Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Ed.)--Lancaster Bible College, 2007. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-101).

Orientador: Cecília Guarnieri Batista / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T20:22:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mearraoui_VivianeAiresdeAguirre_M.pdf: 1208753 bytes, checksum: 50b3df50100aa8117d6ddbb2a152c5fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Os meios digitais de comunicação estão em constante e intenso desenvolvimento nos últimos anos, gerando questionamentos de pesquisadores de diversas áreas do conhecimento a respeito das mudanças que provocam nas relações entre as pessoas e na sociedade de modo global. Entre os profissionais de psicologia existe uma preocupação relativa aos aspectos relacionados à subjetividade e às alterações nas relações interpessoais. Considerando o interesse na investigação desses questionamentos foi adotada a perspectiva histórico-cultural, que tem como foco central a experiência mediada por instrumentos e signos, entendendo que essa experiência mediada pode ser importante à compreensão do modo como esses meios digitais estão sendo utilizados. Foram abordados ainda, tópicos relativos às mudanças que novas tecnologias utilizadas para contatos sociais podem trazer ao desenvolvimento psicológico. No que se referiu às formas de contato pesquisadas (face a face, por voz e por escrito) foi abordada a questão dos materiais verbais, para-verbais e não verbais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever e analisar adolescentes, com diferentes níveis de habilidades sociais, em contatos face a face, por voz e por escrito. O estudo foi realizado com adolescentes, entre 14 e 18 anos, que cursavam Ensino Médio em escolas particulares. A primeira etapa do estudo envolveu a aplicação do Inventário de Habilidade Sociais para Adolescentes (IHSA), de Del Prette e Del Prette, em 60 participantes. De acordo com os escores de dificuldade em habilidades sociais obtidos por cada participante neste inventário, parte deles foi convidada para uma entrevista sobre as formas de contato social que utilizavam. A segunda etapa foi realizada com nove adolescentes; quatro deles com classificação de baixa dificuldade, dois com classificação média e três com classificação de alta dificuldade em habilidades sociais. Os resultados dessa etapa foram categorizados e analisados, em termos da frequência das categorias para o conjunto dos nove participantes e da comparação entre as falas de três participantes com alta dificuldade em e três dos participantes com baixa dificuldade em habilidades sociais. Os resultados dessa etapa mostraram algumas tendências gerais destacadas nas falas dos participantes no uso das três modalidades, como exemplos: predomínio de contatos com amigos e de contatos realizados em casa, predomínio de entretenimento/lazer em conteúdos abordados e avaliação positiva do próprio desempenho nesses contatos. Foram identificadas ainda, algumas tendências específicas ao uso de determinada modalidade, como foi o caso de menor frequência e duração dos contatos por voz com relação aos demais, mais relatos de contatos para informar sobre própria localização nos contatos por voz do que nos demais e mais relatos de contatos com população em geral nos contatos por escrito do que nos demais. A análise por subgrupos (BD ¿ baixa dificuldade e AD ¿ alta dificuldade) mostrou algumas tendências de respostas comuns aos dois subgrupos e pouca diferença entre eles. De um modo geral, identificou-se que os participantes realizavam os contatos face a face e por escrito com motivação, frequentemente, por longos períodos e diversidade de conteúdos abordados. Os contatos por voz foram descritos como pouco motivadores, rápidos, esporádicos e para abordar temas específicos. Cabe destacar que as tecnologias utilizadas para contatos sociais continuarão a evoluir, sendo importante o estudo constante das alterações que o uso dessas tecnologias ainda pode trazer a cada pessoa e à sociedade como um todo. Palavras-chave: relações sociais, adolescência, habilidades sociais, contexto histórico. Áreas de conhecimento: saúde, educação, comunicação / Abstract: Digital media are in continuous and intense development over the past few years leading researchers from different fields of study to question about the changes it causes in people relationships and society in general. Psychology professionals have relative concern about subjective aspects in communication and modifications on social relationships. Considering the interest to research these questions it has been adopted the perspective of historical-cultural theory that focuses the experience mediated by instruments and signs, which means that this mediated experience can be important to the comprehension about the way these digital medias have been used. There are some topics related to the changes that new technologies made specifically for social network can bring to the individual psychological development. With reference to the modalities of social contact of this research (face to face, by voice and written communication), it has been approached verbal, para-verbal and non-verbal materials. The present study aims to describe and analyze adolescents, considering different levels on social skills, in their face to face, spoken and written communication. This study consists of adolescents between 14 and 18 years old at high school of private schools. The first step on this research consisted on the application of the Social Skills Inventory for adolescents (SSI) of Del Prette and Del Prette on 60 participants. According to the scores of social skills deficit obtained for each participant, some of them have been invited for an interview about their preferential modalities of social contact. The second step was done with nine adolescents; four of them classified in a group of low difficulty, two in average, and three in a high difficulty group on social skills. The results from this second step where categorized and analyzed in terms of frequency of each category for these nine participants and afterward there is a comparison between the interview of those three participants with high difficulty and those three participants with low difficulty on social skills. The results in this step pointed some general tendencies when using the modalities of social interaction, for example: for example: the prevalence of choosing friends as a social contact and those social contacts occurs at home, leisure and entertainment as their frequent talk and positive assessment about their own performance in those social contacts. It has been identified some specific tendencies to use a determined modality of social contact, as showed by the low frequency and duration of social contact by voice if compared to the other modalities, higher frequency of social interaction by voice motivated to inform their location instead of using other modalities and the prevalence of reports in which social contact with people in general occurs by written digital media instead of other modalities. The analysis by groups (BD/LD ¿ low difficulty, AD/HD ¿ high difficulty) showed some common tendencies in these two groups and small differences between them. In general, participants are motivated about face to face and written contact, they also do it for long periods of time and they discuss a big variety of contents. Contacts by voice were described as little motivators, faster, sporadic and a tool for a specific talk. It must be pointed out it will always be developed new technologies as tools for social interactions, and constant studies are necessary to determine the modifications that these technologies can bring to people and society as a whole / Mestrado / Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação / Mestra em Saúde, Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação

