriminação na taxa instantânea de crescimento (ri) das linhagens S e R. Dicofol apresentou menor persistência do que hexythiazox e cyhexatin. As freqüências de resistência a hexythiazox estimadas após a utilização da mistura de hexythiazox com cyhexatin ou dicofol foram significativamente menores do que a freqüência estimada após a utilização de hexythiazox isoladamente; porém maiores do que as freqüências estimadas após a utilização de cyhexatin ou dicofol isoladamente. Apesar do controle satisfatório de B. phoenicis com a utilização da mistura em pomares com baixa freqüência de resistência a hexythiazox, essa estratégia deve ser recomendada com cautela para o manejo da resistência de B. phoenicis a hexythiazox. / The mixture of hexythiazox with acaricides with adulticidal activity has been exploited for controlling Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) in citrus groves. Therefore, this research was conducted to subsidize the recommendation of mixture of acaricides in the management of B. phoenicis resistance to hexythiazox. For this purpose, studies were undertaken 1) to evaluate cross-resistance relationship between hexythiazox and cyhexatin; 2) to understand the stability of B. phoenicis resistance to hexythiazox by comparing the life-history of susceptible (S) and resistant (R) strains of B. phoenicis to hexythiazox under laboratory conditions and by evaluating the dynamics of the resistance under field conditions, during a 2-year period; and 3) to evaluate the strategy of the mixture of hexythiazox with cyhexatin or dicofol acaricides by evaluating the persistence of biological activity of the acaricides on S and R strains and conducting field experiments to validate this strategy. The frequency of resistance to hexythiazox was estimated with direct contact bioassays on eggs with the use of discriminating concentration of 18 mg of hexythiazox/L of water. There is no cross-resistance between hexythiazox and cyhexatin. No significant differences were observed between S and R strains in relation to biological parameters evaluated to built life and fertility tables under laboratory conditions. However, the resistance of B. phoenicis to hexythiazox was unstable under field conditions; that is, significant reductions in the frequency of resistance were observed in the absence of selection pressure, either in fields with low (<20%) or high (>60%) frequency of resistance. Studies on persistence of biological activities of hexythiazox, used by itself or in mixture with cyhexatin or dicofol, showed that there is clear discrimination between S and R strains based on the instantaneous rate of increase (ri). Dicofol was less persistent than hexythiazox and cyhexatin. Frequencies of resistance to hexythiazox estimated following the use of mixture of hexythiazox with cyhexatin or dicofol were significantly lower than that with the use of hexythiazox alone; but higher than the frequencies estimated following the use of cyhexatin or dicofol alone. Despite of good control of B. phoenicis in citrus groves with low frequencies of resistance to hexythiazox, the mixture of acaricides must be recommended with cautious for managing the resistance of B. phoenicis to hexythiazox.
112

Uso de óleos sem surfactantes na aplicação de clorpirifós via insetigação na cultura de milho. / Use of oils without emulsifiers to apply chlorpirifos through insectigation on corn.

