Introduction The purpose of this study was to improve Indonesian nursing students' self-directed learning readiness. An educational intervention program (EIP) was developed, implemented and evaluated. Background to the study Many studies have documented the need for nursing students to be prepared for the rapidly changing and complex health care environment. Lifelong, self-directed learning (SDL) has been identified as an important ability for nursing graduates. However, no study has documented the needs of, or preparation required for, nursing students to function effectively in the rapidly changing health care system in Indonesia. The Indonesian diploma nursing schools still use a teacher-centred approach with little emphasis on a student-centred approach. Method The study used a mixed method involving both quantitative and qualitative design. Simple random sampling was used to select an intervention school and control school. The sample was 2nd year nursing students with 47 in the intervention group and 54 in the control group. A pre-post test questionnaire, using the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale (Guglielmino, 1978), was used to collect quantitative data and focus group discussions (FGD) were used to collect qualitative data regarding students' perceptions of SDL prior to and at the completion of study. The intervention group received an EIP. The Staged Self-Directed Learning Model (Grow, 1991) and the Teacher Student Control Continuum (D'A Slevin & Lavery, 1991) were used as the organising framework. A self-learning module and learning plans were used as learning strategies to operationalise SDL concepts alongside teacher-centred methods. The control group received the existing teacher-centred methods. At the completion of the intervention, clinical instructors from both the intervention and control groups participated in FGD to explore their perceptions of students' activities during the EIP. Results For the majority of students, readiness for SDL was 'below average'. The mean for the Indonesian nursing students was significantly lower than established norms (Guglielmino, 1978). The introduction of SDL concepts through an EIP improved the level of readiness for SDL in the intervention group from 'below average' to 'average' compared to the control group who remained in the 'below average' range. Higher SDL readiness was reported by female students and students who completed the educational intervention. The FGD before the intervention revealed that students perceived SDL as a 'self-activity'. Perceptions of students in the intervention group changed during the EIP compared to students in the control group. Students in the intervention group viewed SDL as a 'process of learning'. Increased self-confidence, incremental learning, and having direction in learning were identified as benefits of SDL. Knowledge and skills in SDL, learning materials and communication were identified as important issues that needed to be improved. Clinical Instructors' perceptions of students' clinical activities confirmed that students in the intervention group were 'more active' compared to the control group who were 'still inactive'. Conclusion The study confirmed the expected effect of the EIP on students' SDL readiness. The EIP improved nursing students' readiness for SDL and had a positive impact on students' perceptions of SDL. Introducing the concept of SDL through the EIP was found acceptable by the sample and was deemed feasible to implement within the Indonesian nursing education system. The study has potential to make a significant contribution to nursing education in Indonesia by promoting lifelong learning and SDL in nursing students and in curricula through the development of innovative curricula and teaching and learning practices. The study also has potential wider benefit to nursing practice and global health practice.

Goals: The goal of this dissertation consisted in characterizing the relation, attitude and opinions of the Roma minority with respect to overweight and obesity. At the same time, it was focused on describing the risk factors contributing to their origination and on creating a methodology for the intervention program aimed at prevention of overweight and obesity in the Roma minority. Methods: To meet the goals, qualitative research was carried out, allowing also the monitoring of culturally conditioned behaviour patterns in field. The research set consisted of 25 Roma respondents above eighteen years of age who had a BMI value in the area of overweight or obesity (i.e. BMI ? 25 kg/m2). The respondents included 8 men and 17 women. The data analysis was performed with the help of the method of anchored theory that helps to search new connections. The analysis of qualitative data was carried out with the help of the MAXQDA 11 program. Results: The role of the nurse in prevention of overweight and obesity in the Roma consists in identification of influenceable risk factors resulting from life style and in their elimination under use of adequate motivation and efficient education. The culturally conditioned behaviour patterns constitute a distinctive factor that can influence the efficiency of the implemented interventions. The patterns can be seen already when taking the medical history in which the nurse tries to identify risk behaviours. For example, the Roma have problems with describing their eating habits from qualitative and quantitative perspective, particularly the frequency and regularity of eating. Other factors acting in the area of overweight and obesity include body image, social functions of eating, socio-economic status and the related food structure, etc. The understanding of the connections among the individual factors and of the motivation elements involved in the respective risk behaviour may introduce a new dimension into nursing. Scientific contributions of the dissertation: The data analysis and the integration of findings helped to create the methodology for an intervention program aimed at prevention of overweight and obesity. The material was subsequently consulted with representatives of the relevant minority and modified according to their comments. Subsequently, it was used in connection with the grant project number LD14114, implemented under financial support of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports within COST (Cooperation on Scientific and Technical Research), named "Obesity and overweight in Roma minority in the Region of South Bohemia".

