Il est indéniable que les organisations internationales exercent, de nos jours, un pouvoir important. Or, de cette constatation sont nés les appels à limiter le pouvoir de ces organisations et à leurs opposer les droits de la personne. Cette thèse étudie ce discours sur l'applicabilité des droits de la personne aux organisations internationales. Faisant appel aux écrits de Martti Koskenniemi, elle déconstruit dans un premier temps ce discours. Elle montre qu'il est impossible d'objectiver celui-ci et que toute tentative en ce sens amène immanquablement le juriste qui s'y essaie à exercer un acte de pouvoir et donc un acte politique. Cette thèse montre ensuite qu'en dépit de cette indétermination du droit, il est néanmoins possible de mobiliser les droits de la personne pour mettre en cause l'action des organisations internationales. Cette démarche implique toutefois d'accepter sa dimension politique et de prendre conscience des couts et bénéfices qui accompagnent celle-ci. Elle implique d'accepter la responsabilité personnelle des choix que l'on fait au nom de l'application des droits de la personne. / Doctorat en Sciences juridiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

This thesis presents a case study of an open pit mine proposal in Kamloops, BC. During an integrated Environmental (Impact) Assessment (EA) process mandated by the Provincial and Federal governments, stakeholders addressed the mine’s environmental, social, heritage, economic, and health-related impacts. At the end of a 7-year process, the application was denied. My research sought to examine how health was conceptualized in the EA, and, specifically, had the mine been approved, how would the permit conditions have protected the public from adverse health effects. To that end, I conducted a review of health-related documents incorporated in the EA and studied the results through a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) lens based on guidance from the International Finance Corporation (IFC). As well as reviewing and analyzing the EA documents, I conducted interviews with participants in and outside the formal stakeholder group, as prescribed by the IFC HIA Guidance. Specifically, my analysis was based on the scoping phase of the assessment, and the baseline health profile that was included, using this internationally recognized HIA framework. My results show that the social determinants of health were not factored into the EA as per HIA best practice. Many in the formal stakeholder group, and outside of it, felt that institutional barriers prevented inclusion of the social determinants of health in the assessment. That finding raises questions about the reality of EA processes to protect public health. / Graduate