Wulf Schmidt 30 May 2003 (has links)
A irrigação é uma das tecnologias cujo retorno econômico é mais facilmente percebido pelo usuário, apesar do seu alto custo de investimento inicial. Nos últimos anos, com o fim dos financiamentos subsidiados, o agricultor irrigante tem buscado alternativas tecnológicas que lhe permitam o retorno do investimento em prazos cada vez menores. As soluções encontradas vão desde o uso da agricultura intensiva com a semeadura de culturas em sucessão (cultivos anuais), ou de várias safras (perenes), como também a maximização do uso do equipamento de irrigação, que tem sido usado cada vez com maior freqüência para a aplicação de produtos químicos por meio da quimigação. Esse panorama tem gerado, em algumas situações, desequilíbrio no agroecossistema com várias conseqüências, entre as quais destacam-se a explosão de pragas e doenças e a compactação de solos. A quimigação, apresenta uma série de vantagens e desvantagens. Dentre as vantagens, destacam-se o seu baixo custo quando comparado a outros métodos, e o menor tráfego de máquina na área cultivada, o que também favorece o menor dano mecânico às culturas. Entre as limitações, destaca-se o fato de que nem todos os produtos podem ser utilizados, pois esses precisam apresentar determinadas características físico-químicas como baixa solubilidade em água e alta em solventes orgânicos. O presente trabalho visa gerar informações sobre o uso de óleos sem surfactantes para a dissolução de formulações comerciais de clorpirifós (concentrado emulsionável), e sua efetividade no controle da lagarta do cartucho (Spodoptera frugiperda) no milho quando comparado à formulação comercial sem mistura, aplicado por insetigação. Desse modo, espera-se viabilizar a quimigação foliar com possibilidade da redução de dose ou do número de aplicações além de propor uma metodologia para instalação de ensaios de quimigação a campo. Foram instalados durante os anos de 1996 e 1997, três ensaios em três safras distintas, todos com elevada pressão de infestação, em áreas comerciais, onde os tratamentos foram injetados diretamente na base do pivô por meio de uma bomba injetora-dosadora. As parcelas, em forma de cunha, tinham no mínimo 50 m no perímetro de modo a evitar contaminação entre os tratamentos, e uma área mínima de um hectare. Foram amostrados de quatro a seis pontos para cada parcela. Os resultados obtidos mostraram a viabilidade da técnica, uma vez que a metade da dose comercial dissolvida no óleo mostrou a mesma efetividade de controle que a dose comercial, o que sinaliza a possibilidade da redução da dose ou do número de aplicações minimizando os custos para o produtor com menor impacto ambiental, o que favorece o manejo integrado e a sustentabilidade da agricultura. As informações geradas viabilizam a quimigação como método de aplicação de baixo custo, e a metodologia sugerida comprovou-se eficiente para a instalação de ensaios a campo. / Irrigation is perceived by the farmers as the best payback technology, beside its initial investment cost. With the end of subsidized interests for agriculture in the last years, irrigated farmers are more and more looking for shorter paybacks of their investments. The alternatives presented are successive cropping (annual crops) or more that one harvest (perennial crops) per year, and to maximize the use of the irrigation equipment which is more frequently being used to apply chemical which is known as chemigation. This scenario generates in some situations an unbalance at the environment with several consequences like pest and diseases flare and soil compaction. Chemigation has advantages and limitations. Among the advantages is to be highlighted the lower application cost when compared to other methods, and less tracking in the area which reduce soil compaction and also crop losses due to crop damage. The main limitation is that not all products can be used in chemigation. They must attend some physical - chemical properties like low water solubility and high solubility in organic solvents. The present work has the intention to generate information about the feasibility of mixing commercial formulations (emulsifiable concentrate-EC) with oils and no addition of any surfactant and the effectiveness of this mixture in comparison to standard when insectigated to control fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in corn. This way, it is expected to viabilize foliar chemigation, with the possibility of rate or applications number reduction, and also to propose a standardized methodology to install field trials. Three trials were installed during 1996 and 1997 in three different seasons, all of them with high infestation level, in commercial areas, where treatments were injected in the center of the pivots using an injection pump. The plots, in a wedge form, had a minimal lenght at the perimeter to avoid treatments contamination, which provided a minimal area of one hectare each plot. Sampling was done at four to six points for each plot. Data showed the viability of the techniques, since the half of commercial rate diluted in oil without surfactants had shown the same effectiveness that standard (full rate without oil). This sign up the possibility of a rate reduction or perhaps less applications, which will minimizes farmers’ costs with less environmental impact, being favorable to integrated pest management and agriculture sustainability. Generated information shows the workability of chemigation as a low cost application method, as well as the proposed methodology to install field trials had shown to be effective.
113

Gestão integrada de políticas públicas relacionadas às mudanças climáticas na região metropolitana de São Paulo / Integrated Management of Public Policies Related to Climate Change in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo

