Thesis (MPhil)–Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A suitable South African literary text is translated from English to Afrikaans to investigate the possibility of enriching the target culture, although literary translations from English have a limited readership in Afrikaans. The choice of Portrait with Keys by Ivan Vladislavić as source text is motivated in a discussion of its relevance to the target culture, and of its intrinsic literary merit. Enrichment of the target culture is defined within the context of the hermeneutic approach in translation studies. The interpretation of the source text and the role of the translator is emphasised, as seen in Steiner’s account of the hermeneutic motion and Venuti’s views on the visibility of the translator and cultural filtering. Lewis’s concept of abusive fidelity is considered, and ultimately Bandia’s proposed aim of achieving balance, or a middle course between foreignising and domesticating offers an attainable strategy. The annotation of the practical translation of a selection of texts from Portrait with Keys shows that a strategy of foreignisation, of rendering the characteristics of the source texts as closely as possible in the target text, is continually balanced by the translator with a strategy of domestication, in other words creating an idiomatic, accessible target text. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ’n Geskikte Suid-Afrikaanse literêre teks word uit Engels in Afrikaans vertaal om die moontlikheid te ondersoek dat die doeltaal daardeur verryk kan word, hoewel literêre vertalings uit Engels ’n beperkte leserstal het. Die keuse van Portrait with Keys deur Ivan Vladislavić word gemotiveer deur ’n bespreking van die toepaslikheid daarvan binne die doelkultuur, en die intrinsieke literêre meriete van die teks. Die verryking van die doelkultuur word binne die konteks van die hermeneutiese benadering in vertaalstudies bespreek. Die interpretasie van die bronteks en die rol van die vertaler word voorop gestel, soos blyk uit Steiner se uiteensetting van die hermeneutiese handeling en Venuti se beskouings oor die sigbaarheid van die vertaler en kulturele filtering. Lewis se konsep van weerstandige getrouheid, abusive fidelity, word oorweeg en uiteindelik bied Bandia se klem op die bereiking van balans, of ’n middeweg tussen veruitheemsing, of foreignisation, en verinheemsing, of domestication, ’n uitvoerbare strategie. Die annotasie van die praktiese vertaling van ’n seleksie van tekste uit Portrait with Keys toon dat ’n strategie van veruitheemsing, deur die kenmerke van die bronteks so getrou moontlik in die doelteks weer te gee, deurgaans deur die vertaler opgeweeg word teen ’n strategie van verinheemsing, dit wil sê die daarstelling van ’n idiomatiese, toeganklike doelteks.

This phenomenological study presents a map of spatial forces in Ivan Doig’s The Sea Runners. The investigation calls attention to forms of space-experience that come across as a sense of embeddedness in environment. Events, places, feelings, and moods materialize as being nested within greater events and places that are likewise nested in even larger ones. The study shows that experience, place, memory, hope, and narrative have nested structures. The embedding of narrated realities within larger realities is identified as a mode of organization central to the text’s complexity. Even the smallest acts, events, moods, and feelings are set within larger ones with greater scope, reach, or extension. The literary force of The Sea Runners is made possible by a sustained presentation of complexly interlocking orders of embedding. These orders are co-ordinated and synchronized in terms of movement. The study shows how kinetic systems of circulation, vanishing, encircling, and transformation overlap and reinforce each other so as to create a comprehensive co-ordination effect that colours the presentation of landscape and travel. Movement is highlighted in the essay as a factor that makes it possible for these kinetic structures to be fused in various patterns of co-ordination. In The Sea Runners, place and motion complexly combine to shape the narrated flow of lived experience. In its various orders of fluctuation, space-experience flows in intimate association with life-feeling and movement-sensation. Certain basic kinetic categories are delineated as being at the heart of the text’s overall structure. The study brings its findings to a conclusion by discussing these kinetic categories of lived space as running parallel to categories of lived temporality.

