Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 95-102).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 95-102). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Communications and Culture. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 438-465). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11601

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Free trade is said to maximize welfare in a world organized by nation-states. To participate in the global economy more effectively most nation-states have implemented economic policies with the objective of freeing international trade. This movement has been facilitated by the process of globalization which has had unparalleled effects on the economic policies of countries worldwide. However, countries-have found it increasingly difficult to manage their economies at the multilateral level since the benefits of global free trade are not equally shared. This has led to an increase in Regional Integration Agreements (RIAs), which are seen as a tool for strategic growth and development while promoting free trade on a more restricted basis. In the last decades of the 20th century, the world has seen an increase in the number of RIAs particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, However, empirical evidence has shown, contrary to what happened in Europe, that in Africa most attempts at economic integration have failed to promote meaningful economic growth and development. Notwithstanding that, the Southern African Development Community (SADC) has embraced economic integration as a strategy for growth in the region. Focusing on SADC and the Angolan economy as the main units of analysis, this study looks at the theory of economic integration to evaluate its validity for the African context and to find out how useful integration is in promoting economic growth and development in less developed countries. The study concludes that economic integration theory, which was developed within the context of European economies, is not relevant for African economies, which are different in character. Evidence indicates for instance, that in Africa the most important gains from economic integration are dynamic and not static, as the theory seems to suggest. Additionally, contrary to what happened in former attempts at forming RlAs in Africa, SADC has implemented a development integration approach aiming at industrialization. This is important, because according to the "Krugman-Venables model of regional relocation" the least developed countries can benefit from trade and investment from the most developed ones. The SADe Free Trade Protocol may be harmful for the Angolan economy in the short to medium term because of structural problems. However, it was found that if properly implemented it could playa major role in promoting growth and development in the longer term. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vrye handel, so word beweer, vermeerder welvaart in 'n wêreld wat deur nasie-state georganiseer word. Die ekonomiese beleid van nasie-state is daarop gemik om internasionale handel te dereguleer, ten einde hulle in staat te stelom meer effektief binne die globale ekonomie deel te neem. Hierdie proses is gefasiliteer deur die verskynsel van globalisering wat ongeëwenaarde gevolge vir alle state in die wêreld meegebring het. Nietemin, vind state dit in toenemende mate moeilik om hierdie proses op multilaterale vlak te bestuur, aangesien die voordele van internasionale handel nie in gelyke mate gedeel word nie. Dit het gely tot 'n toename in Streeksintegrasie-Ooreenkornste (SIO's ). Hierdie ooreenkomste word beskou as 'n ekonomiese groei en ontwikkeling-strategie, terwyl internasionale handelop 'n meer beperkte grondslag bevorder word. Tydens die laatse dekades van die twintigste eeu, het die aantal SIO's (veral in Sub-Sahara Afrika) toegeneem. In teenstelling met die ervaring van die Europese Unie, dui die feite aan dat pogings tot ekonomiese integrasie in Afrika nie daarin geslaag het om betekenisvolle ontwikkeling en ekonomiese groei te bevorder nie. Nietemin, het die Suider-Afrikaanse Ontwikkelingsgemeenskap (SAOG) handels-integrasie aanvaar as 'n strategie vir ekonomiese groei in die streek (met as instrument die SAOG Vryehandel-protokol). Met fokus op die SAOG en Angola as eenhede van analise, evalueer die studie die liberale teorie van ekonomiese integrasie, ten einde uitspraak te lewer oor die geldigheid daarvan binne die konteks van Afrika, Tweedens, word daar ook aandag geskenk aan die vraag of ekonomiese integrasie 'n optimale strategie is vir die bevordering van ekonomiese groei en ontwikkeling in minder-ontwikkelde lande. Die gevolgtrekking wat gemaak word is dat ekonomiese integrasie (soos ontwikkel binne die Wes-Europese konteks) nie relevant is vir die eiesoortige omstandighede van Afrikastate nie. Daar is, onder andere, bevind dat die belangrikste voordele van integrasie in Afrika dinamies is, en nie staties nie (soos die teorie van ekonomiese integrasie dit in die vooruitsig stel). Daarby, en teenstrydig met vorige pogings tot die vorming van SIO's in Afrika, het die SAOG 'n ontwikkelings integrasie benadering aanvaar. Hierdie benadering is gemik op eweredige industrialisering in die streek. Dit is 'n belangrike punt, want volgens die "Krugman-Venables model van streekshervestiging" kan die minder ontwikkelde state voordeel trek van handel met, en beleggings uit die meer ontwikkelde state in die streek. Laatstens, is daar bevind dat die SAOG Vryehandel-protokol in die kort tot medium termyn nadelige gevolge vir Angola sal meebring. Dit is as gevolg van strukturele probleme in die Angolese ekonomie. Nietemin, indien behoorlik geïmplementeer, kan dit 'n betekenisvolle rol speel in die bevordering van ekonomiese groei en ontwikkeling oor die lang termyn.