Paula Prado de Sousa Campos 05 December 2014 (has links)
O planejamento e a gestão de políticas públicas aplicadas às mudanças climáticas exigem por parte de diferentes atores mediados pelo Estado, adoção de estratégias de adaptação e mitigação. Estas políticas envolvem setores distintos e precisam ser capazes de interferir e corrigir a evolução das atividades de uso/ocupação/transformação do solo urbano de forma que as atividades favoreçam o equilíbrio entre as dimensões ambientais, econômicas e sociais nas metrópoles. O desafio de associar as políticas climáticas e urbanas passa pela complexidade dos diálogos federativos nas metrópoles brasileiras. Estes aspectos da gestão e planejamento de políticas a nível inter federativo atuam no sentido de dificultar a gestão integrada e a realização dos objetivos das políticas com impacto na questão climática. Admitindo a relevância da legislação como elemento estruturador do processo de implementação de políticas públicas, o presente estudo tem por objetivo identificar, no texto das políticas urbana e climática de alguns municípios integrantes da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, assim como na legislação correspondente do Estado de São Paulo e da União, elementos de articulação e integração para a superação dos desafios apontados. Para isso foi utilizada pesquisa documental e técnica de análise de conteúdo partindo de quadro de categorias teóricas, fundamentado na literatura da área. Em paralelo, foi feita análise comparativa de políticas europeias e portuguesas de Mudanças Climáticas, com dados coletados em 2013. A análise do conjunto normativo selecionado possibilitou indicar a existência de potencial para a consecução dos objetivos de gestão integrada, contudo, deixou evidente que o suporte para a consecução desta gestão se dará com o avanço efetivo na organização das estruturas regionais de planejamento e gestão de políticas, sob a lógica do Ordenamento do Território, funcionando como elemento aglutinador das demais políticas com interferência no território e que considere a sustentabilidade das cidades. / The planning and management of environmental public politics related to the climate changes, require from the state mediated actors, an adoption of mitigation and adaptation strategies. These strategies need to be able to step in and correct the evolution of the use / occupation / transformation of urban land activities so that activities favoring the balance between environmental, economic and social dimensions in the metropolises. The challenge of linking climate and urban policies involves the complexity of federal dialogues in Brazilian metropolises. This problem in the management and planning policies to inter federal level acts to hinder the integrated management and the achievement of policy objectives with impact on climate change. Admitting the importance of legislation as the structuring element of the implementation of public policies, this present research aims to identify elements of integration on environmental and sectorial policies concerning the interface with the climate changes by involving different federal dimensions and the governmental sectors. Therefore we will use documental research, comparative analysis of Portuguese and European politics of Climate Changes with the collected information in 2013 and the analysis technique of the categories framework build by the literature taken elements which once contemplated by politics, indicate positive conditions of integrated management. Among the results, the analysis of selected normative indicate the possible existence of potential for achieving the goals of integrated management, however, made it clear that support for the achievement of this administration will be with the effective progress in organizing regional planning frameworks and policy management under the logic of spatial territorial, working as the glue of other political interference with the territory and to consider the environmental sustainability of cities.
114

Gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos municipais e os sistemas complexos: a busca da sustentabilidade e a proposta de cobrança da coleta em Santo André-SP / Municipal solid waste management and the complex systems: the search of sustainability and the proposal of waste collection tax in Santo André city

