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The purpose of this thesis has been to investigate the effect of introducing the qualitystandard ISO 9001:2000 at Metso Paper Service in Sundsvall. The investigation has been focused on implementation of the new method of work, Continuous improvements. The implementation has been studied in a case study with both a qualitative and quantitative method. Continuous Improvements is a way of working focused on continuously increasing the efficiency and having the purpose of achieving the formulated goals. This is often accomplished by the organisation carrying out the changing process to a great extent in small but efficient teams. The effects of Metso’s introduction of the system are many. Above all the possibility of influence on the changing process has increased. This study also shows significant increase of the motivation and engagement of the employees as well as the number of ideas of improvements. This documentation ends with recommendations for further improvements of the system.

This thesis aims to develop a stakeholder analysis method for the upcoming standard on social  responsibility  (SR)  ISO  26000. The  goal  is  a method  that,  by  adhering  to  three criteria regarding comprehensibility, flexibility and ease of use, can be used and applied by organizations regardless of type (corporation, NGO, municipality etc.) and value chain size. The method consists of  six different  steps which, when completed, will produce a situation map of the organization’s key SR issues and stakeholders for those issues.   The  method  is  practically  applied  and  perfected  through  two  case  studies  on  the respective Swedish  branches  of  the Nordic  corporations  ICA  (grocery  store  chain)  and Eniro  (online and printed  information  services. Although  sharing  similar characteristics in organization size, there are big differences in value chain size and services provided.  The study contributes to providing practical experience with stakeholder analysis for ISO 26000 and as a point of departure  for  further  studies on how  to  identify key  issues and stakeholders;  the  generalizability  of  the  results  suggests  applicability  not  just  for  ISO 26000 but for other preconditions as well.  The results of  the case studies suggest  that  the model developed fulfils  the  three criteria set up for  it,  thus having great practical value for all kinds of organizations  that want  to work with ISO 26000. It is suggested that the model could be improved by applying it on organizations dissimilar to the ones used in the case studies in this thesis, and fine tuning it to those organization’s specific resources and needs.

Standarder för ledningssystem är ett hjälpmedel för företag och myndigheter att bedriva arbete i en viss fråga. Spridningen och etableringen av ledningssystemstandarder är beroende av flera faktorer. I och med lanseringen av det nya ledningssystemet för trafiksäkerhet, ISO 39001, vill Trafikverket förstå vilka framgångsfaktorer som finns för ett väletablerat ledningssystem. Detta görs genom att utvärdera ett ledningssystem som har kommit att få god global spridning och etablering, miljöledningssystemet ISO 14001. Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda vilka framgångsfaktorerna är för etableringen och spridningen av miljöledningssystemet, ISO 14001, för att sedan se om dessa går att applicera på trafiksäkerhetsledningssystemet, ISO 39001. För att besvara detta genomfördes en litteraturstudie som kompletterades med en empirisk undersökning. Den empiriska undersökningen utgjordes av semistrukturerade intervjuer som genomfördes med fyra aktörer med god kännedom om den nya trafiksäkerhetsstandarden. Uppsatsen visade att de framgångsfaktorerna som kan relateras starkast till ISO 14001 är dess koppling till ISO 9001, den rådande tidsandan samt fördelar som ökade marknadsandelar genom god publicitet vid certifiering. De krav som ställdes på underleverantörer från redan certifierade företag är också en betydande faktor. Även om trafiksäkerhet fått större utrymme på världsagendan under senare år var inte trafiksäkerhetsengagemanget lika stort vid lanseringen av ISO 39001 som miljöengagemanget var vid lanseringen av ISO 14001. Spridningen av ISO 39001 beror även på regeringsstöd, med förhoppning om att den införs i lagstiftningen då nollvisionen är ett riksdagsbeslut. Den offentliga sektorn tog initiativ till arbetet med ISO 39001 och efterfrågan kan bidra till att ISO 39001 når stora framgångar inom den offentliga sektorn. ISO 39001 har föregåtts av en nollvision och en nationell branschspecifik säkerhetsstandard som har banat vägen för standarden inom vissa sektorer. De verksamheter som inför ISO 39001 kommer troligtvis göra detta för att uppfylla marknadskrav och myndighetskrav. En viktig framgångsfaktor för ISO 39001 är att den ger förutsättningar för företag att ställa krav på sina underleverantörer, något som bekräftades vid intervjuerna.

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Companies must constantly adapt to new concepts emerging in society. Socialresponsibility and sustainable development are modern concepts of today and offer avariety of activities to choose from. Therefore companies ask themselves: what areour goals and how do we reach them?The purpose of this study is to examine the possibility of creating a simplifiedmodel,targeted towards management for prioritization and decisions on variousinvestmentspromoting the environment. The research focuses on companies from themanufacturing industries. To gain better understanding of how companies’ work onthese issues interviews was held with Environmental- and CSR-managers. CEO wasinterviewed to learn how decisions of investments related to environmental- andsustainability issues were made. ISO 26000, a standard for social responsibility, and “Creating Sustainable Value”, amodel describing how working with sustainability can increase the value of thecompany, was used as a theoretical base. The study concluded that this model couldact as a tool for companies looking to take a holistic approach in their sustainabilityeffort. Two organizational structures within CSR were investigated and the resultshows that they either integrated the issue into the entire organization or chose toplace it into one single group. Both types work well as long as it is clear whichstructure the companies have chosen and the purpose of it. To motivate companies to work more actively with sustainability issues newlegislation will have the greatest effect. Also the concept of investments promotingthe environment needs to be clearer and better defined so that it easier can beincluded in the economic calculations.

ISO 26262 is a functional safety standard under development at the time of this thesis. It is an adaptation of the functional safety standard IEC 61508, aimed at development of automotive electrical/electronic systems. The version of ISO-26262 that was used and discussed in this thesis is the final draft released in January 2011. In this thesis, a subset of ISO-26262 is applied in the development of a safety critical driver assistance system for a Scania vehicle. The parts of ISO-26262 that are treated are Part 3: Concept phase, Part 4: Product development at the system level and Part 5: Product development at the hardware level. Throughout the thesis we evaluate ISO-26262 and report our experience of working with it. The driver assistance system under development, which ISO-26262 is applied to, is Collision Avoidance by Steering, a system that aims to avoid or mitigate rear-end collisions with vehicles in front by automatic steering of the vehicle.

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