This thesis attempts to show that, although it is in the interest of regional common market organizations to regulate foreign direct investment, such regulation will probably be unsuccessful unless the regulations are lenient to business and are not used as instruments of major political goals. The east African Community, the Andean Common Market, and the European Economic Community are examined. Research sources used were United States government publications, documents from the common markets involved, United Nations and International Monetary Fund statistics, articles from major political science and business journals, and books.

Originally presented as the author's thesis: Universität Göttingen, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-04-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:34:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 padua_as_me_fran.pdf: 677222 bytes, checksum: 0cbab8752cc046774aa4d321a75e4965 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A integração regional é um sonho perseguido na América Latina desde o período da independência de seus países. Durante o século XX, inúmeras tentativas foram feitas, cada qual com culturas políticas de integração diferenciadas, visando alcançar esse objetivo, mas com poucos resultados concretos. Já no século XXI, dois projetos de integração regional ganham destaque: a União das Nações Sul-americanas (UNASUL) e a Aliança Bolivariana para os povos de nossa América – Tratado de Comércio dos Povos (ALBA-TCP), liderados respectivamente por Brasil e Venezuela. Estes blocos, de cunho eminentemente político, têm se apresentado como uma alternativa às propostas de integração de viés econômico, mais especificamente, à proposta dos Estados Unidos, consubstanciada na Área de Livre Comércio das Américas (ALCA). O objetivo desse projeto, que resultou de iniciação científica apoiada pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), foi analisar o comportamento político da UNASUL e da ALBA-TCP, com especial atenção para seus países líderes, bem como dos Estados Unidos, país que teve seus interesses diretamente afetados pela recusa dos países latino-americanos em participar de sua proposta de integração consubstanciada na ALCA e pelas constituições desses dois novos blocos sub-regionais. Atenção especial será dada à política de defesa comum proposta pelo mandatário venezuelano Hugo Chávez a ser implementada no âmbito da ALBA-TCP. Para tanto, foram analisados os tratados constitutivos e as declarações das reuniões desses blocos a fim de identificar os valores e preceitos que nortearam sua formação e a evolução dos processo de integração e fazem deles culturas políticas de integração peculiares. Tentou-se ainda mapear as “forças profundas” que agem nesses processos de integração a fim de verificar as causas de sua não consecução de forma integral / Regional integration is a dream pursued in Latin America since the period of the independence of their countries. During the twentieth century, numerous attempts were made, each one with different political cultures of integration in order to achieve this goal, but with few concrete results. In the twenty-first century, two regional integration projects are highlighted: the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) and the Bolivarian Alternative for the peoples of our America - the People's Trade Treaty (ALBA-TCP), led respectively by Brazil and Venezuela . These blocks, eminently political, are presented as an alternative to the proposed economical integration, more specifically, the U.S. proposal, embodied in the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). The objective of this project, which resulted from undergraduates supported by the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), was to analyze the political behavior of UNASUR and ALBA-TCP, with special attention to their countries leaders as well as the United States, country that had their interests directly affected by the refusal of Latin American countries to participate in its proposed FTAA and integration embodied in the constitutions of these two new sub-regional blocks. Special attention will be given to the common defense policy proposed by Venezuelan president Hugo Chavez to be implemented within the framework of ALBA-TCP. This way, we analyzed the constitutive treaties and declarations of the meetings of these blocks in order to identify the values and principles that guided its formation and evolution of the integration process and make them peculiar political cultures of integration. It also tried to map the deep forces that act on these processes of integration in order to fully ascertain the causes of their failure to achieve that goal