William Gomes Gripp 04 June 2004 (has links)
O gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos municipais não vem contemplando adequadamente a multidimensionalidade da realidade urbana num mundo globalizado e pouco tem auxiliado na necessária transformação dos padrões de consumo nas comunidades locais. Face a incerteza inerente dos sistemas sociais, a complexidade vem sendo, progressivamente, reconhecida como a expressão paradigmática dessa realidade. Neste trabalho, desenvolve-se o conceito de sistema de resíduos sólidos sob a perspectiva de um sistema complexo, assim como caracteriza-se a dinâmica das suas interações. A partir dessa concepção teórica, discute-se a busca da sustentabilidade por meio do gerenciamento de resíduos e as formas de complexificar a sua metodologia de atuação, na qual a cobrança da coleta de resíduos domiciliares é identificada como um importante instrumento neste processo. Propõe-se um modelo de cobrança desses serviços cuja viabilidade é verificada na simulação feita para o município de Santo André-SP. Levanta-se, ainda, dados sobre as formas de cobrança existentes em diversos municípios e a situação dos serviços de limpeza urbana no Brasil. Conclui-se que o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos deve ser executado no âmbito de uma política pública local para o setor e que o modelo de cobrança proposto tem maior aplicabilidade em cidades de médio a grande porte. / Municipal solid waste management does not give appropriate consideration to the urban multidimensional reality in a globalized world and it has not promoted the necessary change of consumer standards in the local community. Due to the inherent uncertainty of the social systems, the complexity has been progressively recognized as a paradigmatic expression of this reality. In this study the concept of solid waste system is explained in the perspective of a complex system and how to characterize the dynamics of its interactions. From this theoretical standing the search for sustainability through solid waste management and the way to improve the complexity of its methodology is discussed wherein the household waste collection tax is identified as an important tool. A model for a waste collection tax is proposed the feasibility of which is validated by a simulation applied in Santo Andre city. Data on waste collection tax was acquired from several municipal districts and they represent the situation of the urban cleaning services in Brazil. Conclusions state that solid waste management should be carried out in the context of local public policies for this sector and that the proposed model for waste collection tax presents high feasibility for medium and large cities.
115

O sistema de gestão integrado (SGI) como estratégia na prestação de serviços : um estudo de caso

Rosely Aparecida Dias de Mascarenhas 12 April 2010 (has links)
No cenário competitivo empresarial acontecem mudanças rápidas e constantes. Em função dessas mudanças as organizações devem buscar meios para melhorar o seu desempenho e garantir a sua sobrevivência, principalmente no que tange ao fator concorrência. Dessa forma, é necessário que as organizações otimizem o uso dos seus recursos para que possam tornar-se mais eficientes e competitivas. A implantação dos sistemas de gestão da qualidade, de gestão ambiental, e de gestão de segurança e saúde ocupacional em único Sistema de Gestão Integrado (SGI) tem contribuído para alcançar a melhoria da qualidade dos produtos e serviços, favorecendo a proteção ao meio ambiente e a avaliação dos perigos e riscos relacionados à segurança e saúde do trabalhador, que são requisitos importantes nos sistemas de gestão das organizações. Nesse contexto, procurou-se investigar e analisar os resultados obtidos com a implantação e implementação do Sistema de Gestão Integrado (SGI), relacionado à Gestão da Qualidade, Gestão Ambiental e Gestão de Segurança e Saúde Ocupacional, em uma Empresa Prestadora de Serviços que atua no ramo de Manutenção e Montagens Industriais, situada na região do Vale do Paraíba Paulista, Estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, foram utilizadas as pesquisas bibliográfica, exploratória e documental ao estudo de caso. Verificou-se que a implantação do sistema de gestão integrado foi uma estratégia de negócios para a Empresa que, além de conquistar os seus objetivos, adquiriu boas práticas de responsabilidade social e contribuiu para a sua sobrevivência. Além disso, houve melhoria no desempenho, na eficiência e um crescimento de forma organizada e ordenada, que favoreceu o aumento da sua participação no ambiente competitivo. / In the business competitive scenario changes happen fast and constant. Because of these changes, organizations must seek ways to improve their performance and ensure its survival, especially in regard to the competition factor. Thus, it is necessary for organizations to optimize the use of its resources to enable them to become more efficient and competitive. The deployment of quality management system, environmental management and occupational, health and safety management in a single Integrated Management System (IMS) has helped to achieve improved quality of products and services, encouraging environmental protection and hazard assessment and risks related to safety and health of workers, which are important requirements in the management of organizations. In this context, it was sought to investigate and analyze the results achieved with the implementation of the Integrated Management System regarded to Quality, Environmental and Occupational, Health and Safety Management in a service company, located in the Vale do Paraíba Paulista, Sao Paulo State. To this end, it was used the research literature, documentary and exploratory case study. It was found that the implementation of integrated management system was a business strategy for the company, which not only achieved their objectives, but also acquired good social responsibility practices and contributed to its survival. Besides that, there was improvement in performance, efficiency and growth in an organized and orderly way, which favored the increase of its participation in the competitive environment.
116

