Stochastic differential inclusions can be considered as a generalisation of stochastic differential equations. In particular a multivalued mapping describes the set of equations, in which a solution has to be found. This paper presents an existence result for a special parabolic stochastic inclusion. The proof is based on the method of upper and lower solutions. In the deterministic case this method was effectively introduced by S. Carl.

The diploma thesis describes portfolio management with proportional transaction costs. The main aim is to describe using of shadow prices to find the optimal Markov policies keeping the proportion of the investor's wealth invested in the risky asset within the corresponding interval in order to maximize the long run geometric growth rate. On the real market, the investor must pay transaction costs when he buys/sells shares. In the diploma thesis we transform these prices into the shadow price; when trading in the shadow price there are no transaction costs. The solution itself is based on Itô formula and the martingal theory. The prices of shares are modeled as geometric Brownian motion. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This paper offers an existence result for finite dimensional stochastic differential inclusions with maximal monotone drift and diffusion terms. Kravets studied only set-valued drifts in [5], whereas Motyl [4] additionally observed set-valued diffusions in an infinite dimensional context. In the proof we make use of the Yosida approximation of maximal monotone operators to achieve stochastic differential equations which are solvable by a theorem of Krylov and Rozovskij [7]. The selection property is verified with certain properties of the considered set-valued maps. Concerning Lipschitz continuous set-valued diffusion terms, uniqueness holds. At last two examples for application are given.

This paper offers an existence result for finite dimensional stochastic differential inclusions with maximal monotone drift and diffusion terms. Kravets studied only set-valued drifts in [5], whereas Motyl [4] additionally observed set-valued diffusions in an infinite dimensional context. In the proof we make use of the Yosida approximation of maximal monotone operators to achieve stochastic differential equations which are solvable by a theorem of Krylov and Rozovskij [7]. The selection property is verified with certain properties of the considered set-valued maps. Concerning Lipschitz continuous set-valued diffusion terms, uniqueness holds. At last two examples for application are given.

Stochastic differential inclusions can be considered as a generalisation of stochastic differential equations. In particular a multivalued mapping describes the set of equations, in which a solution has to be found. This paper presents an existence result for a special parabolic stochastic inclusion. The proof is based on the method of upper and lower solutions. In the deterministic case this method was effectively introduced by S. Carl.

Ce travail étudie des modèles financiers pour les prix d'options, les taux d'intérêts et le risque de crédit, avec des processus stochastiques à mémoire et comportant des discontinuités. Ces modèles sont formulés en termes du mouvement Brownien fractionnaire, du processus de Lévy fractionnaire ou filtré (et doublement stochastique) et de leurs approximations par des semimartingales. Leur calcul stochastique est traité au sens de Malliavin, et des formules d'Itô sont déduites. Nous caractérisons les probabilités risque neutre en termes de ces processus pour des modèles d'évaluation d'options de type de Black-Scholes avec sauts. Nous étudions également des modèles de taux d'intérêts, en particulier les modèles de Vasicek, de Cox-Ingersoll-Ross et de Heath-Jarrow-Morton. Finalement nous étudions la modélisation du risque de crédit / This work investigates financial models for option pricing, interest rates and credit risk with stochastic processes that have memory and discontinuities. These models are formulated in terms of the fractional Brownian motion, the fractional or filtered Lévy process (also doubly stochastic) and their approximations by semimartingales. Their stochastic calculus is treated in the sense of Malliavin and Itô formulas are derived. We characterize the risk-neutral probability measures in terms of these processes for options pricing models of Black-Scholes type with jumps. We also study models of interest rates, in particular the models of Vasicek, Cox-Ingersoll-Ross and Heath-Jarrow-Morton. Finally we study credit risk models