Submitted by Marco Antônio de Ramos Chagas (mchagas@ufv.br) on 2019-01-24T12:02:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2911582 bytes, checksum: 07fd890e71dd9999fc2fe2dcaee36a86 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-24T12:02:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2911582 bytes, checksum: 07fd890e71dd9999fc2fe2dcaee36a86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-24 / Uma das opções para evitar a disseminação de plantas daninhas tolerantes e resistentes consiste na utilização de misturas de herbicidas com diferentes mecanismos de ação. O herbicida atrazine, quando aplicado em mistura com óleo mineral, promove controle eficiente de plantas daninhas dicotiledôneas e controle apenas regular das monocotiledôneas que infestam a cultura do milho. Em razão disso, esse herbicida quando recomendado para uso em pós-emergência, deve ser aplicado misturado com outro herbicida. Um dos herbicidas muito utilizado em mistura com o atrazine tem sido o mesotrione. Todavia, quando se misturam duas moléculas químicas que têm atividade biológica, estas podem interagirem promovendo efeitos antagônicos, sinérgicos ou aditivos sobre o organismo alvo. Diante disso, o objetivo desse trabalho foi conhecer o tipo de interação da mistura dos herbicidas atrazine + mesotrione quando aplicados sobre diferentes espécies de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho. Para isso foi avaliada a eficiência dos herbicidas atrazine e mesotrione, em aplicações isoladas e em misturas, sem adição de óleo mineral a calda, em duas doses (dose comercial e 1,3 vezes a dose comercial), no controle da soja-tiguera (Glycine max) e das plantas daninhas Ipomoea grandifolia, Bidens pilosa, Tridax procumbens e Commelina benghalensis. A eficiência de controle dessas espécies variou conforme as doses dos herbicidas e a forma de aplicação, isolado ou em mistura. Constatou-se efeito aditivo da mistura de atrazine + mesotrione no controle das plantas daninhas em ambas as doses analisadas. A aplicação isolada dos herbicidas, independente da dose, promoveu eficiência de controle máximo de 60 % na avaliação feita aos 14 dias após aplicação dos tratamentos. Por outro lado, atrazine + mesotrione na maior dose (2.600 + 124,8 g ha -1 ) controlou cerca de 80% da comunidade infestante aos 28 dias após aplicação. Conclui-se que há um efeito aditivo da mistura de tanque de atrazine e mesotrione no controle das plantas daninhas. Todavia, a aplicação dessa mistura, sem a adição de óleo mineral na calda, não permite controle satisfatório das plantas daninhas avaliadas. / One of the options to avoid the spread of tolerant and resistant weeds is the use of mixtures of herbicides with different mechanisms of action. The herbicide atrazine, applied in mixture with mineral oil, promotes efficient control of dicotyledon weeds and only regular control of monocotyledons. Because of this, it is recommended that the application of this herbicide in post-emergence be carried out in mixture with another herbicide. An herbicide widely used in mixture with atrazine has been mesotrione. However, when mixing chemical molecules that have biological activity, they can interact by promoting antagonistic, synergistic or additive effects on the target organism. Thus, the objective of this work was to know the interaction type of atrazine + mesotrione herbicide mixture when applied on different weed species in the maize crop. For this, the efficiency of atrazine and mesotrione herbicides, applied alone and in mixtures, without addition of mineral oil in the herbicides syrup, in two doses (commercial dose and 1.3 times the commercial dose) were evaluated to control of volunteer soybean (Glycine max) and the weeds Ipomoea grandifolia, Bidens pilosa, Tridax procumbens and Commelina benghalensis. The control efficiency of these plant species varied according to the herbicide’s doses and the application form, alone or in mixture. We observed an additive effect of the atrazine + mesotrione mixture on weed control at both doses. The herbicide application, regardless of the dose, promoted a maximum control efficiency of 60% in the evaluation done at 14 days after application of the treatments. On the other hand, atrazine + mesotrione at the highest dose (2,600 + 124,8 g ha -1 ) controlled about 80% of the weed community at 28 days after application. We concluded that there is an additive effect of atrazine and mesotrione tank mix in weed control. However, the application of this mixture, without the addition of mineral oil in the herbicide syrup, does not allow satisfactory control of the evaluated weeds. / Currículo Lattes não encontrado.