MIMS - Multi Integrated Management Systems for Quality, Environment and Systematic Work Environment : A General management system, based on large Swedish companies

Eliasson, Hugo January 2009 (has links)
This thesis describes mature Multi Integrated Management System (MIMS), mainly within Swedish companies, certified against three or more certificates. Other criteria have been to have a business system, usually SAP R/3 and that the companies investigated have had more than 200 employees. The two main reasons to implement have been customer demands and company Group requirements. The most common standards, besides ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and AFS 2001:1/OHSAS 18001 (9K, 14K and 18K) are EMAS, FSC (wood, paper standard), PEFC (wood) with two cases. The following similarities describes the “Core in MIMS”, i.e. similarities between different standards. The most important parts are to have a policy, a manual and review. Policy Statement – 4.2 (14K and 18K) 5.3 (9K) Objectives - 4.3.3 (14K and 18K) 5.4.1 (9K) Resources, Roles, Responsibility and Authority – 4.4.1 (14K and 18K) 5.5.1 and 6.1 (9K) Documentation - 4.4.4 (14K and 18K) 4.2.1 (9K) Control of Documents – 4.4.5 (14K and 18K) 4.2.3 (9K) Control of Records – 4.5.3 (18K) 4.5.4 (14K) 4.2.4 (9K) Competence; Training and Awareness – 4.4.2 (14K) 6.2.2 (9K) Internal Audit – 4.5.4 (18K) 4.5.5 (14K) 8.2.2 (9K) Management Review – 4.6 (14K and 18K) 5.6 (9K) The most common approaches are that the Graphical User Interface is based on a “Manual” or the “Deming Wheel”, but there are also other examples. A general management system is described and there are examples of content in a manual. In 2007 focus seems to be on audits and implementation of new standards (mainly systematic work environment) and SOX is mentioned for the first time. In academic literature successful examples of integration of management systems, with Lean production are described. ISO 9001:2008 is now available, but there is not that dramatic changes from previous version, and all changes make the standard easier to integrate with other standards than ISO 9001:2000. / ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Diese Thesis behandelt ausgereifte, mehrfach integrierte Managementsysteme (Multi Integrated Management Systems, MIMS), hauptsächlich in schwedischen Unternehmen, die mindestens dreifach zertifiziert wurden. Andere Kriterien waren dass die Unternehmen ein Business-System haben, in der Regel SAP R / 3, und dass die betrachteten Unternehmen mehr als 200 Mitarbeiter haben. Die zwei wichtigsten Gründe für die Einführung von Managementsystemen waren Kundenwünsche und Anforderungen des eigenen Konzerns. Die am häufigsten verwendeten Standards, neben der ISO 9001, ISO 14001 und AFS 2001:1 / OHSAS 18001 (9K, 14K und 18K), sind EMAS, FSC (Holz-, Papier-Standard) und PEFC (Holz), mit je zwei Fällen. Die folgenden Gemeinsamkeiten machen den "Kern der MIMS" aus, dh. Berührungspunkte zwischen den verschiedenen Standards. Die wichtigsten Aspekte sind Policy, Handbücher und Revisionen. • Ausgesprochene Policy – 4.2 (14K und 18K) 5.3 (9K) • Ziele - 4.3.3 (14K und 18K) 5.4.1 (9K) • Ressourcen, Rollen, Verantwortung und Befugnisse - 4.4.1 (14K und 18K) 5.5.1 und 6.1 (9K) • Dokumentation - 4.4.4 (14K und 18K) 4.2.1 (9K) • Dokumentensteuerung - 4.4.5 (14K und 18K) 4.2.3 (9K) • Datensteuerung - 4.5.3 (18K) 4.5.4 (14K) 4.2.4 (9K) • Kompetenz, Schulung und Aufmerksamkeit - 4.4.2 (14K) 6.2.2 (9K) • Internationale Audits - 4.5.4 (18K) 4.5.5 (14K) 8.2.2 (9K) • Management Revision - 4,6 (14K und 18K) 5.6 (9K) Die am häufigsten anzutreffenden Ansätze sind, dass das Graphical User Interface auf einem "Handbuch“ basiert, oder auf dem "Deming-Kreis", aber es gibt auch andere Beispiele. Ein generelles Managementsystem wird beschrieben und es gibt Beispiele vom Inhalt eines Handbuches. Im Jahr 2008 scheint der Fokus auf Audits und Entwicklung neuer Standards zu liegen (vor allem systematisches Arbeitsmanagement) und SOX wird zum ersten Mal erwähnt. In der akademischen Literatur werden erfolgreiche Beispiele der Integration von Management-Systemen mit Lean Production Beschrieben. Die ISO 9001:2008 ist jetzt zugänglich, aber ohne grosse Veränderungen im Vergleich zu älteren Versionen, und alle Veränderungen machen es leichter diesen Standard mit anderen Standards als den ISO 9001:2000 integrieren. Schlüsselwörter: Management-Systeme, Integriertes Management, Multi, Integration, Qualität, Umwelt, systematische Umweltarbeit, ISO 9001, ISO 14001, AFS 2001:1 und OHSAS 18001.
117

