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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1967. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 349-352).

Joseph ben Samuel Tsarfati, one of the great Jewish poets and scholars of the Italian Renaissance, first translated the Spanish work Celestina (1499) by Fernando de Rojas into Hebrew in 1507. At present, only Tsarfati’s introductory poem to his translation remains. This study seeks to answer the questions: What may have been Tsarfati’s motivation to translate Celestina into Hebrew so soon after its Spanish composition? How might a Jewish audience in Rojas’s day have understood his work? In response to these questions, this study will primarily concern itself with the similarities between Rojas’s and Tsarfati’s historical situations and the literary interests that they expressed in their works, interests that could have drawn Tsarfati to translate Rojas’s work. Close readings of sections of Celestina, as well as an overview of Tsarfati’s two hundred and thirty-poem corpus and close readings of several of these poems, make up the most important part of this study’s analysis. Through this analysis, I argue that both Rojas and Tsarfati stood as transitional figures during a period of literary change, which allowed them to explore and exhibit similar themes and interests in their works. Their works thus served as a type of “go-between,” moving their audiences from the attitudes and behaviors of one era into those of a new era. Additionally, and more importantly, both men found themselves at the nexus, or point of contact, between two cultures. Rojas – as a converso serving as a lawyer and leader of a Christian community – and Tsarfati – serving as a Jewish physician to the pope – were both in a position to feel the heavy pressures of the dominant culture and to communicate with their Jewish culture in ways that subverted that pressure and power. Both Rojas and Tsarfati were fascinated with the power of language to conceal and reveal meaning and to exert influence. As men of their time, both saw romantic love as having true, intrinsic value, but at the same time used it as a metaphor for the false hope offered by the dominant culture. / text

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo hacer una relectura de La Celestina, escrita por Fernando de Rojas, publicada en el 1499, manteniéndose hasta hoy uno de los grandes clásicos de la literatura española y fuente inagotable de investigaciones. Teniendo en cuenta las tradiciones judias como uno de los subtextos presentes en la obra, nuestro estudio va a poner de relieve elementos que presentan esta posible relación, además de contribuir con algunas reflexiones sobre el criptojudaismo aplicado a la literatura, a través de Umberto Eco (1997), en Interpretación y sobreinterpretación; Benedito Nunes (2007), en Hermenéutica y poesia, el pensamiento poético, además de Antoine Compagnon (2009) en ¿Literatura para qué? De primero se hizo una investigación cualitativa de los aspectos históricos y culturales inherentes a los judíos. En ese sentido fueron utilizados como fuentes los trabajos de Henry Kamen (1966, 2004), Nicholas Lange (2007), Ricardo Forster (2006), Toby Green (2011) y los estudios celestinescos desarrollados por Dorothy S Severin (2000) y Lluís Francesc Cardona Castro (1994). Los conocimientos acerca de la Cábala, del tarot, de los mitos y de la mística judía fueron obtenidos por medio de Carlos Campani (2011), Gershon Scholem (1978), Irene Gad (1994), Sallie Nichols (1995) y Samuel Gabirol (1988). Solo a partir de esos estudios se dio un espacio seguro para empezar una interpretación hermenéutica, con el objetivo de sacar de La Celestina su probable carácter criptojudaico. / Esta pesquisa pretende fazer uma releitura da peça La Celestina, escrita por Fernando de Rojas, publicada em 1499, mantendo-se até nossos dias como um dos grandes clássicos da literatura espanhola e fonte inesgotável de diferentes pesquisas. Ao considerarmos as tradições judaicas um dos subtextos presentes nessa obra, nosso estudo pretende destacar elementos que demonstrem essa possível relação, além de contribuir com algumas reflexões sobre o criptojudaísmo aplicado à literatura, através de Umberto Eco (1997), em Interpretação e Superinterpretação; Benedito Nunes, em Hermenêutica e poesia, o pensamento poético e Antoine Compagnon (2009), em Literatura para quê? De início, fez-se necessária uma pesquisa qualitativa buscando uma aproximação com os aspectos históricos e culturais do povo judeu. Nessa pesquisa prévia, utilizamos como referencial teórico Henry Kamen (1966, 2004), Nicholas de Lange (2007), Ricardo Forster (2006), Toby Green (2011), além dos estudos celestinescos de Dorothy S Severin (2000) e de Francesc Lluís Cardona Castro (1994). Os embasamentos sobre a Cabala, o tarô, os mitos e a mística judaica foram estudados a partir de Carlos Campani (2011), Gershon Scholem (1978), Irene Gad (1994), Sallie Nichols (1995) e Samuel Gabirol (1988). Somente a partir daí, com uma leitura hermenêutica, houve um ambiente propício frente à busca por elementos que atribuíssem a La Celestina um caráter criptojudaico.

This study explores the intersection of the philosophy of Martin Heidegger and Spanish literature. The study examines the Heideggerian authenticity and inauthenticity of two characters in the literature: Melibea in La Celestina by Fernando de Rojas and Grisóstomo in Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes. Heidegger’s concept of authenticity is the ability of the individual to live in the world according to her own desires, outside of the influence of others. Both die by suicide, but Melibea is an authentic character in Heideggerian terms and Grisóstomo is inauthentic. At the end of her life, Melibea has resolved all anxiety into resoluteness and is determined to live life in her own terms. Grisóstomo, however, dies inauthentically, full of anxiety and subject to the will of Others. He never leaves the influence of others to live a life of his own determination.