A batata-doce (Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam.)) é uma planta tropical de origem americana, sendo, portanto bem adaptada às condições climáticas do Brasil. Entre as culturas amiláceas, a batata-doce tem sido alvo de pesquisas há mais de uma década por parte de pesquisadores da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT). Das várias condições existentes que podem afetar o ciclo da batata-doce, interferindo na formação e enchimento de suas raízes tuberosas pode-se citar fatores bióticos e abióticos. Assim, problemas de natureza genética, nutricional, climáticos ou químicos (toxicidade por herbicidas) devem ser considerados como distúrbios fisiológicos. Danos consideráveis podem ser causados pela aplicação inadequada ou acidental de uma vasta gama de produtos químicos agrícolas (herbicidas). A ocorrência de deriva acidental é considerada um sério problema em muitas áreas de cultivo, principalmente quando faz-se o uso de herbicidas não seletivos, como o glyphosate. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com o presente estudo, avaliar os efeitos da deriva simulada do glyphosate na fisiologia e produção da batata-doce (cv. Duda). O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal do Tocantins, campus de Gurupi. O delineamento utilizado foi em esquema fatorial 3 x 3 + 1, correspondendo a 3 épocas de aplicação (25, 50 e 75 dias após o transplantio das ramas) x 3 doses de glyphosate, (72, 144 e 288 g e.a. L-1), mais uma testemunha sem aplicação (0 g e.a. L-1). O experimento foi distribuído em blocos casualizados, repetido quatro vezes. Realizou-se análises fisiológicas (em intervalos de dois dias por um período de dez dias após aplicação do herbicida) utilizando equipamento IRGA, avaliando as variáveis: condutância estomática, carbono interno, assimilação líquida de CO2, transpiração, eficiência instantânea do uso da água e eficiência instantânea da carboxilação, morfológicas (massa fresca da parte aérea, massa seca da parte aérea, massa fresca da raiz e massa seca da raiz) no final do experimento, amido das raízes e estimou-se a quantidade de etanol. As doses de glyphosate de 144 e 288 g e.a. L-1 foram os que mais reduziram as variáveis fisiológicas e morfológicas avaliadas. Porém na dose de 144 g e.a. L-1 do glyphosate, a porcentagem de amido e a estimativa de etanol foi superior aos da testemunha. As épocas que mais afetaram as variáveis morfológicas da batata-doce foram nas aplicações aos 50 e 75 dias após o plantio. / The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam.)) is a tropical plant of American origin, and is therefore well adapted to the climatic conditions of Brazil. Among the amylaceous crops, sweet potatoes have been the subject of research for more than a decade by researchers from the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT). From the various existing conditions that can affect the sweet potato cycle, interfering in the formation and filling of its tuberous roots can be mentioned biotic and abiotic factors. Thus, genetic, nutritional, climatic or chemical problems (herbicide toxicity) should be considered as physiological disorders. Considerable damage can be caused by improper or accidental application of a wide range of agricultural chemicals (herbicides). The occurrence of accidental drift is considered a serious problem in many growing areas, especially when non-selective herbicides such as glyphosate are used. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of simulated glyphosate drift on the physiology and production of sweet potato (cv. Duda). The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Tocantins, campus Gurupi. The design was 3 x 3 + 1, corresponding to 3 application times (25, 50 and 75 days after transplanting) x 3 doses of glyphosate (72, 144 and 288 g e.a. L-1), plus one control without application (0 g e.a. L-1). The experiment was distributed in randomized blocks, repeated four times. Physiological analyzes (at two-day intervals for a period of ten days after application of the herbicide) were performed using IRGA equipment, evaluating the variables: stomatal conductance, internal carbon, CO2 net assimilation, transpiration, instant water use efficiency and instantaneous efficiency of carboxylation, morphological (fresh shoot mass, shoot dry matter, fresh root mass and root dry mass) at the end of the experiment, root starch and the amount of ethanol was estimated. The glyphosate doses of 144 and 288 g e.a. L-1 were the ones that most reduced the physiological and morphological variables evaluated. However at the 144 g e.a. L-1 dose of glyphosate, the percentage of starch and the ethanol estimate was higher than the control. The periods that most affected the morphological variables of sweet potato were in the applications at 50 and 75 days after planting.

