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1	Trade in Mesopotamia from the early dynastic period to the early Achaemenid period with emphasis on the finance of such trade Hay, Francis Anthony Mirko 01 1900 (has links) This dissertation considered trade and trade finance in Mesopotamia over a period of 2000 years commencing with Sumeria and ending with Achaemenid Persia, taking in Ur III and Assyria. A range of financial instruments was selected together with important business transactions, for instance, agricultural finance, specifically the brewing industry and the working capital requirements of merchants and money lenders. The role of women in private enterprise was examined, including their role in retail finance. The great estates of temple and palace had a substantial impact on finance and trade throughout the periods. Their interaction with merchants and money lenders was important to the study. I used reductionism to facilitate analysis of complex products highlighting the essentials of finance namely, borrowing, lending and return. The study concludes that, during the era under consideration, the evolution and enhancement of the financial instruments and products developed in self-generated, incremental and progressive steps. / Biblical & Ancient Studies / M.A. (Ancient Near East Studies) Achaemenid Persia Antichretic Assyria Babylon Brewing Bronze Age Economy Finance Lending Loan Merchant Negotiable Mesopotamia Money Money lender Palace Promissory note Rate of interest Temple Trade Trade finance Women in finance 382.0935 Commerce, Prehistoric -- Iraq Economics, Prehistoric -- Iraq Finance -- Iraq Iraq -- Antiquities Iraq -- Civilization -- To 634 Bronze age -- Iraq
2	Family deceased estate division agreements from old Babylonian Larsa, Nippur and Sippar Claassens, Susandra Jacoba 11 1900 (has links) In most cases in a deceased person’s estate, there are problems with co-ownership where more than one family member inherits the deceased family estate assets. To escape the perils of co-ownership the beneficiaries consensually agree to divide the inherited communallyshared asset/s. This agreement can take place immediately after the death of the family estate owner or some time later regarding some or all of the said assets. On the conclusion of the division agreement, the contractual party who receives the awarded assets enjoys sole ownership and the other contractual parties by agreement retract their ownership. In a jurisprudential content analysis of forty-six recorded family deceased division agreements from Old Babylonian Larsa and Nippur, essential elements are identified which are the framework and qualification requirements for a family deceased division agreement. Within this framework the concepts, terms and elements of the agreement are categorised as natural and incidental elements, which reflect the specific law traditions and choices of contractual parties and show the unique scribal traditions in the different Old Babylonian city-states of Larsa, Nippur and Sippar. The aim of the study is to shed a more focused light on the interpretation of recorded Old Babylonian division agreements and to show that the division agreement was a successful, timeless, estate administration mechanism and tool to obviate any undesirable consequences of co-ownership of the bequeathed property. / Old Testament & Ancient Near Eastern Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Ancient Near Eastern Studies) Ancient Near Eastern Law Mesopotamian Law Old Babylonian Law Cuneiform Studies Division agreements Redistribution agreements Partition agreements Allotments Inheritance share Inheritance Co-ownership Preference share “First-born” share “Heart is satisfied” “From straw to gold” Cuneiform agreements Old Babylonian contracts Mesopotamian contracts Methodology 340.535 Law, Assyro-Babylonian Law, Ancient -- Sources Contracts -- Iraq Inheritance an succession -- Iraq Cuneiform inscriptions Iraq -- Civilization -- To 634
3	Trade in Mesopotamia from the early dynastic period to the early Achaemenid period with emphasis on the finance of such trade Hay, Francis Anthony Mirko 01 1900 (has links) This dissertation considered trade and trade finance in Mesopotamia over a period of 2000 years commencing with Sumeria and ending with Achaemenid Persia, taking in Ur III and Assyria. A range of financial instruments was selected together with important business transactions, for instance, agricultural finance, specifically the brewing industry and the working capital requirements of merchants and money lenders. The role of women in private enterprise was examined, including their role in retail finance. The great estates of temple and palace had a substantial impact on finance and trade throughout the periods. Their interaction with merchants and money lenders was important to the study. I used reductionism to facilitate analysis of complex products highlighting the essentials of finance namely, borrowing, lending and return. The study concludes that, during the era under consideration, the evolution and enhancement of the financial instruments and products developed in self-generated, incremental and progressive steps. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M.A. (Ancient Near East Studies) Achaemenid Persia Antichretic Assyria Babylon Brewing Bronze Age Economy Finance Lending Loan Merchant Negotiable Mesopotamia Money Money lender Palace Promissory note Rate of interest Temple Trade Trade finance Women in finance 382.0935 Commerce, Prehistoric -- Iraq Economics, Prehistoric -- Iraq Finance -- Iraq Iraq -- Antiquities Iraq -- Civilization -- To 634 Bronze age -- Iraq
4	Family deceased estate division agreements from old Babylonian Larsa, Nippur and Sippar Claassens, Susandra Jacoba 11 1900 (has links) In most cases in a deceased person’s estate, there are problems with co-ownership where more than one family member inherits the deceased family estate assets. To escape the perils of co-ownership the beneficiaries consensually agree to divide the inherited communallyshared asset/s. This agreement can take place immediately after the death of the family estate owner or some time later regarding some or all of the said assets. On the conclusion of the division agreement, the contractual party who receives the awarded assets enjoys sole ownership and the other contractual parties by agreement retract their ownership. In a jurisprudential content analysis of forty-six recorded family deceased division agreements from Old Babylonian Larsa and Nippur, essential elements are identified which are the framework and qualification requirements for a family deceased division agreement. Within this framework the concepts, terms and elements of the agreement are categorised as natural and incidental elements, which reflect the specific law traditions and choices of contractual parties and show the unique scribal traditions in the different Old Babylonian city-states of Larsa, Nippur and Sippar. The aim of the study is to shed a more focused light on the interpretation of recorded Old Babylonian division agreements and to show that the division agreement was a successful, timeless, estate administration mechanism and tool to obviate any undesirable consequences of co-ownership of the bequeathed property. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Ancient Near Eastern Studies) Ancient Near Eastern Law Mesopotamian Law Old Babylonian Law Cuneiform Studies Division agreements Redistribution agreements Partition agreements Allotments Inheritance share Inheritance Co-ownership Preference share “First-born” share “Heart is satisfied” “From straw to gold” Cuneiform agreements Old Babylonian contracts Mesopotamian contracts Methodology 340.535 Law, Assyro-Babylonian Law, Ancient -- Sources Contracts -- Iraq Inheritance an succession -- Iraq Cuneiform inscriptions Iraq -- Civilization -- To 634

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