This thesis examines Andrea Mantegna's painting of Judith and Holofernes in the context of attitudes towards women, material culture, and the Middle East during the Italian Renaissance.

Apresenta-se neste trabalho a tradução anotada de ambas as redações, latina e toscana, do primeiro livro do Da Pintura de Leon Battista Alberti. Nesse livro, Alberti apresenta os rudimentos geométricos e óticos da pintura, a sua definição de pintura e a primeira sistematização escrita da construção em perspectiva. O Da Pintura também é foco de um comentário em três capítulos, em que se discute: 1°) as questões de estabelecimento do texto, bilinguismo e cronologia ; 2°) o gênero do discurso e suas fontes ; 3°) os aspectos gerais do livro I. / This work presents a translation of both Latin and Tuscan versions of the first book from On Painting, by Leon Battista Alberti. In this book, Alberti presents the geometric and optic rudiments of painting, his definition of painting, and the first written systematization of perspective construction. On Painting is also the focus of a commentary divided in three chapters, in which the following shall be discussed: 1°) the questions pertaining the establishment of the text, its bilingualism and chronology; 2°) the discourse\'s genus and its sources; 3°) the general aspects of book one.

Durante o Renascimento Italiano, em meio a uma situação de guerras e de incertezas, em uma sociedade cortesã permeada de relações aparentes motivadas por interesses políticos e pessoais, surge o Orlando Furioso, uma novela de cavalaria trabalhada durante quase trinta anos por Ludovico Ariosto, literato da corte de Ferrara que dedica seu poema a Ippolito dEste, seu senhor e mecenas. Embora se trate de uma novela de cavalaria. Ariosto deixa nela marcas que nos ajudam a entender um pouco da sociedade em que autor e obra estavam inseridos, por meio, sobretudo, das reflexões do narrador, o qual se coloca como personagem pertencente a uma sociedade historicamente determinada. Essa mistura espácio-temporal acaba concedendo um caráter paródico ao texto ariostesco. Diante disso, nosso estudo tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento contraditório da voz narrativa (que ora se mostra onisciente, ora se compara aos cavaleiros carolíngios errantes) e da principal personagem feminina do Furioso, Angélica, buscando relacionar tal comportamento com o meio social em que se dá a composição da obra e ao qual o próprio narrador demonstra pertencer / During Italian Renaissance, in the midst of a war situation and uncertainties, in a courtesan society permeated with apparent relationships motivated by political and personal interests comes Orlando Furioso, a novel of chivalry worked for nearly thirty years for Ludovico Ariosto, literati at the court of Ferrara, who dedicates his poem to Ippolito dEste, his master and patron. Despite being a novel of chivalry, Ariosto leaves marks on it that help us understand a little of the society in which author and work were inserted through mainly reflections of the narrator which arises as historically determined character; this spatiotemporal mixture just granted a parodic character to the text of Ariosto. Before that, our study aims to analyze the ambiguous behavior of narrative voice (that either shows itself omniscient, or compares itself to Carolingian knights errant) and the main female character of the Furioso, Angelica, seeking to relate such behavior to the social environment in which it gives the composition of the work to which the narrator demonstrates belong

Joseph ben Samuel Tsarfati, one of the great Jewish poets and scholars of the Italian Renaissance, first translated the Spanish work Celestina (1499) by Fernando de Rojas into Hebrew in 1507. At present, only Tsarfati’s introductory poem to his translation remains. This study seeks to answer the questions: What may have been Tsarfati’s motivation to translate Celestina into Hebrew so soon after its Spanish composition? How might a Jewish audience in Rojas’s day have understood his work? In response to these questions, this study will primarily concern itself with the similarities between Rojas’s and Tsarfati’s historical situations and the literary interests that they expressed in their works, interests that could have drawn Tsarfati to translate Rojas’s work. Close readings of sections of Celestina, as well as an overview of Tsarfati’s two hundred and thirty-poem corpus and close readings of several of these poems, make up the most important part of this study’s analysis. Through this analysis, I argue that both Rojas and Tsarfati stood as transitional figures during a period of literary change, which allowed them to explore and exhibit similar themes and interests in their works. Their works thus served as a type of “go-between,” moving their audiences from the attitudes and behaviors of one era into those of a new era. Additionally, and more importantly, both men found themselves at the nexus, or point of contact, between two cultures. Rojas – as a converso serving as a lawyer and leader of a Christian community – and Tsarfati – serving as a Jewish physician to the pope – were both in a position to feel the heavy pressures of the dominant culture and to communicate with their Jewish culture in ways that subverted that pressure and power. Both Rojas and Tsarfati were fascinated with the power of language to conceal and reveal meaning and to exert influence. As men of their time, both saw romantic love as having true, intrinsic value, but at the same time used it as a metaphor for the false hope offered by the dominant culture. / text

The art historian Charles Callahan Perkins (1823–1886) taught Boston elites to embrace early Italian Renaissance art, and, in so doing, transformed the cultural landscape of his city. Mostly Unitarian in their religious beliefs, the local elites had previously spurned Italian paintings and sculpture of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries for their Roman Catholicism. However, when the new Museum of Fine Arts opened on July 4, 1876, the institution displayed close to one hundred art objects of the period, mostly copies. Perkins, who had returned recently from twenty-five years in Europe as an acclaimed scholar and illustrator of early Italian Renaissance sculpture and an expert in fine arts museums, was responsible for this result. Perkins focused on art whose “visual rhetoric” reflected the early Italian Renaissance humanist belief in clarity of line and subject as the most pleasing and edifying in art. These Renaissance principles emerged in his view from classical rhetoric, that is strategies for persuasive spoken and written communication, which had long been the core curriculum of Harvard University where Boston elites studied. Perkins also capitalized on the city’s taste for classical sculpture by privileging quattrocento sculpture, which, while more devotional in subject than had traditionally been displayed, did feature a naturalism that evoked ancient art. Chapter one presents four biographical case studies of individuals who were important players in shaping the fertile cultural ground upon which Perkins built a generation later. Chapter two forges the link between classical rhetoric and the fine arts in ante-bellum Boston. Chapter three examines the broad-based revival of early Italian Renaissance art that Perkins encountered in mid-century Europe. Chapter four assesses his own professional oeuvre within that context. The concluding chapter demonstrates how Perkins revamped ideas of what constituted fine art and how it could be viewed by positioning early Renaissance art at the new Museum as a powerful visually rhetorical tool, thus achieving a far more wide-reaching cultural change than previous scholarship has suggested.

