In the past 150 years, the tactics used by police in the interrogation room have constantly been evolving. This paper will look back on the history of interrogation tactics used by police as well as the court's efforts to regulate those tactics. Starting with the definition of interrogation and tactics, the paper will slowly delve into the history of U.S. police interrogation tactics. Beginning with the early formulation of modern police departments and working through the important Wickersham Report. The paper will discuss the ban on physical third degree tactics and the impact of Miranda warnings. Finally, the paper will walk through one of the most popular interrogation methods, The Reid Technique, before briefly proposing eight suggestions on how to move forward with interrogation regulation.

This paper deals with interrogation tactics. Using the descriptive-analytical and comparative methods, the aim of this thesis is to analyze the interviewing and the interrogation tactics in the Czech Republic. In some parts of my thesis, these tactics are compared with foreign approaches (particularly the United States and the United Kingdom). The work is continuously connected with the practice through examples from the real interrogation protocols. These interrogations which are in anonymous form anonymous form have been provided by the National Anti-Organized Crime Center and come from a five-year old investigation of an organized group that has committed, especially abroad, crimes against life and health. The diploma thesis is divided into five main parts, introduction and conclusion. The individual parts are divided for better orientation in the text into individual chapters and subchapters. The first part provides a general overview of the issue of questioning. It defines the meaning, the notion and the purpose of the questioning, describes the process of formation of testimony and the questioning is included in the legal framework. The second part deals with the preparation of the interrogation. Considering that the preparation of questioning itself is divided into the analytical and...

Active interrogation of cargo containers employing monoenergetic photons offers an expeditious low-dose approach in pursuit of shielded special nuclear materials. Cherenkov detectors can be used for a variety of purposes, including imaging of the cargo contingent upon gamma ray energies used in interrogation. If the gamma ray energies are sufficiently well separated, as the case in $^{11}$B(d,n-$\gamma$)$^{12}$C reaction resulting in 4.4 MeV and 15.1 MeV photons, spectral analysis using Cherenkov detectors is possible. Applying an array of custom designed Cherenkov detectors reduce undesired low energy background, both natural and scatter from the application environment, while producing the capability of high contrast transmission imaging. Spectral analysis of the image can be used to confirm the presence of high-Z materials by analyzing the relative transmission of the two main energies emitted by exploiting the large difference in Compton Scatter and pair production cross sections. These detectors require a special approach to design and energy calibration due to the lack of resolution in order for spectral analysis to take place. This thesis addresses the design and utility of Cherenkov detectors for active interrogation with monoenergetic photons as well as the results of computational and experimental studies of their energy calibration and application to imaging with material identification.

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Title of thesis: The Specifics of Children Interrogation Keywords: child, interrogation Summary The thesis deals with special processes and methods typical for interrogation of children. In Czech penal law a child is a person under eighteen years old. Because of differences deriving from yet undeveloped mental capabilities and still ongoing proces of psychological development, interrogation of a child must follow strict guidelines and must be conducted in considerate manner. The aim of the thesis is to describe the basic rules of conducting interrogation of a child with references to every stage of child development and how those stages affect interrogation of a child. The thesis also marginally deals with phenomena of children's lies and children's suggestibility, since both of these are directly linked to interrogation of a child. First chapter of the thesis defines basic concepts later used in the thesis, such as forensic evidence, testimonial evidence, interrogation and child. Those concepts are defined in terms of criminology and jurisprudence. Second chapter of the thesis deals with legal aspects of interrogation of a child. It introduces czech and partly international legislation on the subject. Czech laws on criminal proceedings, victims of a criminal act and law on juvenile offenders are mentioned...

The aim of the thesis was to describe the main differencies between an interrogation of adults and children. The thesis is composed of six chapters, an introduction and a conclusion. The first chapter is focused on concept "a child" in the Czech legal order and International agreements. The next chapter describes specifics and problems of individual evolutionary periods of children. The third chapter explains the interrogation in a general meaning. The interrogation is included and modified in more statutes. I focused on provisions of a statute relating the interrogation in Czech law, especially in criminal law. Next part of this chapter deals with the interrogation and a criminalistics. How to prepare for the interrogation, the stages of the interrogation and tactics of its implementation. I also mentioned the forensic psychology which helps and supplements the criminalistics with its own methods and findings. The fourth chapter is an analysis of a testimony, in a first part in general meaning and the second part describes a process of formation of the testimony and the factors which can influence this process from an event to a record by an interrogator. The fifth chapter is concerned on specialities of interrogation of children. One of the major factors by interrogation of children is a...

The purpose of my thesis is to explore and discuss interrogation tactics. Interrogation tactics is a concept that includes various methods used by interrogators to reach the goal of the interrogation, which is true and full testimony. Considering the extent of the topic, I am focusing more closely on the techniques used for the purpose of overcoming false testimony. The thesis is composed of nine chapters. In the opening chapters I explain the concept of interrogation from three perspectives - from the perspective of criminology, psychology and law. These chapters also describe different types of interrogation, as well as the process of documentation and the process of formation of testimony. The fifth chapter recognizes the issues of the preparation phase and its division into analytic and synthetic part. In this chapter I also emphasize the importance of expert and thorough preparation in order to ensure a successful interrogation. The sixth chapter presents three consecutive phases of interrogation, which are the initial phase and the phases of monologue and dialogue. This is the construction of interrogation that affects individual tactical methods. The dialogue phase in particular is related to the seventh chapter, in which I analyze the psychological effects that are imposed on the person...