batata-doce possui características que a qualificam como fonte bioenergética, embora exista gargalos na otimização da produtividade da cultura em larga escala, essa biomassa apresenta um grande potencial para a produção industrial de etanol. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar seis cultivares de batata-doce, com relação a dois tipos de mudas no que tange a propagação vegetativa, uma originada da parte área (ramas) e outra da raiz tuberosa (brotos). Os parâmetros avaliados foram à produtividade total de raízes e de ramas, teor de matéria seca de raiz e ramas, a estimativa de produção por hectare, o rendimento teórico de etanol e a interação entre o tipo de muda e as cultivares analisadas. A partir da farinha das raízes foram realizadas as análises bromatológicas quantificando o teor de amido, proteína bruta, fibra bruta, lipídeos, cinzas e estimado a produtividade de amido por hectare. Os resultados evidenciaram genótipos de batata-doce com produtividade de raízes acima de (85 t ha-1), teor de amido (66,4%), teor de proteína (3,21%), teor de fibra bruta (4,11%), teor de lipídeos (0,95%), teor de cinzas (2,66%), a produtividade de amido (18,13 t ha-1) e rendimento em etanol (13,14 m3 ha-1). As mudas originadas dos brotamento das raízes tiveram produtividade superiores as de estaquias das ramas. As cultivares Beatriz, Duda e Marcela se mostraram altamente promissores para a produção de etanol em escala industrial. / The sweet potato has characteristics that qualify it as a source of bioenergy, although there bottlenecks in the optimization of large-scale crop productivity, this biomass has great potential for industrial production of ethanol. The objective of this study was to compare six sweet-potato cultivars with respect to two types of seedlings with respect to vegetative propagation, one originated from the area of (branches) and other tuberous root (shoots). We evaluated the overall productivity of roots and branches, dry matter content of roots and branches, the per hectare production estimate, the theoretical ethanol yield and the interaction between the type of changes and the analyzed cultivars. From the flour roots were carried out chemical analysis quantifying the starch content, crude protein, crude fiber, lipids, ash and estimated starch productivity per hectare. The results showed sweet potato genotypes root yield above (85 t ha-1), starch content (66.4%), protein (3.21%), crude fiber (4,11 %) lipid content (0.95%), ash content (2.66%), starch productivity (18,13 t ha-1) and ethanol yield (13.14 m3 h-1). The seedlings originated from sprouting roots had higher productivity of the estaquias of branches. Cultivars Beatriz, Duda and Marcela were highly promising for ethanol production on an industrial scale.

