This study explored the correlation between verbal aggression and physical aggression among post-adolescent students, and included demographic factors such as biological sex, socioeconomic status, and the highest education level achieved by parents. The study is predicated on a paucity of evidence regarding the relationship among these factors in young adults. Two-hundred thirty-eight community college students responded to a self-report questionnaire designed to measure individual differences and demographic characteristics. Results indicate that verbal aggression and physical aggression are significantly correlated and that males report higher verbal aggression than females. Gender differences for physical aggression were not significantly different. None of the other demographic variables demonstrated significant differences. Implications are discussed in terms of societal benefits of preventative treatment for verbal aggression and the role that communication scholarship and education might play in intervention.

No description available.

Extant treatments for borderline personality disorder (BPD) are time-intensive, consist of multiple components, and are informed by different theoretical perspectives. Comprehensive evaluation of the driving mechanism(s) maintaining BPD is warranted to maximize cost-effectiveness and efficiency of treatment. Focusing on impaired interpersonal functioning in BPD, a hallmark characteristic of the disorder, may provide a useful microcosm for evaluating different approaches to understanding what drives the full expression of the disorder. This study evaluated two brief, theoretically distinct interventions for BPD and their effects on interpersonal conflict using single case experimental design. Patients (N = 8; 6 female, mean age 27.00, range 19–55) were randomized to receive an intervention either informed by emotion dysregulation theory or attachment theory. Patients reported their frequency of daily interpersonal conflicts using ecological momentary assessment and completed weekly questionnaires including measurement of theoretically-consistent mechanisms and global BPD symptoms. It was hypothesized that patients would demonstrate a significant response (50% decrease in daily interpersonal conflicts) during either intervention compared to baseline. It was also hypothesized that patients would evidence decreases in the purported mechanism of whichever intervention they received. Regarding change in interpersonal conflicts, three participants responded after the first module (two in the attachment security intervention, one in the emotion regulation intervention), three were partial responders (two in attachment security, one in emotion regulation), and two were classified as non-responders (both in emotion regulation). Furthermore, there were decreasing trends in both mechanisms for the majority of patients who received the corresponding interventions. Interestingly, there were decreasing trends in the alternate mechanism even when patients did not receive the corresponding intervention. No significant differences between conditions were observed related to interpersonal conflict or mechanisms. Notably, there were decreases in global BPD symptoms across both conditions. Results indicate that interpersonal conflict specifically and BPD symptoms can improve in brief interventions informed by different theories. This study suggests that multiple mechanisms may be driving BPD symptomatology and/or mechanisms may be more similar than previously stated in the literature, and points to the importance of idiographic evaluation in BPD research and treatment.

The past 20 years have seen a growing interest amongst researchers into indirect forms of aggression and bullying. The evidence suggests that covert forms of aggression are largely used by adolescent girls as a means of inflicting harm on another and that the effects of such interactions can be detrimental to the individual's psychological and emotional well-being. This study aims to explore the social experiences of four adolescent girls, with particular reference to indirect aggression practices that they may have encountered. Data was collected in the form of unstructured interviews, which were conducted with each participant separately. Prominent themes were then identified and explored by the researcher. This was done from a systemic epistemological stance within the post-modern paradigm. A qualitative methodological design was followed allowing for the personal experiences and meaning attributions of each participant to come to the fore. The study's results were presented in the form of descriptive text with particular reference to the systemic processes that came to the fore. Overall, the study explicated the unique experiences of four adolescent girls with indirect aggression and how these experiences are interwoven with systemic processes that take place in social groups. / Psychology / M. A. (Clinical Psychology)

This dissertation inquires into the issue of solving group conflicts in kindergartens, presents opinions, quotations and comparison of Czech and foreign authors, derives from both local and foreign sources. In the theoretical part it brings forth findings from the stated area, defines the term "conflict", delineates the basic types of conflicts, deals with group conflicts in the context of the influence of an individual on the inception of a conflict. In the second half of the theoretical part it focuses on the settlement and prevention of conflicts. The research, coming from the goal of the inquiry, is directed in the same spirit. The research part presents the results of the inquiry, describing and analysing the causes and solutions of group conflicts in practice. The evaluation then leads to answering the research questions. The work is designed so the broadest range of headmasters and administrators of kindergartens could make use of it.