Title: Effects of short-term parkour training programme on selected components of physical fitness in adolescents Objective: The aim of this work was to assess the influence of parkour on selected components of physical fitness - body composition, muscle fitness, aerobic fitness, flexibility - in a short-term programme. Methods: The ten-week experimental study dealt with the possibilities of using parkour to influence the parameters of physical fitness in boys age 16±2 years (N=10). Subjects went through measurement of bioelectrical analysis of body composition, muscle strength and endurance field tests, cardiopulmonary testing, sit-and-reach test. One-way analysis of variance with repeated measures (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. The strength of relationship between dependent and independent variables was expressed as unbiased effect size measure omega squared (ω2 ). Pearson two-tailed correlations were used to determine associations between measured parameters. Results: No significant changes in any body composition variables were observed with the parkour intervention. Fat mass increased by 0.18 %, fat free mass (FFM) decreased by 0.07 kg and the extracellular mass-body cell mass ratio (ECM/BCM) decreased by 0.02. Participants significantly improved standing broad jump distance (p <...

Thesis The Quality of Life Analysis at Educators and Propose a Program for Health Support in Tabor Region support especially deals with tutorial profession in the theoretical part, competence of teachers and provides the tutor profile. It describes quality of life concept in the next chapter. Important thing especially is the quality of the teacher´s life and its issue as well as the support of the teacher´s health. There was my aim to analyze the quality of tutor life in Tábor area in the research section and to propose and to verify the program of the health support. The research was realized on the base of questionnaire survey with the help of questionnaire WHOQOL-BREF. There was found a good life quality of the tutors and there was even the quality of life improved in the group that participated of my intervention program.

Já é conhecida a relação de reciprocidade entre consciência fonológica e habilidades de leitura. Diversas pesquisas demonstraram o efeito direto do treino em habilidades de consciência fonológica sobre a aquisição da leitura e como o treino sistemático da leitura auxilia no desenvolvimento de níveis mais complexos de consciência fonológica. Dentro deste contexto, o objetivo da pesquisa foi verificar a eficácia do CD-ROM Alfabetização Fônica Computadorizada no desenvolvimento de habilidades de consciência fonológica e de leitura em crianças do segundo ano do ensino fundamental. Participaram do estudo 81 crianças, com idades entre seis e oito anos, de ambos os sexos, matriculadas no segundo ano de uma escola municipal da periferia de um município com 30.000 habitantes. Para avaliar a consciência fonológica foi aplicada a Prova de Consciência Fonológica. Para avaliar as habilidades de leitura utilizou-se uma versão da Provinha Brasil e uma prova de leitura oral de palavras. Foi adotado um delineamento de comparação de grupos com três momentos de avaliação. No primeiro momento, todas as crianças foram avaliadas. Depois da primeira avaliação, foi conduzida a intervenção somente com as crianças do Grupo 1. Na intervenção, as atividades do CD-ROM foram distribuídas em dez sessões, que aconteciam duas vezes por semana. Ao final da intervenção, todos os participantes foram avaliados novamente. As crianças do Grupo 2 passaram pela intervenção depois da segunda avaliação. Após o término da intervenção no Grupo 2, foi realizada a última avaliação nos dois grupos. Os resultados foram analisados