<p><p>Plants and their pathogens coevolve, with pathogen infection and host resistance acting in evolutionary antagonism of each other. Plant-pathogen coevolution has been shown to effect genetic divergence between populations and species, resulting in localized or specialized interactions between hosts and pathogens. Because most of the studies to date investigating plant-pathogen coevolution have been carried out in managed systems and have focused on pairwise interactions, we know little about three aspects of plant pathosystems in natural settings: 1) the role in nature of the gene-for-gene paradigm for genetic determination of resistance; 2) the relationship of host community diversity and structure, and host-pathogen interaction structure, to the coevolutionary process; and 3) the factors which underlie and drive local adaptation and specialization of interactions.</p><p><p>This dissertation constitutes the results of research in which I have begun addressing these aspects in a natural plant-fungus pathosystem comprising three <i>Ipomoea</i> host species and a single rust pathogen, <i>Coleosporium ipomoeae</i>. I have expanded previous characterization of the genetics of plant resistance in one constituent host species in the system by genetic crosses to characterize the basis of resistance in two additional species, finding support for the expectation that the gene-for-gene paradigm of interaction is important in natural systems. I conducted a cross-inoculation experiment designed to assess host and pathogen variation in infectivity and resistance, to investigate patterns of community interaction structure, and the role that antagonistic coevolution may play in structuring the communities which compose pathosystems. In these experiments I found that the coevolutionary interaction in this system leads to genetic divergence and the substantial amount of host and pathogen variation I discovered, but that it tends to preserve one pattern of community interaction structure across communities. I expanded my cross-inoculation experimental design to facilitate analysis of quantitative aspects of pathogenesis by measuring the intensity of infections, to test existing hypotheses concerning local adaptation and specialization in pathosystems. In this analysis I found strong host local adaptation and pathogen local maladaptation for the qualitative interaction trait of infectivity, and I found weak host local maladaptation and pathogen local adaptation for the quantitative interaction trait of aggressiveness. I also found host specialization among pathogens, and specialized resistance among hosts, to be common in this system. In light of these results, I hypothesize that the geographic scale of host-pathogen coevolution in this system is that of the local community, and that differences between host species result in persistent but incomplete host specialization in pathogen races.</p> / Dissertation

Sharppod morningglory is a perennial vine commonly found infesting croplands in Texas and the southeastern United States. Previous research regarding morningglory competition and control primarily focused on annual Ipomoea. Interference, control, and herbicide translocation of sharppod morningglory could differ from that of other morningglories because of differences in growth and resource allocation. Therefore, field and laboratory experiments were conducted from 2001 to 2004 to: 1) determine the effects of seed-propagated and root-sprouted sharppod morningglory on cotton economic value, yield, harvest efficiency, and fiber quality; 2) evaluate sharppod morningglory control with cotton herbicides, and determine the effect of diuron rates on glyphosate absorption and translocation; and 3) assess the impact of cotton herbicide program and cotton-corn rotation on weed species composition over three years. A relatively large proportion of sharppod morningglory biomass was accumulated belowground during the first 8 wk of growth in the greenhouse. Consequently, up to 6 plants 10-m row-1 did not significantly reduce cotton lint yield. Sharppod morningglory density impacted color grade more than any other classification parameter. Through combined effects on yield and quality, cotton lint value was reduced by approximately 85% in the presence of 8 sharppod morningglory 10 m-1. Glyphosate alone did not completely control sharppod morningglory. The use of glufosinate, bromoxynil, or a combination of glyphosate plus diuron provided acceptable control. Sharppod morningglory absorbed up to 75% of glyphosate when applied alone, but most glyphosate was retained in treated leaves and did not translocate well. Diuron decreased