L'objet de ce travail de thèse est la description linguistique de la modalité interrogative en conversation spontanée et en synchronie. Il s'agit d'abord de relever et d'évaluer tous les indices morphosyntaxiques qui permettent de faire état de l'information transmise. Puis, l'objectif est de mesurer l'implication dialogique du locuteur. On considère, à l'instar de [Damourette, 1911], qu'un énoncé interrogatif n'est complet que lorsqu'une réponse est apportée. Un locuteur formule sa question en fonction d'une image de réponse qu'il a présente à l'esprit et qui véhicule l'informalion-réponse tout autant qu'un contexte interactif et argumentatif. On peut émettre l'hypothèse que l'intentionnalité d'un locuteur se mesure en se fondant sur la réponse qu'il escompte, c'est-à-dire sur celle qu'il considère être non seulement la plus plausible au sein de sa représentation du monde, mais aussi la plus adéquate à la situation énonciative et dialogique. À partir de cette hypothèse, l'analyse a permis, de procéder à une description modélisée de l'interrogation en fonction de trois axes complémentaires. Cette description modélisée de l'interrogation a ensuite fait l'objet d'une confrontation à des données attestées de deux natures. Un premier corpus de Système de Questions/Réponses a permis de tester la modélisation tandis qu'un second corpus de SMS a permis de valider les modifications apportées. Cette ultime version du modèle a autorisé une description de l'interrogation en conversation spontanée dans la totalité des pratiques langagières observées. / The purpose of this thesis is the linguistic description of the interrogative modality in spontaneous conversation and in synchrony. First, the aim vvas to identify and evaluate all morphosyntactic clues that report the information transmitted. Then, the objective is to measure the dialogic involvement of the speaker. We consider, like [Damourette, 1911 ], an interrogative sentence is only complete when a response is made. A speaker formulates his question based on the image of a response in his mind, vvhich carries the information-response as well as an interactive and argumentative context. One can speculate that the intentionality of a speaker is measured based on the response he expects ; that is to say on that he considers not only the most plausible within its representation of the vvorld, but also the most appropriate to the dialogic utterance. According to this assumption, the analysis allowed to proceed to a modeled description, which based on three complementary dimensions. After a modeled descriplion, a confrontation with evidence of two kinds has been proposed. A first corpus derived from a Questions/Answers System vvas used to test the modeling while a second SMS corpus was used to validate the changes. This latest version of the model has allowed a description of the interrogation, in spontaneous conversation and in all observed utterances.

A passive wireless sensor is designed, fabricated and tested for the measurement of AC electric field in the vicinity of high voltage apparatus. This sensor is applicable in remote condition monitoring of high voltage apparatus where close distance measurements raises safety hazards for operators. The sensor is designed using a coaxial cavity resonator structure (in TEM mode) capacitively coupled to varactors. The resonance frequency of the sensor shifts corresponding to the capacitance variation of the varactors which in turn is perturbed by the external electric field. The electric field surrounding the apparatus induces a bias voltage over the terminals of the varactors. Therefore, the resonance frequency changes proportional to the inducing external electric field and correspondingly to the medium/high voltage. A printed circuit board on the top of the cavity provides coupling between the cavity and varactors and also between the varactors and the external field produced by the high voltage apparatus. The sensor structure is designed to resonate in the range of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz of the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio frequency band. A remote interrogation system identifies the instantaneous resonance frequency of the sensor by transmitting pulses of radio frequency (RF) signal and recording the ring back of the resonator. The ring back is down converted and analyzed to determine the resonance frequency of the sensor. Two possible applications of the sensor, i.e. voltage measurement and defect detection of insulators, are demonstrated by experimental results. / February 2017

76 Abstract: Interrogation tactics This thesis is focused on the interrogation management tactic, ie, in brief, how interrogator should conduct an interrogation to be both legal and successful. My aim in this work was to address the basic complexity of interrogation management and describe the basic procedures and techniques by which interrogator can obtain true testimony from the majority of interrogated groups. Due to the limited scope of this work, I could not incorporate specific areas of interrogation situations (questioning of juvenile, sick, etc.), so I focused mainly on interviews with the three main groups of people interrogated, which are interviews of people who can testify and want to, who want to, but can not and who do not want to testify, though they can, especially in situations where these persons are witnesses or subjects accused. In the first chapter of this thesis I deal with questioning from a general point of view of law, psychology and criminology, wherein most of the views and theories mentioned can be related to almost all specific interrogation situations. In this chapter I provided the psychological aspect of the interrogation a little more space than I originally intended, but I think it is substantiated. The psychological side of the interrogation situation is very complicated...