Orientador: Suzeley Kalil Mathias / Banca: Janina Onuki / Banca: Alberto Ággio / Resumo: A integração regional é um sonho perseguido na América Latina desde o período da independência de seus países. Durante o século XX, inúmeras tentativas foram feitas, cada qual com culturas políticas de integração diferenciadas, visando alcançar esse objetivo, mas com poucos resultados concretos. Já no século XXI, dois projetos de integração regional ganham destaque: a União das Nações Sul-americanas (UNASUL) e a Aliança Bolivariana para os povos de nossa América - Tratado de Comércio dos Povos (ALBA-TCP), liderados respectivamente por Brasil e Venezuela. Estes blocos, de cunho eminentemente político, têm se apresentado como uma alternativa às propostas de integração de viés econômico, mais especificamente, à proposta dos Estados Unidos, consubstanciada na Área de Livre Comércio das Américas (ALCA). O objetivo desse projeto, que resultou de iniciação científica apoiada pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), foi analisar o comportamento político da UNASUL e da ALBA-TCP, com especial atenção para seus países líderes, bem como dos Estados Unidos, país que teve seus interesses diretamente afetados pela recusa dos países latino-americanos em participar de sua proposta de integração consubstanciada na ALCA e pelas constituições desses dois novos blocos sub-regionais. Atenção especial será dada à política de defesa comum proposta pelo mandatário venezuelano Hugo Chávez a ser implementada no âmbito da ALBA-TCP. Para tanto, foram analisados os tratados constitutivos e as declarações das reuniões desses blocos a fim de identificar os valores e preceitos que nortearam sua formação e a evolução dos processo de integração e fazem deles culturas políticas de integração peculiares. Tentou-se ainda mapear as "forças profundas" que agem nesses processos de integração a fim de verificar as causas de sua não consecução de forma integral / Abstract: Regional integration is a dream pursued in Latin America since the period of the independence of their countries. During the twentieth century, numerous attempts were made, each one with different political cultures of integration in order to achieve this goal, but with few concrete results. In the twenty-first century, two regional integration projects are highlighted: the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) and the Bolivarian Alternative for the peoples of our America - the People's Trade Treaty (ALBA-TCP), led respectively by Brazil and Venezuela . These blocks, eminently political, are presented as an alternative to the proposed economical integration, more specifically, the U.S. proposal, embodied in the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). The objective of this project, which resulted from undergraduates supported by the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), was to analyze the political behavior of UNASUR and ALBA-TCP, with special attention to their countries leaders as well as the United States, country that had their interests directly affected by the refusal of Latin American countries to participate in its proposed FTAA and integration embodied in the constitutions of these two new sub-regional blocks. Special attention will be given to the common defense policy proposed by Venezuelan president Hugo Chavez to be implemented within the framework of ALBA-TCP. This way, we analyzed the constitutive treaties and declarations of the meetings of these blocks in order to identify the values and principles that guided its formation and evolution of the integration process and make them peculiar political cultures of integration. It also tried to map the deep forces that act on these processes of integration in order to fully ascertain the causes of their failure to achieve that goal / Mestre

Motivation of virtually all regional economic integration (REI) initiatives has been prospect of enhanced economic growth. Although REI's role in contributing to growth and development was recognised and acknowledged, its importance in Africa has never been properly outlined. Theoretical background, economic assumptions and evidence of REI are examined to bring out REI's importance to Africa. Depicting from these, benefits and challenges of REI in Africa are explored. This dissertation analyses the progress, pace, approach, sequence of REI in Africa looking at different variables. Africa's regional integration blueprint and institutional framework are compared to EU's but selected areas are identified as essential for Africa. Progress on REI has been found to be slow. This study concludes that REI should be viewed as one aspect of strategy towards Africa's development and growth. However, the benefits of REI make it imperative for it to remain the central pillar of Africa's development agenda. / Economics / M.Com. (Economics)

No abstract available / Political Sciences / M. A. (International Politics)