absorption, increased leaf retention, and inhibited glyphosate translocation to roots. Rotation to corn and the use of preemergence herbicides in cotton improved control of grass and broadleaf weeds during the year of treatment. In the season following the 3-yr rotation, there were no lasting effects of crop rotation on density or control of grasses and broadleaves. However, hand-hoed and herbicide treated plots resulted in weed densities 2- to 3-fold lower than the untreated. Preemergence herbicides and/or crop rotation can reduce weed density and improve weed control, but these strategies must be employed long-term to reduce density of problematic weeds through depletion of the soil seedbank.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Submitted by ISABELA NOGUEIRA FONSECA CORDEIRO (isabela.cordeiro@ifma.edu.br) on 2018-09-04T04:17:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação definitiva, Isabela.pdf: 2210228 bytes, checksum: c54245ee348cebaa75204af69c942d9d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Neli Silvia Pereira null (nelisps@fcav.unesp.br) on 2018-09-04T13:04:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 cordeiro_inf_me_jabo.pdf: 2210228 bytes, checksum: c54245ee348cebaa75204af69c942d9d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T13:04:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 cordeiro_inf_me_jabo.pdf: 2210228 bytes, checksum: c54245ee348cebaa75204af69c942d9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-13 / Outra / A Batata-doce é um alimento versátil, de fácil aquisição e produção, entretanto, as raízes apresentam inconvenientes como desuniformidade, descasque e rápido escurecimento após o corte, por isso, esse vegetal mostra-se um produto com características a serem superadas pelo processamento mínimo. O uso de agentes antioxidantes e/ou tratamento térmico tem apresentado efeitos satisfatórios na qualidade pós-colheita de produtos hortícolas. Os ácidos cítrico e ascórbico atuam na inativação de enzimas responsáveis pelo escurecimento, devido à redução de pH e ação antioxidante, respectivamente. O tratamento térmico moderado que age na inativação de enzimas do escurecimento sem alterar a textura do vegetal. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito do ácido cítrico, ascórbico e tratamento térmico em diferentes concentrações e tempos na qualidade de batata-doce minimante processadas. As raízes de casca rosada e polpa amarela, foram, higienizadas, descascadas e feitos cortes transversais ao eixo principal obtendo rodelas de 1 cm de espessura, que foram submetidas a diferentes tratamentos, à saber, imersão em soluções de ácido citrico (AC) à 0, 1, 2 e 3% por 1 min; ácido ascórbico (AA) à 0, 1, 2 e 3% por 1min e tratamento térmico (TT) à 50°C por 0, 1, 3 e 5 min. Em seguida as batatas-doce foram centrifugadas e armazenadas em bandejas de tereftalado de polietileno (PET) a temperatura de 5 °C e 85% UR por um período de 8 dias. A cada 2 dias avaliou-se a perda acumulada de massa fresca, firmeza, índice de brancura, o pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, atividade respiratória. Amostras foram congeladas e armazenadas para análises posteriores de compostos fenólicos, atividade das enzimas peroxidase (POD), polifenoloxidase (PPO) e açucares solúveis. Batata-doce minimamente processada tratadas com 2% de ácido cítrico mostraram melhores resultados no escurecimento enzimático e qualidade do vegetal, enquanto o ácido ascórbico na concentração de 2%, apresentou melhor resultado na diminuição da atividade enzimática e qualidade do vegetal. O tratamento térmico a 50°C por 3 min, mostrou-se eficiente na qualidade de batata-doce minimamente processada. / Sweet potato is a versatile food, easy to acquire and produce, however, the roots present disadvantages such as unevenness, peeling and fast darkening after cutting, so this vegetable shows a product with characteristics to be overcome by the minimally processed. The use of antioxidants and / or heat treatment has shown satisfactory effects on the post-harvest quality of vegetables. The citric and ascorbic acids act in the inactivation of enzymes responsible for darkening, due to the reduction of pH and antioxidant action, respectively. The moderate heat treatment that acts in the inactivation of darkening enzymes without changing the texture of the vegetable. