Texte remanié de : Tesi di laurea : ? : Università degli studi di Trieste : 2003. / Bibliogr. p. 401-404. Index.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Langue et littérature françaises : Poitiers : 2008. / Titre provenant de l'écran titre. Bibliogr. f. 586-603. Notes bibliogr.

Zugl.: Bethel, Kirchliche Hochsch., Diss., 2008

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Universität Hamburg, 1970. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

L’œuvre de Kierkegaard se présente sous une forme poétique, non seulement par les fictions qu’il produit, mais encore par les pseudonymes auxquels il donne la parole et qui confèrent aux textes les plus conceptuels l’apparence fictive d’un discours subjectif. La forme poétique n’est donc pas un jeu arbitraire. Elle répond aux exigences de la pensée de l’existence : une pensée subjective, car l’on n’existe pas dans l’abstraction, où il s’agit de se comprendre soi-même dans l’existence. Une pensée existentielle n’est pas un savoir objectif qui peut être transmis directement : elle nécessite une communication indirecte. Tel est le rôle de la forme poétique. Son emploi est donc essentiellement philosophique, et ne fait pas de Kierkegaard un poète. Du poète, il s’agit, au contraire, de dénoncer l’illusion, en particulier celle du romantique. Confondant la possibilité et la réalité, le poète plane au-dessus de sa propre existence. Il faut alors de l’ironie pour libérer l’individu d’une telle illusion et l’amener au commencement de la vie personnelle, d’une existence éthique. C’est pourquoi la forme poétique est, ici, ironique ; il s’agit de parler la même langue que ceux à qui l’on s’adresse, un langage esthétique, afin de les amener à une pensée véritable d’eux-même : tromper en vue du vrai. Fondée philosophiquement pour utiliser la possibilité, qui est sa forme, en vue de la réalité, qui est son horizon éthique, la poétique kierkegaardienne peut ainsi présenter à l’individu les déterminations dialectiques de l’existence, et l’ouvrir au passage de la possibilité à la réalité : un saut qualitatif, une décision qui n’appartient qu’à lui. Grâce à la forme poétique, la pensée subjective se fait maïeutique ; l’auteur s’efface pour laisser la place à celui dont parle la fiction et à qui elle s’adresse, celui que l’auteur veut éveiller à lui-même : l’individu singulier. / Kierkegaard uses a poetic form in its works, not only by the fictions he composes but also by the pseudonyms he makes speak, who give to the most conceptual texts the fictional appearance of a subjective speech. Thus, the poetic form is not an arbitrary game. It is an answer to the requirements of the thinking of existence, a subjective thinking, for one does not exist in abstraction : be understandable oneself in one’s own existence. An existential thought is not an objective knowledge, which can be given directly : it requires an indirect communication. Such is the role of the poetic form. It is essentially a philosophic employment, and does not make a poet of Kierkegaard. On the contrary, his works tend to denounce the poet’s delusion, especially of the Romantic. The poet confuses possibility with reality, and glide above his own existence. Irony is then needed to free the subject from his delusion, and lead him to the beginning of his personal life, an ethical existence. That’s why the poetic form of Kierkegaard’s works is ironic in itself, for it is to speak the langage of those whom the speech speaks to, an aesthetic langage, in order to lead them to a true thinking of themselves : deceive toward the truth. Philosophically founded to use possibility, which is its form, with the reality in mind, which is its ethical horizon, the kierkegaardian poetic is enabled to present to the individual the dialectical determinations of existence, and show him the passage from possibility to reality : a qualitative leap, as his own decision. Through the poetic, the subjective thinking appears to be maïeutics. The author disappears to hand over the place to the one whom the fiction talks about and whom it speaks to, the one who the author wants to awaken within himself : the Individual.

No description available.