Stunned by the implications of Colage's analysis of the cultural activation of the brain's Visual Word Form Area and the potential role of cultural neural reuse in the evolution of biology and culture, the authors build on his work in proposing a context for the first rudimentary hominin moral systems. They cross-reference six domains: neuroscience on sleep, creativity, plasticity, and the Left Hemisphere Interpreter; palaeobiology; cognitive science; philosophy; traditional archaeology; and cognitive archaeology's theories on sleep changes in Homo erectus and consequences for later humans. The authors hypothesize that the human genome, when analyzed with findings from neuroscience and cognitive science, will confirm the evolutionary timing of an internal running monologue and other neural components that constitute moral decision making. The authors rely on practical modern philosophers to identify continuities with earlier primates, and one major discontinuitysome bright white moral line that may have been crossed more than once during the long and successful tenure of Homo erectus on Earth.

ENGLISH SUMMARY In my diploma thesis called The Dramatization of Ivan Olbracht's novel The Bandit Nikolai Shuhai I have concentrated primarily on the adaptation most appreciated by readers as well as, in my opinion, the adaptation of the best quality. In chapter one I focused on Olbracht's novel, precisely on the theme genesis in The Bandit Nikolai Shuhai, which was based on a real-life event. The public responses on the book, which was awarded the state prize for a literary work of art in 1933, are reflected as well. We also deal with blending of the myth with reality, the language and stylistic processing of the novel, and with the main protagonists. Personally, I consider Olbracht's The Bandit Nikolai Shuhai one of the greatest pieces within the Czech literature of 20th century. There are two reasons for which the theme of the novel became a good-quality and favourite basis for further processing: it tells an engaging story of a real-life figure and it is situated in a place which impresses us, Europeans, with enchanting exoticism of its landscape and culture. Chapter two deals with the work of Petr Ulrych which was inspired by Olbracht's novel. Ulrych's first product based on this literary work was a monothematic LP The Bandit Nikolai Shuhai (released in 1974). A year later those thirteen songs were...

This diploma thesis is about the media representation of Ivan Martin Jirous - a famous poet, essayist, art critic and the theorist of the czech underground. Ivan Martin Jirous, nicknamed Magor, is especially famous for the fact that he closely worked with the rock band The Plastic People of the Universe, which was at the time of normalization in opposition to communist political party, and therefore its members were persecuted and imprisoned. On the other hand after the year 1989 he became important dissident and the poet. His life changes affect into his media image, which is the subject of this diploma thesis. The main aim of this thesis is to point the life of Ivan Martin Jirous on a personal, journalistic and artistic level based on the study the professional sources and literature. But also obtain a comprehensive historical and media analysis of media texts about Ivan Martin Jirous. The thesis is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter, which follows after the introduction, has descriptive character, and focuses on the person of Ivan Martin Jirous. It offers a brief overview of his life, his family, studies and jobs. The second one describes his publications and his other cultural activities. The third chapter includes a chronological list of media texts about Ivan Martin Jirous...

My diploma thesis is dedicated to the problem of creating a cult of personality around ice hockey coach Ivan Hlinka. It is focused on two key periods: The first is the victory of the Czech ice hockey team at the Olympic Winter Games in Nagano in February 1998 , the second is the period after Hlinka's tragic death in August 2004. The aim of the thesis is to analyze how much media influence the creation of a cult of personality by reporting about these two events. Objects of interest of my thesis are the process that puts a coach almost into the role of national hero . The second aspect of the work is the tabloidization of the topic such as a tragic accident and subsequent Hlinka's death. The thesis defines a cult of personality generaly and also from a historical perspective and adds the most famous reprsentative of cult of personality - Soviet dictator Josif Vissarionovich Stalin. In addition, it is dedicated to the cult of personality of athletes in general. This thesis not only presents Ivan Hlinka from a hockey standpoint, but mentions also his personality through a conversation with his longtime friend Josef Beránek sr. The final analysis is devoted to the representation of Ivan Hlinka in two specific print media during the two selected periods.

The master thesis discusses the novel Spas by Ivan Matoušek published in 2001. The description of the structure and narrative time of the novel is followed by a characterization of the ironic self-conscious narrator and his relationship to the fictional world and the main character. The interpretation is partly inspired by a theoretical paper on irony by Vladimir Jankélévitch, which is compared with Paul de Man's concept of irony. The thesis also refers to Linda Hutcheon's theory of self- reflexivity and metafiction and employs the concept of mise en abyme.