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of the acids citric and ascorbic combine with heat treatment at different concentrations and times in the quality of sweetened sweet potato processed. The roots with rosy peel and yellow pulp were cleaned, peeled and cut transversally around the principal axis, obtaining slices with 1 cm of thickness. The slices were submitted to different treatments, namely immersion in citric acid solutions (AC) at 0, 1, 2 and 3 % for 1 min; ascorbic acid (AA) at 0, 1, 2 and 3 % for 1min and, heat treatment (TT) at 50 °C for 0 (immersion in water at room temperature), 1, 3 and 5 min. Then, the pretreated sweet potatoes were centrifuged and stored in polyethylene terephthalate trays (pet) at 5°c and 85±5 % RH for a period of 8 days. Every 2 days the loss of accumulated fresh mass, firmness, whiteness index, pH titratable acidity, soluble solids and respiratory activity were evaluated. Samples were frozen and stored for further analysis of phenolic compounds, peroxidase enzyme activity (POD), polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and soluble sugars. The acid citric concentration of 2% provided the best whiteness index of the slices. Minimally processed sweet potato treated with 2% citric acid presented better results in enzymatic darkening and vegetable quality, while ascorbic acid at 2% concentration showed better results in the decrease of the enzymatic activity and the quality of the vegetable. The heat treatment at 50 °C for 3 min was efficient in the quality of the minimally processed sweet potato.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-22T13:39:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 jorge_augusto_assis_gomes.pdf: 858179 bytes, checksum: 2c111fc5c350cc28b8f24139d36ec85c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-22T13:40:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 jorge_augusto_assis_gomes.pdf: 858179 bytes, checksum: 2c111fc5c350cc28b8f24139d36ec85c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-22T13:41:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 jorge_augusto_assis_gomes.pdf: 858179 bytes, checksum: 2c111fc5c350cc28b8f24139d36ec85c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-22T13:41:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 jorge_augusto_assis_gomes.pdf: 858179 bytes, checksum: 2c111fc5c350cc28b8f24139d36ec85c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / A batata-doce [Ipomoea batatas (L.)], ? considerada uma planta r?stica, no entanto, ? suscet?vel a grande n?mero de pragas e doen?as. Os nematoides-das-galhas, Meloidogyne spp. est?o entre as pragas mais destrutivas da cultura da batata-doce. S?o necess?rios trabalhos que explorem a variabilidade gen?tica existente na esp?cie para se obter clones resistentes a esse fitopat?geno. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar clones de batata-doce quanto ? resist?ncia aos nematoides-das-galhas. Foram conduzidos tr?s experimentos independentes em casa de vegeta??o para testar a resist?ncia dos clones de batata-doce quanto aos nematoides formadores de galhas, no per?odo de novembro de 2012 a maio de 2013. Foram avaliados 63 clones no delineamento experimental de blocos completos casualizados, com tr?s repeti??es e seis plantas por parcela. Utilizaram-se in?culos de Meloidogyne incognita ra?a1, Meloidogyne incognita ra?a 3 e Meloidogyne javanica. A classifica??o dos n?veis de resist?ncia foi realizada de acordo com o fator de reprodu??o (FR) e o ?ndice de reprodu??o (IR), relativo a cultivar de tomate Santa Clara, suscet?vel ao nematoide. Os resultados apresentados indicam que existe variabilidade gen?tica dos clones para a resist?ncia aos nematoides e, elevada propor??o de clones de batata-doce apresentaram rea??o de resist?ncia para as ra?as 1 e 3 do M. incognita e M. javanica. As classifica??es pelo fator de reprodu??o e ?ndice de reprodu??o podem ser utilizadas para avalia??es de n?veis de resist?ncia em clones de batata-doce, promovendo a distin??o entre clones resistentes e suscet?veis. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.)), is considered a rustic plant, however, is susceptible to a lot of pests and diseases. The root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. are between the most destructive pests of sweet-potato culture. Studies are necessary to explore the genetic variability of the existing specie, in order to obtain plant pathogens resistant clones. The objective of this paper was evaluating sweet potato clones resistance to root-knot nematodes. Three independent experiments were performed in greenhouses to test the sweet potato clone resistance to the root-knot nematodes, in the period of November of 2012 and May of 2013. Sixty-three clones were evaluated in the randomized blocks design, with three replications and six plants in each parcel. We use inocula of Meloidogyne incognita race1, Meloidogyne incognita race 3 e Meloidogyne javanica. The classification of the resistance levels were made according to the reproduction factor (FR), and the reproduction index (IR), relative to cultivar of tomato Santa Clara, susceptible to the nematode. The results indicate that exist a genetic variability of the clones to resist nematodes, and a high portion sweet potato clones presented a resistance reaction to the races 1 e 3 of M. incognita e M. javanica. The criteria for the classification of the reproduction factor (FR), and the reproduction index (IR), may be utilized to the evaluation of the resistance level of the sweet potato clones, promoting the distinction among clones resistant and susceptible.