em termos de efeito da intervenção e resposta à intervenção em função do repertório prévio de habilidades de consciência fonológica. Em relação aos efeitos da intervenção, os resultados indicaram que o programa teve impacto direto nas habilidades de síntese fonêmica e segmentação fonêmica dos participantes. Isso foi observado pela diferença significativa entre os grupos apresentada na segunda avaliação, quando apenas um dos grupos havia sido submetido à intervenção. Nas outras habilidades envolvidas na consciência fonológica e nas habilidades de leitura, os resultados não indicaram efeito significativo da intervenção, mas mostraram desenvolvimento dessas habilidades ao longo do ano letivo. Para avaliar a resposta à intervenção em função do repertório prévio, os participantes foram classificados em cinco perfis de desenvolvimento das habilidades de consciência fonológica, antes e depois da intervenção. A comparação entre as avaliações pré e pós-intervenção mostrou que as crianças com repertório de entrada mais refinado, ou seja, com habilidades fonológicas mais desenvolvidas, foram as mais beneficiadas pelo programa. / The reciprocal relationship between phonological awareness and reading skills is already known. Several studies have demonstrated the direct effect of training in phonological awareness on reading acquisition and how the systematic training of reading supports the development of more complex levels of phonological awareness. In this context, the aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of the CD-ROM Alfabetização Fônica Computadorizada in the development of phonological awareness and reading in children from the second year of elementary school. The study included 81 children, aged between six and eight years old, of both sexes, enrolled in the second year of a public school on the outskirts of a town with 30,000 inhabitants. To assess phonological awareness, the Phonological Awareness Test was applied. To assess reading skills, a version of Provinha Brasil and an oral word reading test were applied. We adopted a randomized comparison of groups in three evaluation moments. At first, all children were assessed. After the first assessment, the intervention was conducted only on children from Group 1. During the intervention, the activities of the CD-ROM were distributed over ten sessions, which happened twice a week. At the end of the intervention, all participants were assessed again. Children from Group 2 went through the intervention after the second evaluation. At the end of the intervention in Group 2, the last evaluation was conducted in both groups. The results were analyzed in terms of the effect of the intervention and response to intervention due to prior repertoire of phonological awareness. Regarding the effects of the intervention, the results indicated that the program had a direct impact on phonemic synthesis and phonemic segmentation skills of the participants. This was observed through the significant difference between the groups during the second evaluation, when only one of the groups had been subjected to the intervention. In relation to the other skills involved in phonological awareness and reading skills, the results indicated no significant effect arising from the intervention, but showed development of these skills throughout the school year. In order to evaluate the response to the intervention as a function of prior repertoire, participants were classified into five development profiles of phonological awareness skills before and after the intervention. The comparison between pre- and post-intervention assessments showed that children with a more refined repertoire of entry, i.e. with more developed phonological skills, were the most benefited from the program.