Der Name des populären Chirurgen Professor Julius Hackethal (1921-1997) weckt bis heute Assoziationen mit den Schlagwörtern Medizinkritik, Sterbehilfe und alternative Krebsbehandlungen. In einem stetig größer werdenden Forschungsstand zur Geschichte der Alternativmedizin und deutschen Nachkriegsmedizin beschäftigt sich vorliegende Dissertation mit Julius Hackethals Medizinkritik im Allgemeinen und Krebs im Speziellen, seinem therapeutischen Gegenvorschlag EUBIOS, der Sterbehilfedebatte sowie der Darstellung seiner Medizinkritik und der entsprechenden Resonanz in deutschen Medien. Die vermeintlichen „Kardinalfehler“ der Schulmedizin bei Krebs werden dabei exemplarisch am Beispiel Prostatakarzinom erläutert. Welche gesellschaftlichen und schulmedizinischen Rahmenbedingungen vorlagen und die Medizinkritik anfachten, was die Gründe für Julius Hackethals Abkehr von der Schulmedizin waren und inwiefern sich seine Medizinkritik von anderen Kritikern der damaligen schulmedizinischen Verhältnisse unterschied, waren wichtige Fragestellungen der Arbeit. Zudem wird unter Miteinbeziehung von Zeitzeugenberichten beantwortet, warum er mit seinem EUBIOS-Konzept und vermeintlichen Pauschalbehandlungen gerade bei Krebspatienten regen Zulauf fand. Zuletzt stand das Verhältnis von Julius Hackethal zu den Medien sowie das der Medien zu Julius Hackethal im Fokus. Neben allen Publikationen Hackethals als Hauptquellen und Mikroebene wurde die Recherche um umfangreiche Quellen der Epoche, Forschungsliteratur zum Thema und audiovisuelle Medien als Makroebene erweitert. Hauptschlagwörter waren Medizinkritik und Krise der Krebstherapie, Alternativmedizin sowie das Thema Sterbehilfe. Zudem wurden alle im Zusammenhang mit Julius Hackethal erschienenen Artikel in vorselektionierten Medien, dem Deutschen Ärzteblatt, den Nachrichtenmagazinen Spiegel und Stern sowie den Illustrierten Quick und BUNTE, den Fragestellungen entsprechend, analysiert. Vor einem sich wandelnden Gesundheitspanorama in der zweiten Jahrhunderthälfte mit enttäuschten Hoffnungen an rasche Behandlungserfolge chronischer (Krebs-)Erkrankungen und einem kritischen Hinterfragen von (Arzt-)Autoritäten wurden Forderungen nach einer posthippokratischen Medizin und Ethik laut. Schlagwörter wie Fünfminutenmedizin, Apparate- und Maschinenmedizin und anonyme Großkliniken machten die Runde. Als Gegenantwort kam es zu einer Renaissance alternativer Behandlungsrichtungen, die von verunsicherten, von der Schulmedizin enttäuschten Patienten aufgegriffen wurden. Julius Hackethal war dabei nicht der einzige oder erste Kritiker der damaligen schulmedizinischen Praxis, allerdings war Kritik von einem bis dahin selbst praktizierenden Schulmediziner und Professor ein Novum. Mit bewusstem Verzicht auf „Medizinbabylonisch“ und Büchern sowie öffentlicher Kritik in teils vulgärer, aggressiver „Volkssprache“ wurden komplexe Sachverhalte der breiten Masse zugänglich gemacht. Bis heute ist sein Neologismus harmloser „Haustierkrebse“ ein Begriff und mit ihm verquickt. Durch derart provozierende Rhetorik, aber auch spektakuläres, medienwirksames Handeln polarisierte Julius Hackethal dabei zeitlebens. Seine Beihilfe zum Suizid Hermine Eckerts im Jahr 1984 ist hierfür Beispiel und wird in der Arbeit dargelegt. Zudem ließ er keine Möglichkeit aus, seine Thesen in Medien jedweder Couleur zu verbreiten, die großen medizinischen Themenfelder für sich zu reklamieren und gleichzeitig für eigene Kliniken und sein Behandlungsprogramm EUBIOS zu werben. Ein einzelner Querdenker habe es geschafft, die viel zu kompliziert denkende Schulmedizin zu entmystifizieren. Die Position des Deutschen Ärzteblatts war zwangsläufig klar abgesteckt: Gegenüber Standeskritikern galt es eine klare Position aufrechtzuerhalten, um die bereits in der Kritik stehende Schulmedizin nicht noch weiter zu gefährden. Entsprechend einseitig und teils unseriös fielen die Artikel aus. Das Nachrichtenmagazin Spiegel begrüßte Hackethals anfängliche Medizinkritik, distanzierte sich dann aber ausdrücklich von ihm und seinen Krebsheilungsvisionen sowie seiner Forderung nach einer Legalisierung des ärztlich assistierten Suizids. Im 21. Jahrhundert ist Medizinkritik weiterhin präsent, gleichzeitig sind alternative Behandlungsverfahren zu einem festen Bestandteil des Behandlungsrepertoires einst streng schulmedizinisch ausgerichteter Ärzte geworden. Julius Hackethal war dabei ein zeitgeschichtliches Phänomen auf einem kurz vor und vor allem nach ihm existenten Kontinuum deutscher Medizinkritik, dem weitere Persönlichkeiten mit neuen Heilsversprechungen oder Ideen zur Umstrukturierung der modernen Schulmedizin rasch nachfolgten und nachfolgen werden. / Even in the 21th century, the name of the popular surgeon Professor Julius Hackethal (1921-1997) is still associated with the slogans euthanasia or medical assisted suicide, criticism on modern medicine and alternative treatments of cancer. Since the current state of research, especially regarding the history of alternative medicine and german postwar medicine is in the rise, the dissertation exemplarily examines Hackthals criticism on practiced medicine at that time in general and his criticism on cancer in particular, his therapeutic counterproposal EUBIOS, the fanned debate on medically assisted suicide and his personal and professional presentation in german media.