Motivada pelos dados alarmantes da Organização Mundial de Saúde, do Mapa da Violência no Brasil sobre a violência juvenil contra a mulher e pelo constante questionamento do público sobre influências midiáticas no processo da violência na juventude, a presente pesquisa teve como objeto de estudo os conflitos interpessoais vividos pela protagonista da história em quadrinhos Miss Marvel: Nada Normal (Wilson & Alphona, 2015). O intuito da pesquisa foi observar como se dá a representação da figura feminina na protagonista da história em quadrinhos e como os conflitos são abordados HQ, analisando suas situações eliciadoras, afetos provocados, estratégias de resolução, desfechos e, consequentemente, o processamento cognitivo e a avaliação do conflito. Foram também objetivos propor questionamentos e contribuir para a criação de debate sobre como as mulheres são representadas em suas escolhas de estratégias de resolução de conflitos interpessoais. Metodologicamente, realizou-se pesquisa documental da história em quadrinhos em questão, observando a representação feminina da protagonista em seus conflitos, categorizando suas estratégias de resolução e analisando-as à luz das perspectivas da psicologia intercultural. Os resultados apontam para um número considerável de estratégias submissas, bem como para maior presença de estratégias assertivas em detrimento de estratégias agressivas, além da influência do gênero sobre os estilos de resolução. Concluiu-se que tais resultados vão ao encontro dos encontrados em pesquisas de campo que identificaram tal tendência de resolução de conflitos interpessoais entre jovens do gênero feminino. Faz-se necessária a realização de pesquisa empírica sobre a utilização de histórias em quadrinhos como instrumento para discussão dos estilos de resolução de conflitos, de maneiras mais assertivas e que visem a manutenção das relações e, ainda, a promoção da desnaturalização da violência contra a mulher / The object of study of this research concerns interpersonal conflicts faced by the lead character of the comic novel Miss Marvel: No Normal (Wilson & Alphona, 2014) and was motivated by alarming data from the World Health Organization, the Survey on Juvenile Violence against Women in Brazil and the constant questioning by the public of the media influence in violence processes. The aim of the research was to observe how the female figure of the lead character of the comic novel is represented, as well as how the conflicts are approached, analyzing eliciting situations, affections, strategies for resolution, outcomes and, consequently, the cognitive processing and the conflict assessment. It was also the object of the research to pose questions and contribute to the debate as to how women are represented in their choices of strategies of interpersonal conflict resolution. As to the method, a documental research of the comic novel at issue was carried out, observing the female representation of the lead character in her conflicts, categorizing her resolution strategies and analyzing them in light of intercultural psychology perspectives. The results point to a considerable number of submissive strategies, as well as to a larger presence of assertive strategies to the detriment of aggressive strategies, in addition to the gender influence on resolution styles. It was possible to conclude that such results are aligned with the ones acknowledged in field researches that identify such trend for interpersonal conflict resolution among female youth. It is necessary to carry out an empirical research on the use of comic novels as an instrument to discuss conflict resolution styles, in more assertive manners and that aim at the maintenance of relations, and yet the promotion of the denaturalization of violence against women

A cidade de São Paulo registrou altas taxas de homicídio durante os anos 1990 e 2000. Este fenômeno está profundamente relacionado com os elevados níveis de criminalidade urbana no final de 1970. Em geral, os estudos sobre crimes violentos enfatizam o impacto da distribuição desigual de direitos, o domínio do crime organizado, e incapacidade do Estado para fazer cumprir a lei e manter a ordem. No entanto, há uma falta de literatura sobre os crimes violentos como resultado de conflitos interpessoais. Esta dissertação propõe transitar do o nível macro ao nível micro de análise, bem como mudar o foco dos estudos de homicídios para os estudos sobre conflito. Os dados utilizados foram autos de processo penal para crime de homicídio registrados entre 1991 e 1997 em 16 delegacias das regiões Norte e Oeste do município de São Paulo; foram selecionados 30 processos de conflitos ocorridos em bares. Este estudo analisou também o entendimento jurídico da banalidade. Nos últimos anos, aumentou o discurso de certos meios de comunicação sobre as razões triviais dos crimes violentos. Identificou-se que os conceitos banais e fúteis são manipulados a fim de qualificar tipos aceitáveis de sensibilidade e emoções sociais envolvidos em crimes violentos. Por fim, foi examinado como agressores, vítimas e testemunhas justificam os conflitos e as violências deles resultantes. Identificou-se que as hostilidades são consequência de brigas ou desafios públicos; isso significa que o conflito surge como uma forma de estabelecer limites e fronteiras para as autoridades sociais. Neste cenário, tem-se como resultado que a desconfiança interpessoal parece sustentar o uso da violência. / The city of São Paulo recorded high rates of homicide during the 1990s and 2000s. This phenomenon was deeply related with the high levels of urban crime in the late 1970s. In general, the violent crime studies emphasize the impact of unequal distribution of rights, the domain of organized crime, and the state\'s inability to enforce the law and maintain the order. However, there is a lack of literature on the violent crimes as result of interpersonal conflict. This master thesis proposes to move from the macro level toward micro level of analysis, and change the focus from homicide studies into interpersonal conflict studies. The data used were criminal records of murders between 1991 and 1997, gathering in 16 police stations located in the North and West areas of São Paulo; it was selected 30 violent crimes committed in bars. This study also examined the legal understanding of banality. In recent years, certain media discourse has increased around \"trivial reasons\" of violent crimes. It was identified that the banal and futile concepts are manipulated in order to qualify acceptable types of sensibilities and social emotions involved in violent crimes. Lastly, it is examined how offenders, victims and witnesses justify the conflicts and the interpersonal violence outcomes. It was identified that the hostilities is consequence of quarrels or public challenges; it means the conflict arises as a way of setting limits and boundaries for the social authorities. As a result, in this scenario interpersonal distrust seems to sustain the use of violence.