Os objetivos da presente pesquisa foram: elaborar, implementar e avaliar um Programa de Orientação (PO) para grupo de pais de bebês com Síndrome de Down (SD). Tal programa foi elaborado a partir de um levantamento de necessidade das famílias. Participaram do estudo dois grupos de pais: Estudo I (três famílias) e Estudo II (cinco família), com crianças com SD e idades entre um mês e quinze meses. Utilizou-se um Roteiro de Entrevista SemiEstruturado e Entrevistas de Avaliação do PO. O programa do Estudo II foi aperfeiçoado em relação ao do Estudo I nos aspectos formais e quanto ao conteúdo, visando atender mais adequadamente às necessidades dos pais. Foram implementadas 10 sessões (Estudo I) e 13 sessões (Estudo II) audiogravadas, de 90 a 120 minutos, realizadas semanalmente numa escola da cidade de São Carlos, SP, nas quais se discutiram o desenvolvimento na primeira infância, as dificuldades da família para lidar com a criança deficiente, suas angústias e depressão, o que é SD e quais suas implicações para o desenvolvimento da criança. Os resultados das análises qualitativas das sessões de grupo evidenciaram que os pais precisam se reorganizar, após o nascimento do bebê com problemas. Eles, sozinhos, não conseguiram transformar os sentimentos de tristeza, frustração em relação ao filho deficiente. Todas as famílias apresentaram alto grau de estresse, principalmente no primeiro ano de vida da criança. As análises mostraram, ainda, que à medida em que elas iam aprendendo sobre o desenvolvimento da criança, as formas de cuidá-la, ocorria a percepção de que o filho estava evoluindo, atingindo os marcos do desenvolvimento e o estresse parental também ia diminuindo. Relataram a necessidade de terem suporte de um profissional especializado logo após o nascimento do bebê. Os resultados da avaliação dos pais sobre o programa de orientação mostraram que este foi eficaz, na medida em que abordou as necessidades apresentadas por eles, e foi importante para eles obter informações sobre o desenvolvimento natural da criança, pois isso lhes forneceu subsídios para agir e tomar decisões quanto à sua socialização. O espaço criado para as discussões em grupo possibilitou a troca de experiências quanto ao cuidado da criança e permitiu que as famílias falassem de suas angústias e expectativas. Este modelo de intervenção procurou mostrar aos pais a importância de sua participação ativa no processo de desenvolvimento da criança, dando-lhes suporte informativo e emocional. / The objectives of the present research were: to elaborate, apply, and evaluate an Orientation Program (OP) for a group of parents with Down\'s Syndrome (DS) babies. An initial study of daily living conditions and special needs of such families was conducted, and used as a basis for creating and implementing a series of orientation sessions for parents in order to provide emotional support and general information concerning development of their child during infancy. The sample was composed of two groups of parents: Study I (three families) and Study II (five families) with Down Syndrome (DS) children of from one to fifteen months. A Semi-Structured Interview was used as was an evaluation protocol to determine the effectiveness of these sessions (OP). Study II was the result of improving structure and content of Study I so as to meet the parents needs more effectively. Initially, ten sessions were held in a school in São Carlos, SP. ( Study I); thirteen sessions ( Study II) of from 90 to 120 minutes were then audiotaped weekly. Group sessions covered early childhood development, addressing issues raised by the parents concerning difficulties experienced in dealing with a developmentally delayed child, answering questions concerning these delays, and advising them about what to expect in terms of developmental progress. In addition, opportunities were offered for participants to share their worries and any feelings of anguish or depression. Qualitative analyses of the group sessions showed a parental need for regrouping following birth of a problematic baby and, particulary, for finding the necessary assistence in coping emotionally with their situation. All the families were shown to have experiencied a high stress degree, mainly in the first year. The analyses show, though, that as learning about child development and ways of caring continued, parental capacity to perceive the milestones in their child\'s evolution sharpened, there bye decreasing parental stress. The parents expressed need for professional support soon after the baby\'s birth. The results of parental evaluation of the program showed its effectiveness. Our findings highlight the importance of responding to parental need for information concerning their child\'s early development, addressing the painful emotional reactions experienced day-to-day coping, and discussing the relationships of immediate family members with the DS baby. The orientation sessions provide a means for these parents to understand the difficulties faced and plan more effective strategies for socializing their developmentally delayed child. Group discussions facilitated exchange of experiences in caring for the children and provided a space for the families to express their anguishes and discuss expectations. This intervention model aimed to show the parents the importance of their active participation in the child\'s development process by providing them with both information and emotional support