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-05T12:38:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 elisangela_knoblauch_viega_andrade.pdf: 1007346 bytes, checksum: 82e99aa23997633aaed7026a8489fe65 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-05T17:44:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 elisangela_knoblauch_viega_andrade.pdf: 1007346 bytes, checksum: 82e99aa23997633aaed7026a8489fe65 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-05T17:44:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 elisangela_knoblauch_viega_andrade.pdf: 1007346 bytes, checksum: 82e99aa23997633aaed7026a8489fe65 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Objetivou-se realizar a caracteriza??o morfol?gica e molecular de gen?tipos de batata-doce do banco de germoplasma da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM). Para a caracteriza??o morfol?gica, o experimento foi conduzido no Setor de Olericultura da UFVJM sendo avaliados 60 gen?tipos de batata-doce, utilizando 24 descritores morfol?gicos, tanto da parte a?rea quanto da parte radicular. As avalia??es da parte a?rea foram realizadas 60 e 90 dias ap?s o plantio, e as avalia??es da parte radicular foram realizadas ap?s a colheita aos 150 dias ap?s o plantio. Para a caracteriza??o molecular foram utilizadas amostras foliares de 60 acessos oriundos do banco de germoplasma-UFVJM. A extra??o do DNA foi realizada no Laborat?rio de Gen?tica e Biotecnologia Florestal (UFVJM), utilizando o m?todo Fenol-Clorof?rmio. Para a amplifica??o do DNA, foram utilizados onze primers microssat?lites espec?ficos para a batata-doce. A diversidade morfol?gica e molecular foi obtida por meio da gera??o de matrizes de dissimilaridade baseando-se no coeficiente de coincid?ncia simples e ?ndices de Jaccard, respectivamente. Para o estudo da diverg?ncia recorreu-se ao dendrograma ilustrativo obtido pelo m?todo UPGMA e ao agrupamento de Tocher. Para as matrizes de dissimilaridade obtida com os dados morfol?gicos e moleculares foram estimadas dist?ncias gen?ticas variando de 0,08 a 0,92 com m?dia 0,52 e 0,14 a 1, com m?dia 0,76, respectivamente. Observou-se pelos dendrogramas de dissimilaridade e pelo agrupamento de Tocher, que os acessos de batata-doce do banco de germoplasma da UFVJM apresentaram diversidade gen?tica e fenot?pica, sendo promissores em programas de melhoramento desta cultura. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT The objective was to make the morphological and molecular characterization of sweet potato genotypes of the germplasm bank of the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Vales (UFVJM). For morphological characterization, the experiment was conducted in the Horticulture Sector of UFVJM being evaluated 60 sweet potato genotypes, using 24 morphological descriptors of both the shoots as the root part. The shoot evaluations were performed 60 and 90 days after planting, and ratings of roots were done after harvest at 150 days after planting. The molecular characterization leaf samples from 60 hits coming from the germplasm bank-UFVJM were used. DNA extraction was performed in Forest Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory (UFVJM) using the phenol-chloroform method. For amplification of DNA eleven microsatellite primers specific for the sweet potato were used. The morphological diversity and Molecular was obtained by generating dissimilarity matrices based on the simple matching coefficient of Jaccard indices, respectively. To study the divergence appealed to the illustrative dendrogram by UPGMA and Tocher grouping. For dissimilarity matrices obtained with morphological and molecular data were estimated genetic distances ranging from 0,08 to 0,92 with a mean 0,52 and 0,14 to 1, with mean 0,76, respectively. It was observed by dendrograms of dissimilarity and the Tocher group, the sweet potato accessions of germplasm bank of UFVJM showed genetic and phenotypic diversity, and promising in breeding programs of this culture.