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Entry mode and institutional conditions to consider when entering a new market : The case of fashion apparel franchising in GermanyKisanga, Neema, Mohammad, Samana January 2019 (has links)
Background: Literature suggests that franchising as an entry mode for internalisation gains more and more popularity. However, existing literature shows many studies concerning franchising do not focus on industries. Hence, very little research is done when it comes to franchising in the low-to-medium cost fashion apparel industry. At the same time, the growing fashion apparel industry is becoming more and more important due to the business opportunity it brings for organisations. In this context, Germany as being the biggest apparel market in Europe is attractive for international organisation to expand to. For entering the German market through the franchising entry mode, the information about underlying market environment and relevant actors play a vital role to reduce risk of encountering uncertain obstacles in the process. Purpose: Entering a new market as a franchisor can be challenging due to different dynamics that can be found in different markets. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to explore institutional conditions of the current fashion apparel industry in Germany and to find out which institutions in Germany could help an organisation in terms of information on prevailing conditions, to successfully enter the German market. Method: To attain the purpose of the research, a qualitative approach employing a single case with two embedded units of analysis is used. Purposive sampling is used to select research participants based on their expertise about the topic. The empirical data is collected through semi-structured interviews with 12 participants, which resemble 3 different actors, the German consumers, the German Franchise Association and Tijarat AB, a fashion apparel company seeking to expand to Germany. Supplementary data, such as official governmental and associations website, is used to support the empirical findings. Secondary data is acquired using literature, web sources and legal documents. The empirical findings are analysed with the help of the thematic analysis and the institutional theory as well as the Uppsala internalisation model. Findings: The empirical findings present that there are several normative conditions which depict behaviours and what is considered to be acceptable in the German market. Firstly, there is no franchise fee collected by the franchisor in the fashion apparel industry. Furthermore, brand awareness, consistency, reputation and quality as well as price, design and variety play an important role in the consumer shopping behaviour and decisions. It was also found that there is no specific franchise law but rather a combination of existing legislation, such as the German Civil and Commercial Code, Competition law, Consumer law and Unfair trade law that form the jurisdiction for franchising in Germany.
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Behaviour problems in the classroom : a model for teachers to assist learners with unmet emotional needsWeeks, Franscina Hester 11 1900 (has links)
Tbis study has as primary objective the development of an appropriate model to assist
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teachers, in South Africa, to be able to understand and assist learners with behaviour
problems. The need for the study has its genesis within the current difficulties teachers
experience in dealing with behaviour problems in the classroom and the fact that increasing
numbers of children are involved. A key facet of the research is its accent on the unmet
emotional needs of learners that function as a behavioural determinant. The study is
analytical descriptive in nature and as such is based on two fundamental dimensions:- to
acquire a sound theoretical understanding of the concepts, causative 'factors and underlying
behaviour problems and the most appropriate means to deal therewith and substantiating
the insights acquired by means of interviews with teachers, school principals, and other
significant role players. An earnest attempt was made to analyse behaviour problems in
terms of the various theoretical frameworks presented within contemporary literature. The
ecological systems model was found to be the most appropriate for the development of the
. referenced model. This stands in sharp contrast to the traditional medical model which in
many instances still forms the basis of current theory and practice.
Learners with emotional problems experience behaviour problems which serve as barriers
to effective learning. Little attention however, has been attributed to putting appropriate
systems in place to assist these learners. A key consideration embodied within the new
Education Policy (NCS DOCUMENT 1997:1 0) is the issue of meeting the needs of all
learners so that they are able to actualise their potential - this includes their emotional
needs. The findings of this study need to be seen within the light of meeting this objective.
In order to address the unmet emotional needs of learner, teachers must attend to the
cognitive mind maps which embody internalized feelings and cognition. A model for
understanding the cognitive maps has been developed as part of this study and serves as
introduction to the model developed to assist learners wi~h behaviour problems.
The study provides a new perspective directed at understanding instead of managing
behaviour problems. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Special Needs Education)
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Behaviour problems in the classroom : a model for teachers to assist learners with unmet emotional needsWeeks, Franscina Hester 11 1900 (has links)
Tbis study has as primary objective the development of an appropriate model to assist
'
teachers, in South Africa, to be able to understand and assist learners with behaviour
problems. The need for the study has its genesis within the current difficulties teachers
experience in dealing with behaviour problems in the classroom and the fact that increasing
numbers of children are involved. A key facet of the research is its accent on the unmet
emotional needs of learners that function as a behavioural determinant. The study is
analytical descriptive in nature and as such is based on two fundamental dimensions:- to
acquire a sound theoretical understanding of the concepts, causative 'factors and underlying
behaviour problems and the most appropriate means to deal therewith and substantiating
the insights acquired by means of interviews with teachers, school principals, and other
significant role players. An earnest attempt was made to analyse behaviour problems in
terms of the various theoretical frameworks presented within contemporary literature. The
ecological systems model was found to be the most appropriate for the development of the
. referenced model. This stands in sharp contrast to the traditional medical model which in
many instances still forms the basis of current theory and practice.
Learners with emotional problems experience behaviour problems which serve as barriers
to effective learning. Little attention however, has been attributed to putting appropriate
systems in place to assist these learners. A key consideration embodied within the new
Education Policy (NCS DOCUMENT 1997:1 0) is the issue of meeting the needs of all
learners so that they are able to actualise their potential - this includes their emotional
needs. The findings of this study need to be seen within the light of meeting this objective.
In order to address the unmet emotional needs of learner, teachers must attend to the
cognitive mind maps which embody internalized feelings and cognition. A model for
understanding the cognitive maps has been developed as part of this study and serves as
introduction to the model developed to assist learners wi~h behaviour problems.
The study provides a new perspective directed at understanding instead of managing
behaviour problems. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Special Needs Education)
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