Cases of Italian embedded self-portraiture appear in the sacred art of some of the most renowned artists of the Cinquecento and early Seicento, artists such as Bronzino, Michelangelo, Titian, Tintoretto, and Caravaggio. This thesis first examines the history of the practice from its origins in Quattrocento Florence and Venice then argues that an important development in the function and presentation of embedded self-portraits can be observed as Cinquecento artists experienced broad shifts in religious and cultural life as a result of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation. It also assesses three works by Caravaggio to suggest that embedding self-portraits in religious art was a variable and meaningful convention that allowed artists to inject both their personal and public emotions. This thesis argues that in the Cinquecento and early Seicento, the very gesture of embedding a self-portrait in sacred artworks provided a window into an artist's individuality, personality, and piety.

Apresenta-se neste trabalho a tradução anotada de ambas as redações, latina e toscana, do primeiro livro do Da Pintura de Leon Battista Alberti. Nesse livro, Alberti apresenta os rudimentos geométricos e óticos da pintura, a sua definição de pintura e a primeira sistematização escrita da construção em perspectiva. O Da Pintura também é foco de um comentário em três capítulos, em que se discute: 1°) as questões de estabelecimento do texto, bilinguismo e cronologia ; 2°) o gênero do discurso e suas fontes ; 3°) os aspectos gerais do livro I. / This work presents a translation of both Latin and Tuscan versions of the first book from On Painting, by Leon Battista Alberti. In this book, Alberti presents the geometric and optic rudiments of painting, his definition of painting, and the first written systematization of perspective construction. On Painting is also the focus of a commentary divided in three chapters, in which the following shall be discussed: 1°) the questions pertaining the establishment of the text, its bilingualism and chronology; 2°) the discourse\'s genus and its sources; 3°) the general aspects of book one.

Durante o Renascimento Italiano, em meio a uma situação de guerras e de incertezas, em uma sociedade cortesã permeada de relações aparentes motivadas por interesses políticos e pessoais, surge o Orlando Furioso, uma novela de cavalaria trabalhada durante quase trinta anos por Ludovico Ariosto, literato da corte de Ferrara que dedica seu poema a Ippolito dEste, seu senhor e mecenas. Embora se trate de uma novela de cavalaria. Ariosto deixa nela marcas que nos ajudam a entender um pouco da sociedade em que autor e obra estavam inseridos, por meio, sobretudo, das reflexões do narrador, o qual se coloca como personagem pertencente a uma sociedade historicamente determinada. Essa mistura espácio-temporal acaba concedendo um caráter paródico ao texto ariostesco. Diante disso, nosso estudo tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento contraditório da voz narrativa (que ora se mostra onisciente, ora se compara aos cavaleiros carolíngios errantes) e da principal personagem feminina do Furioso, Angélica, buscando relacionar tal comportamento com o meio social em que se dá a composição da obra e ao qual o próprio narrador demonstra pertencer / During Italian Renaissance, in the midst of a war situation and uncertainties, in a courtesan society permeated with apparent relationships motivated by political and personal interests comes Orlando Furioso, a novel of chivalry worked for nearly thirty years for Ludovico Ariosto, literati at the court of Ferrara, who dedicates his poem to Ippolito dEste, his master and patron. Despite being a novel of chivalry, Ariosto leaves marks on it that help us understand a little of the society in which author and work were inserted through mainly reflections of the narrator which arises as historically determined character; this spatiotemporal mixture just granted a parodic character to the text of Ariosto. Before that, our study aims to analyze the ambiguous behavior of narrative voice (that either shows itself omniscient, or compares itself to Carolingian knights errant) and the main female character of the Furioso, Angelica, seeking to relate such behavior to the social environment in which it gives the composition of the work to which the narrator demonstrates belong

[pt] A obra do pintor renascentista italiano Antonio Allegri, conhecido como Correggio, é o objeto de estudo desta dissertação de mestrado. A pesquisa tem como proposta demonstrar o ambiente artístico em que Correggio viveu e suas principais influências. Ao lado de Leonardo da Vinci, Rafael e Michelangelo deveria aparecer Correggio, cuja poética pictórica instigou e ajudou, tanto quanto os artistas citados, a erguer os movimentos artísticos subsequentes como o barroco, o rococó e o romantismo. Cabe destacar a importante recepção da obra de Correggio no século XIX com autores como Stendhal e Schelling. / [en] The work of the Italian Renaissance painter Antonio Allegri, known as Correggio, objects of study in this dissertation. is the study object of this dissertation. The research has the purpose to demonstrate the artistic environment in which Correggio lived and his main influences. Next to Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Michelangelo should appear Correggio, whose poetic pictorial instigated and helped as much as the artists mentioned, to promote the subsequent artistic movements such as Baroque, Rococó and Romanticism. It is worth noting the important reception of Correggio s work in the nineteenth century with authors such as Stendhal and Schelling.

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