Multiple Tactics to Improve our Understanding of Soybean Diseases

Mariama Tricuonia Brown (15295693) 14 April 2023 (has links)
<p>  </p> <p>Sudden death syndrome (SDS) caused by <em>Fusarium virguliforme</em> is one of the top yield-reducing diseases of soybean. This disease results in a two-stage symptom development, root rot followed by foliar interveinal chlorosis and necrosis. Foliar symptoms typically appear late in the growing season [full pod to full seed (R4 to R6) reproductive growth stages]. Prior to foliar symptoms, a destructive technique is usually carried out to identify the root rot phase of SDS. This technique requires intensive crop scouting and an expert for accurate diagnosis. Therefore, a nondestructive technique is needed to diagnose SDS disease in the absence of visible foliar symptoms. Additionally, no soybean cultivar is completely resistant to SDS and no single method can completely manage this disease. So, an improved integrated approach is needed for SDS disease management. </p> <p>Foliar fungal diseases such as frogeye leaf spot (<em>Cercospora sojina</em> Hara), Septoria brown spot (<em>Septoria glycines</em> Hemmi), and Cercospora leaf blight (<em>Cercospora</em> spp.) are also economically important diseases of soybean. To limit the losses caused by these diseases, several management methods can be used including the application of foliar fungicide. However, due to the low foliar disease pressure that is observed most years, fungicide applications may not be warranted to be applied annually in Indiana. </p> <p>The objectives of this research were: 1) to assess the effectiveness and economic impact of integrated management strategies that include cultivar selection, seed treatment, and seeding rate on SDS in Indiana; 2) to pre-symptomatically and non-destructively detect SDS disease using hyperspectral measurements; and 3) to evaluate foliar fungicides on soybean foliar diseases and yield in Indiana. </p> <p>Results from this research support the use of a seed treatment to protect soybean roots from SDS infection and the use of a moderately resistant cultivar planted at a seeding rate of 346,535 seeds/ha to protect yield and maximize on net returns. This research also demonstrated the ability of hyperspectral reflectance to discriminate healthy from <em>F. virguliforme</em> infected soybean roots in the absence of foliar symptoms. In addition, results show that fungicide applications can reduce foliar disease over the nontreated control, but under low foliar disease risk, these fungicides did not significantly increase yield over the nontreated control. Altogether, these results will contribute to improved soybean disease management approaches in Indiana.</p>
118

Modellgestützte Dokumentation und Integration von Managementsystemen / Model-based Documentation and Integration of Management Systems