M.Ed. / This research study indicates that young adolescents who experience interpersonal challenges in a suburb in Soweto undergo disturbances involving body, mind and spirit. This bring about a variety of future adjustment difficulties, problems and coping abilities. This is attributed to a low socio-economic environment, lack of communication, lack of information, poor parental involvement, lack of school support, peer pressure, anger, anxiety, depression and stress. They are overwhelmed by negative thoughts and accompanied by profound guilt feelings. This affects them emotionally, psychologically and physically. This study focuses on the identification of the above experiences as lived by the young adolescents themselves in Soweto. Guidelines are described to support the young adolescents who are experiencing interpersonal challenges via negative thoughts, emotions and feelings. The application of the guidelines is thus not prescriptive but preventive and primarily aimed at providing support to the young adolescents, learning about their conditions, informing, educating and taking responsibility. The research design followed in this study is a qualitative design with an explorative, descriptive and contextual focus. The data were collected by means of phenomenological interviews and field notes. A literature control was used to verify the findings. The findings of this study were categorised in three categories. The three categories were used as a basis for inferring and describing guidelines to support adolescents who are undergoing interpersonal challenges. After the data analysis three broad categories were used as basis to describe guidelines that will support the young adolescents between the age of 15-17 years who experience interpersonal challenges. The first category reflects the adolescents’ experience of family relationships as challenging. The second category reflects the adolescents’ experience of peer relationships as challenging. The third category describes the adolescents’ views of school as playing a crucial role in their lives. The guidelines inferred from the three categories together with feedback from the participants during the phenomenological interviews were transcribed and described. These could be applied to support them in their experiences. It is hoped that this study will assist young adolescents who are experiencing interpersonal challenges to meet, cope and strategise plans for a better adult life. / Prof. C.P.H. Myburgh

Magister Psychologiae - MPsych / The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between life stress, emotional adjustment and family relationships in early adolescents from low-income urban areas. A non-experimental, survey research design was adopted for this study. The sample consisted of 119 early adolescents, aged between 12 and 14 years, from 3 low-income neighbourhoods on the Cape Flats. / South Africa

School guidance aims to meet the social/personality, educational and vocational needs of pupils, and the curriculum, organised and drawn up by the relevant State education departments, attempts to address these needs. This investigation set out to discover the guidance needs of pupils specifically in the social/personality area, and further, to state these needs in such a way as to allow the logical development of guidance programmes. Group and individual interviews were conducted using a sample of 72 high school pupils, selected from standards six to eight. The results show clearly the areas in which the pupils perceive their needs to lie. It is also apparent that further research in this area is strongly indicated.

The U-shaped relationship between age and interpersonal distance was surprising. The human infant’s need for physical contact to ensure healthy development has been well established. Developmental studies indicate that by kindergarten age, children are playing cooperatively with each other. It was expected, then, that the younger children would maintain a close physical relationship with their peers, with this distance widening as a function of age and acculturation until adult norms were reached. This expectation has been supported by previous research. The main purpose of the present experiment was to investigate further the relationship between age and interpersonal distance. Secondary purposes were to extend the study to include twelfth grade subjects and to look at approaches made to opposite-sexed as well as same-sexed peers. If the sex differences that occurred at sixth and ninth grades were a function of the earlier adolescence of girls, then these differences might be more pronounced when sex of person to be approached is introduced as a variable. The Horowitz, et al. (1964) study was used as a model again, because it offers a simple method for accurate measurement of interpersonal distances in a controlled situation.

No description available.

郭伯良. / 论文(哲学{273464}士)--香港中文大学, 2004. / 参考文献 (p. 155-181). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in English. / Guo Boliang. / Lun wen (Zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2004. / Can kao wen xian (p. 155-181).

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between life stress, emotional adjustment and family relationships in early adolescents from low-income urban areas. A non-experimental, survey research design was adopted for this study. The sample consisted of 119 early adolescents, aged between 12 and 14 years, from 3 low-income neighbourhoods on the Cape Flats.