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No. of bitstreams: 1 renatamotateixeira.pdf: 558361 bytes, checksum: 709f67998a9849717b2c64ff66feca49 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-15 / Esta Dissertação analisa a situação de duas escolas estaduais de Juiz de Fora, sendo uma delas com baixo desempenho no Programa de Avaliação da Alfabetização – PROALFA, considerada escola estratégica, e outra que melhorou sua proficiência no mesmo programa do ano de 2010 para 2011 e atingiu as metas propostas pela Secretaria de Estado de Educação de Minas Gerais, buscando identificar práticas escolares que possam contribuir para justificar essa diferença de resultados, a partir da implementação do Programa de Intervenção Pedagógica / Alfabetização no Tempo Certo – PIP/ATC. O interesse pelo tema da pesquisa se justifica pela constatação de que apesar do investimento do governo estadual em capacitações e materiais, com foco na alfabetização, ainda temos muitas escolas consideradas estratégicas, que são escolas que possuem dez ou mais alunos com proficiência abaixo do nível recomendado nas avaliações do PROALFA, ou seja, nos níveis intermediário ou baixo.No âmbito da pesquisa qualitativa foi realizado um estudo de caso que verificou a influência do Programa de Intervenção Pedagógica sobre o planejamento e o direcionamento das ações dos professores alfabetizadores das escolas mencionadas anteriormente. Foi investigada a importância dada pelo gestor às ações e materiais do programa advindos da SEE/MG e a existência de possíveis entraves no desenvolvimento do programa que apontem para a necessidade de ajustes e reformulações do mesmo, ou seja, foi realizada uma análise da gestão do PIP dentro das escolas. Os resultados indicaram que o PIP/ATC tem influenciado as escolas a desenvolverem ações que interfiram na condição de alfabetização dos alunos, tendo como elemento motivador da mudança o monitoramento do aprendizado dos alunos via avaliações externas, ou seja, é a avaliação que está mobilizando as escolas. A pesquisa também identificou pontos de dicotomia entre a escola estratégica e a escola que não está nessa condição. Os principais pontos são: gestor que conduz a discussão do PIP na escola X gestor que atua como coparticipante na implementação do PIP; maior frequência nas capacitações X menor frequência nas capacitações e PIP centrado em ações específicas em sala de aula X PIP com base em intervenções mais gerais, ainda que os dados analisados nesse último ponto sejam menos consistentes. / This thesis analyzes the situation of two state schools in Juiz de Fora city, one of them with low performance in Assessment Program of Literacy – called in portuguese PROALFA considered strategic school, and another who improved their proficiency in the same program from 2010 to 2011 and reached the goals proposed by the State Department of Education of Minas Gerais, searching to identify school practices that may contribute to explain this difference results from the implementation of the Educational Intervention Program / Literacy at the Right Time - PIP / ATC (Portuguese Abreviations). The interest in the subject of the research is justified by the fact that despite the state government's investment in training and materials, with a focus on literacy, we still have many schools considered strategic, which are schools that have ten or more students with proficiency below the recommended level evaluations of PROALFA, which means, with low or intermediate levels of literacy. Within the qualitative research was conducted a case study that examined the influence of Pedagogical Intervention Program for planning and directing the actions of literacy teachers of the schools mentioned above. We investigated the importance given by the manager to the actions and program materials given by SEE / MG ( State Departament of Education of Minas Gerais) and possible obstacles in the development of the program which may indicate the need for adjustments and restatements of the same, in other words, an analysis of the management of PIP (Abreviation in Portuguese for a program in Education) was done inside the schools. The results indicated that the PIP / ATC has influenced schools to develop actions that has been interfering in the condition of literacy students taking as basic motivator of change the monitoring of students learning via external evaluations, in other words, it is the school evaluation that is mobilizing schools. The survey also identified points of dichotomy between strategic school and the school that is not in this condition. The main points are: school manager leading the discussion of PIP in school X and school manager who acts as a co-participant in the implementation of the PIP; greater frequency in the training X less frequently in the training and PIP focused on specific actions in the classroom based on X PIP based on more general interventions, although the data analyzed in this last point are less consistent.