Rößler, Richard 05 October 2016 (has links) (PDF)
Im Sinne einer nachhaltigen und ganzheitlichen Firmenentwicklung lässt sich in der Unternehmenslandschaft ein Trend in Richtung einer kontinuierlichen Erweiterung des unternehmerischen Zielsystems beobachten. Neben etablierten Aspekten, wie dem Qualitätsmanagement und der Arbeitssicherheit, erlangen weitere Themen, wie beispielsweise das betriebliche Umwelt- und Energiemanagement, zunehmend an Bedeutung. Um die Berücksichtigung dieser Aspekte nachzuweisen, steht Unternehmen die Möglichkeit zur Zertifizierung nach funktionsspezifischen Managementsystemnormen offen. Die Einführung und Dokumentation entsprechender Managementsysteme erweist sich jedoch als ein zeitintensiver Prozess, dessen Schwierigkeit vor allem in der unternehmensspezifischen Interpretation der allgemein formulierten Normanforderungen liegt. Strebt ein Unternehmen die Zertifizierung nach mehreren Managementsystemnormen an, so eröffnet sich die Möglichkeit zur Integration der Managementsysteme. Allerdings sind auch die Aufgaben der Integration durch verschiedene Herausforderungen gekennzeichnet, die den Bedarf nach einer systematischen Unterstützung verdeutlichen. Im Bereich der Wirtschaftsinformatik haben sich konzeptuelle Modelle als Instrument zur zielorientierten und verständlichen Beschreibung komplexer Informationssysteme etabliert. Entsprechende Modelle können die Durchdringung und Kommunikation komplexer Sachverhalte durch eine zweckmäßige Abstraktion und Strukturierung vereinfachen und eine Überführung in Anwendungssoftware vorbereiten. Für die vorliegende Dissertation leitet sich unter Berücksichtigung dieser Aspekte folgende zentrale Forschungsfrage ab: Wie kann die konzeptuelle Modellierung bei den Aufgaben der Dokumentation und Integration standardisierter Managementsysteme unterstützen? Der Forschungsmethode des Design Science Research folgend, präsentiert die vorliegende Arbeit funktionsspezifische und funktionsunspezifische Artefakte, die bei der Dokumentation standardisierter Managementsysteme und deren Integration modellbasiert unterstützen. Die Anwendbarkeit der Artefakte wird anhand eines realen Anwendungsfalls demonstriert. Die Ausführungen der vorliegenden Arbeit basieren auf einer Analyse der Anforderungen nach ISO 9001 für Qualitätsmanagementsysteme, ISO 14001 für Umweltmanagementsysteme, ISO 50001 für Energiemanagementsysteme, OHSAS 18001 für Arbeitsschutz- und Arbeitssicherheitsmanagementsysteme sowie des durch die Internationale Organisation für Standardisierung veröffentlichten Annex SL.
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Considérer l’expérience du visiteur, une clé pour la gestion intégrée des forêts