Kwok, Yan Yuen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 23-25). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in Chinese.

A cidade de São Paulo registrou altas taxas de homicídio durante os anos 1990 e 2000. Este fenômeno está profundamente relacionado com os elevados níveis de criminalidade urbana no final de 1970. Em geral, os estudos sobre crimes violentos enfatizam o impacto da distribuição desigual de direitos, o domínio do crime organizado, e incapacidade do Estado para fazer cumprir a lei e manter a ordem. No entanto, há uma falta de literatura sobre os crimes violentos como resultado de conflitos interpessoais. Esta dissertação propõe transitar do o nível macro ao nível micro de análise, bem como mudar o foco dos estudos de homicídios para os estudos sobre conflito. Os dados utilizados foram autos de processo penal para crime de homicídio registrados entre 1991 e 1997 em 16 delegacias das regiões Norte e Oeste do município de São Paulo; foram selecionados 30 processos de conflitos ocorridos em bares. Este estudo analisou também o entendimento jurídico da banalidade. Nos últimos anos, aumentou o discurso de certos meios de comunicação sobre as razões triviais dos crimes violentos. Identificou-se que os conceitos banais e fúteis são manipulados a fim de qualificar tipos aceitáveis de sensibilidade e emoções sociais envolvidos em crimes violentos. Por fim, foi examinado como agressores, vítimas e testemunhas justificam os conflitos e as violências deles resultantes. Identificou-se que as hostilidades são consequência de brigas ou desafios públicos; isso significa que o conflito surge como uma forma de estabelecer limites e fronteiras para as autoridades sociais. Neste cenário, tem-se como resultado que a desconfiança interpessoal parece sustentar o uso da violência. / The city of São Paulo recorded high rates of homicide during the 1990s and 2000s. This phenomenon was deeply related with the high levels of urban crime in the late 1970s. In general, the violent crime studies emphasize the impact of unequal distribution of rights, the domain of organized crime, and the state\'s inability to enforce the law and maintain the order. However, there is a lack of literature on the violent crimes as result of interpersonal conflict. This master thesis proposes to move from the macro level toward micro level of analysis, and change the focus from homicide studies into interpersonal conflict studies. The data used were criminal records of murders between 1991 and 1997, gathering in 16 police stations located in the North and West areas of São Paulo; it was selected 30 violent crimes committed in bars. This study also examined the legal understanding of banality. In recent years, certain media discourse has increased around \"trivial reasons\" of violent crimes. It was identified that the banal and futile concepts are manipulated in order to qualify acceptable types of sensibilities and social emotions involved in violent crimes. Lastly, it is examined how offenders, victims and witnesses justify the conflicts and the interpersonal violence outcomes. It was identified that the hostilities is consequence of quarrels or public challenges; it means the conflict arises as a way of setting limits and boundaries for the social authorities. As a result, in this scenario interpersonal distrust seems to sustain the use of violence.

Recovery during nonwork time is essential for restoring resources that have been lost throughout the working day. Recent research has begun to explore the nature of recovery experiences as boundary conditions between various job stressors and employee well-being. Interpersonal conflict is an important work stressor that has been associated with several negative employee outcomes, such as higher levels of psychosomatic complaints, anxiety, depression, and frustration. This study contributes to recovery research by examining the moderating role of recovery experiences on the relationship between workplace interpersonal conflict and employee well-being. Specifically, it was hypothesized that recovery experiences (e.g., psychological detachment, mastery, control, relaxation, negative work reflection, positive work reflection, and social activities) would moderate the relationship between interpersonal conflict and employee well-being (e.g., job satisfaction, burnout, life satisfaction, and general health complaints). Hierarchical regression was used to examine the hypotheses. Relaxation was found to be a significant moderator of the relationship between self-reported interpersonal conflict and employee exhaustion. Additional analyses found mastery experiences to be a significant moderator of the relationship between coworker reported interpersonal conflict and both dimensions of burnout (exhaustion and disengagement). Several main relationships between recovery experiences and employee well-being were found that support and extend earlier research on recovery from work. Practical implications for future research are discussed.