Background: Working memory (WM) refers to a system responsible for temporarily storing and manipulating information. It is recognised as having a key role in supporting children’s learning. Research has suggested that targeted interventions can lead to improvements in children’s WM capacity or strategies to increase its efficiency. Some interventions, largely computer-based but also practical, claim to address the needs of whole classes. There is relatively little research concerned with the implementation of such programmes as whole class interventions. Participants: Two Year 5 classes from separate schools received two WM interventions, MeeMo and Memory Booster. Six students from each class were selected to create two focus groups. Both class teachers also participated in the research. Methods: A mixed methods design was utilised, with an emphasis on qualitative data. Each class received a randomly allocated six week intervention implemented by the class teacher. Fidelity and dosage were monitored through the use of structured observations and an implementation diary completed by the class teachers. Two student focus groups and two semi-structured teacher interviews were conducted. The in-built monitoring provisions of each intervention were also investigated. Analysis/Findings: All qualitative data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings were presented as thematic maps, exploring the facilitators and barriers for implementation of each intervention. Quantitative data gathered through each interventions monitoring provision were analysed using descriptive statistics to inform discussion around the perceived outcomes. Conclusion/Implications: The study extends understanding of the context-specific implementation factors involved in using MeeMo and Memory Booster as whole class interventions and explores the utility of the monitoring provision of each intervention. A framework for effective implementation was developed and specific recommendations for both programme developers and school staff are provided.

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue realizar un programa de intervención dirigido a una niña con problemas de conducta. El método consistió en un estudio de caso clínico, debido a que se realiza una intervención terapéutica en un sujeto en particular. Se evaluó a una niña de 10 años y 9 meses quien reside en Lima. Se aplicó la técnica de observación con una guía específica y la técnica de entrevista clínica. Asimismo, se diseñó un programa de intervención basada en la TCC. Por ende, se proponen técnicas operantes en el control de contingencias, potenciamiento de conductas, relajación, psicoeducación en emociones y entrenamiento en habilidades sociales. Los resultados evidencian que las técnicas aplicadas y el programa de intervención, fueron adecuados para regular la conducta disruptiva de la niña. Esta demostró una notable mejora en cuanto a la regulación de sus impulsos, una mejora en la relación con sus pares y con las autoridades de la institución. Además, demostró un adecuado avance en el rendimiento académico y organización de sus tareas. Sin embargo, aún presenta dificultades para empatizar con los demás y fijar su atención en clase. Se concluye que, el programa de intervención basado en TCC fue idóneo para tratar el caso presentado. Se recomienda que la niña continúe con el reforzamiento de sus recursos y entrenamiento de habilidades para lograr consolidar el proceso de intervención y obtener mejores resultados. / The objective of the present investigation was to carry out an intervention program aimed at a girl with behavioral problems. The method consisted of a clinical case study, because a therapeutic intervention is performed on a particular subject. A 10-year-old and 9-month-old girl who lives in Lima was evaluated. The observation technique with a specific guide and the clinical interview technique were applied. Likewise, an intervention program based on CBT was designed. Therefore, operating techniques are proposed in contingency control, behavior enhancement, relaxation, psychoeducation in emotions and training in social skills. The results show that the applied techniques and the intervention program were adequate to regulate the girl's disruptive behavior. This showed a notable improvement in the regulation of their impulses, an improvement in the relationship with their peers and with the authorities of the institution. In addition, it demonstrated an adequate advance in the academic performance and organization of its tasks. However, she still has difficulties empathizing with others and fixing her attention in class. It is concluded that the CBT-based intervention program was ideal for treating the case presented. It is recommended that the girl continue to reinforce her resources and skills training to consolidate the intervention process and obtain better results. / Trabajo de investigación

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychology at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2012. / The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a group intervention program among learners of Ongoye High School in dealing with school violence. Ultimately, the study wanted to assist and encourage emotional well-being by improving the current intervention program aimed at helping leaners deal with psychological effects of violence in Ongoye High School. The sample consisted of ten (10) participants which included learners from grade eleven to twelve. The study was conducted for a period of two weeks. The results of the study were drawn from focus group discussion including the distribution of pre and post questionnaires. The results brought on additional knowledge that could be incorporated into the program and be administered at other High Schools in dealing with the issues of school violence.