Robert, Cécile 01 1900 (has links)
Les forêts occidentales sont aujourd’hui de plus en plus prisées pour la pratique d’activités récréatives en milieu naturel. Dès lors, la mise en place d’une gestion intégrée des forêts est plus que jamais indispensable au maintien des conditions nécessaires à la pratique de l’ensemble des activités sur le territoire. Le Québec s’est doté d’une nouvelle législation pour répondre aux nombreux enjeux qui touchent le milieu forestier, notamment en ce qui a trait à l’harmonisation entre les activités récréatives et la production ligneuse. Dans le cadre de cette recherche, nous nous sommes intéressés au concept d’expérience du visiteur comme moyen de faciliter cette harmonisation. Il s’agissait à la fois de caractériser l’expérience de visite des utilisateurs d’un parc régional et de se questionner sur son opérationnalisation dans l’aménagement forestier. Deux méthodes qualitatives complémentaires ont été utilisées : d’une part, l’analyse de récits inscrits dans des livres d’or placés dans différents hébergements et d’autre part, des entrevues ont été conduites auprès de visiteurs rencontrés sur le site. Les résultats révèlent la pertinence de considérer l’expérience du visiteur pour favoriser une utilisation plurielle et harmonieuse du territoire forestier. Son étude permet une compréhension fine des composantes communes et spécifiques des expériences, en fonction des visiteurs. Par ailleurs, l’étude témoigne de la possibilité de mettre en relation des typologies d’expériences recherchées et les modalités d’harmonisation. Enfin, au-delà de l’expérience, le suivi de la perception de la foresterie et des représentations peut également s’avérer pertinent pour les gestionnaires. / The practice of outdoor recreational activities in western forests is becoming increasingly popular. Therefore, the implementation of integrated management with regards to publicly-owned forests is more important than ever in order to maintain conditions necessary for all activities on the territory. The province of Québec which has recently adopted a new Forestry Act is following this trend by addressing the numerous forest management issues such as harmonizing of various uses which represents a major challenge, particularly with regards to recreation and timber production. Throughout this research, we focused on the concept of visitors’ experience as a means to facilitate harmonization. The objectives were to identify the attributes of visitors’ experiences in a regional park and to assess how it can be useful in forest management. Two complementary qualitative methodologies were applied: on the one hand, we analyzed the comments written by visitors on guest books, and on the other hand, we interviewed visitors we met on the site. Results indicate the relevance of using visitors’ experiences to promote a plural and harmonious use of forest lands. The study allows for an in-depth understanding of experience components, both common and specific, which vary according to visitors. Moreover, the study reveals that it’s possible to connect certain experience profiles with harmonization terms. Finally, beyond the mere experience, it appears that forest managers who are aware of the perception and image of forest management will certainly benefit from this information.
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Gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos em Tarumã e Teodoro Sampaio-SP /

Fagundes, Diana da Cruz. January 2008 (has links)
Orientador: Antônio Cezar Leal / Banca: Encarnita Salas Martin / Banca: Jurandir Savi / Resumo: Nesta pesquisa estabeleceu-se como objetivo geral analisar a gestão dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares gerados nas cidades de Tarumã e Teodoro Sampaio-SP, com a finalidade de propor ações ao gerenciamento integrado dos resíduos sólidos urbanos. A metodologia empregada foi baseada em revisão bibliográfica e trabalhos de campo para compreender os sistemas de gerenciamento existentes nos municípios pesquisados e subsidiar a análise das condições de funcionamento de uma usina de triagem de resíduos sólidos urbanos com a coleta seletiva. Nesse sentido, foram investigados a geração, o tratamento e a destinação dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares de Tarumã e Teodoro Sampaio, além daqueles gerados no processo de produção da Usina de Açúcar e Álcool Nova América, e sua participação na vida econômica da Usina de Triagem e Compostagem de Tarumã. Esta pesquisa permitiu compreender a importância de uma gestão integrada dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares, visando a combater e minimizar impactos ambientais associados aos mesmos, bem como enfatizar a necessidade de articular a usina de triagem de resíduos sólidos domiciliares com a coleta seletiva em Tarumã e viabilizar a coleta seletiva em Teodoro Sampaio, podendo assim, garantir, sobretudo, ganhos sociais, operacionais, econômicos, educacionais e ambientais para os municípios. / Abstract: In this researchit was established how general objective to analyse the management of household solid wastes generated in Tarumã and Teodoro Sampaio cities, with the finality of proposing actions to the integrated management of the urban solid wastes. The methodology used was based on bibliographic review and extern works to understand the existing management systems in the municipal districts and subsidize the analysis of operating conditions of a plant for sorting of municipal solid wastes with selective collection. In this sense, were investigated the generation, processing and distribution of household solid wastes of Tarumã and Teodoro Sampaio, besides those generated in the production process of producing of Usina of Açúcar and Alcool Nova América, and its participation in the economic life of the power of screening and Composting of Tarumã. This research ledus to understand the importance of an integrated management of household solid wastes, seeking to combat and minimize environmental impacts associated themselves, and emphasize the necessity to articulate the power of sorting solid wastes home with a selective collection and enable the Tarumã selective collection in Teodoro Sampaio, and can the so, in particular, social, operational, economic, and environmental education gains cities. / Mestre

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