Latitudinaria* explores and critiques the ambivalence between current technological progress and the consequently depersonalised social structures and systems. I am using the development from mechanical Automata to mass production juxtaposed to Charlie Chaplin??s film and Jean Tinguelys kinetic art, as examples for the change of the social condition from the industrialisation to the current post-industrial era. The change of social condition I refer to as the ??depersonalisation?? or ??dehumanisation?? effect supported by my working experiences in the health system. The ??medicalisation of the life span?? and the discrepancy of creating a sustainable future less profit orientated are two indicators of how far we have been removed from our bodies. These observations are supported by the writing of Ivan Illich??s Medical Nemesis and Frank Schirrmachers?? analysis of the change of the social structure using the family configuration as an example. These conceptual ideas are visualised by a selection of kinetic art works and video installations. In the heart of this body of work is the process-orientated documentation of Zero AGL project. The project documents the journey of a discarded airplane that was re-assembled and reanimated by myself and a group of volunteers supported by local businesses. The struggle of the group of people stands as a metaphor for the current dilemma of the restricted usage of public space. Further it reflects on my own limitations dealing with the Australian outback culture and the transition of my own sculptural practice from small scale art works into the arena of life size public Art. Those experiences shaped the process and the direction of the project. The motivation for the creation of the body of kinetic sculptures and video installation is to highlight the absurdity of social constructed categories and controlling systems in a post-industrial society. The subject matter focuses on the social construction of the categories of the ??Norm?? and the limitations of failure. Latitudinaria gives the audience a lateral view on how human betterment is not always essentially connected to technological progress but on transforming ideas and enhancing it from a different point of view. * freedom from normal restraints, limitations and regulations.

The seven-and-a-half-hour series of funeral rites that occurred in Atlanta on April 9, 1968 in honor of assassinated civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. were broadcast live to 120 million U.S. television viewers and reported extensively in local and national newspapers and magazines. While King's April 4 assassination triggered deadly riots in more than 100 cities, Atlanta remained peaceful before and during the funeral. In this research thesis I explore how the funeral was leveraged by three disparate stakeholder group's King's family, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and Atlanta's liberal white leadership- to stage image events. I create a historiography for each group that draws on primary sources and original interviews. Using an intertextual approach I conduct qualitative content analysis of the media coverage generated by each group's actions, identifying seven major messages that emerged.