Irony is a widely used device which plays a large role not only in conversation, but also has impacts on our daily thoughts. In literature, the device of irony has been used in the past and it is still being used by writers today so that readers can think deeply on the presented topic and understand the message and the intended concept. Wamitila (2008: 409) finds that irony is among the many devices which facilitate our conversations, mostly with its capability of indirectly revealing our hidden feelings, views and perspectives. According to Mbatiah (2001: 27) irony is a concept used in speech which can cause a painful realization. This article discusses the methodologies and different strategies applied in the use of irony within Kiswahili literature. The main argument within the article is that irony can cause the reader to indirectly recognize a deeper meaning within the text. The basic assertion in this article is to highlight how irony has played a large role within Kiswahili literature before independence, after independence, within the Arusha Declaration, and up until this time of globalization. / Kejeli ni mbinu pana, ambayo huchukua nafasi kubwa na kutoa mchango wake si katika mazungumzo tu bali pia katika utoaji wa awazo yetu ya kila siku. Katika fasihi, mbinu ya kejeli imetumiwa na inaendelea kutumiwa na waandishi ili kuiwezesha hadhira/wasomaji wafikirie kwa undani suala linaloongelewa ili waweze kupata ujumbe uliokusudiwa kufikishwa kwao. Wamitila (2008: 409) anasema kuwa, kejeli ni mojawapo ya mbinu zinazotawala maongezi yetu hasa kutokana na uwezo wake wa kuficha hisia, maoni na mitazamo yetu sahihi. Kwa maoni ya Mbatiah (2001: 27), kejeli ni maneno yanayotumiwa katika matamshi kama hayo huwa ni ya kuchoma, kukata na kutia uchungu. Makala haya yanajadili kwa kina njia na mbinu mbalimbali zilizotumika katika kutumia kejeli katika fasihi ya Kiswahili. Mbinu inayoongoza makala ni ile inayoitambua kejeli katika hali ambapo kuna kinyume na Fulani katika usemi, hali au tukio. Suala la msingi katika makala haya ni kuonyesha jinsi mbinu ya kejeli ilivyooneshwa katika Kiswahili kuanzia kabla ya uhuru, baada ya uhuru, azimio la Arusha hadi wakati huu wa utandawazi kumeisaidia kwa kiasi gani jamii ya Kitanzania.

No description available.

Title: “All roads here always lead to irony”. Verbal irony as a mean of presenting dandyismin the novels ‘Faserland’, by Christian Kracht and ‘Att komma hem ska vara en schlager’, byPer Hagman. A contrastive analysis. Author: Hanna JulinSupervisor: Bärbel WestphalExaminator: Corina Löwe Summary: The aim of this study is to investigate how verbal irony is used in fiction to indicatedandyism in pop-modern literature. It is a contrastive study based on Christian Kracht’s novelFaserland (1995), which is considered to be a romana à clef in the German popliterature. Attkomma hem ska vara en schlager (2004), by Per Hagman is a Swedish novel comparative tothe German „pop-novel“. The analysis has shown that the verbal irony primarily has threefunctions: social criticism, distancing and self-criticism. These elements correspond withdistinctive features which are typical of the dandy. Irony itself, according to Barbey (1987),Schickedanz (2000) and Rauen (2010) among others, is a distinctive feature of the classicaldandy figure, as well as of the pop-modern one. However, further research consisting of bothsynchronic, diachronic and contrastive analysis is relevant, as the dandy, according to Hörner(2008) and Tietenberg (2012) among others, always renews himself – so that his image alwaysappears elegant, modern, original and rebellious in his contemporary society.

A Web Of Eyes: Irony and romanticism in the works of Jorge Luis Borges and Julio Cortázar (Mgr. Vít Kazmar) Abstract The present doctoral thesis offers an interpretation of the works of Borges and Cortázar through the lens of romantic irony. It outlines the origin of the notion of irony from greek drama through philosophical dialogue to rhetorics. The main focus of the work is Schlegel's concept of romantic irony. Various aspects serve as a basis for the interpretation of the work of both Argentine writers in particular chapters: the struggle between enthusiasmus and scepsis in Borges (litotes) and Cortázar (novelistic dialogue), motive of the double, reflexivity in literature written in the spanish language from Cervantes to Borges, focusing on Borges' sources of inspiration (Carlyle, Fernández, Unamuno); Cortázars reflexive short stories, heteronyms of both authors (Morelli, Ménard); and finally the tendency to see the world from above, to constant transcendence of perspective in Borges' short stories and poems and in Cortázar's novel 62: A model kit, as well as in his poetics based on the works of John Keats.