Esta pesquisa analisa como são trabalhadas as influências dos diferentes estilos de teatro japonês na elaboração dos trajes de cena do Théâtre du Soleil, sob a direção de Ariane Mnouchkine nas produções de Ricardo II (1981), Henrique IV - parte um (1984) e Tambores sobre o dique (1999). São investigadas a história, os trajes, as máscaras e a maquiagem do teatro Nô, Kyogen, Kabuki e Bunraku, para estabelecer uma melhor análise dos espetáculos do Théâtre du Soleil, citados acima. É elaborado também, um pequeno manual com as modelagens e fotos da construção de um traje de cada um dos tipos de teatro japonês e dois conjuntos de trajes de cada espetáculo do Théâtre du Soleil. Busca-se com a análise destes espetáculos e o estudo dos seus trajes, juntamente com o estudo do teatro tradicional japonês, estabelecer um paralelo entre a cultura oriental e a ocidental. A elaboração dos moldes é importante para que seja possível visualizar como estas influências se materializam e para que parte da memória dos espetáculos possa ser registrada e facilmente reproduzida por aqueles que se interessem pelo tema. / This research analyses how the influence of Japanese theater is used in the elaboration of costume design at the Théâtre du Soleil, under the direction of Ariane Mnouchkine in the productions of Richard II (1981), Henry IV - Part one (1984) and Drums on the dike (1999). The history, costumes, masks and makeup of the Noh, Kyogen, Kabuki and Bunraku theater are investigated to establish a better analysis of the performances of Théâtre du Soleil, cited above. A small manual with patterns and photos of the construction of one costume from each type of Japanese theater and two sets of costumes from each show from the Théâtre du Soleil will be developed as well. With the analysis of the shows and the study of their costumes, and also the study of Japanese theater, we seek to establish a parallel between Eastern and Western cultures. The elaboration of the patterns is really important so that you can see how these influences were materialized and that part of the show\'s memory can be recorded and easily reproduced by those who are interested in the subject.

Cette thèse propose une réflexion sur les spécificités du régime de représentation cinématographique en le confrontant à une autre forme de représentation avec laquelle il partage une phase analogue de mise en scène : le théâtre. L’enjeu est de comprendre comment la place du spectateur de cinéma s’élabore dans la durée et par la perpétuelle reconfiguration du point de vue, en analysant la manière dont les films de fiction rendent compte d’un premier rapport spectatoriel au seinde la réalité filmique, que celui-ci soit entretenu vis-à-vis de représentations de type théâtral ou d’éléments profilmiques théâtralisés. Afin de discerner plus aisément la manière dont une diégèse filmique superpose des actes narratifs à des actions mimétiques, les pratiques scéniques japonaises servent d’objets privilégiés d’analyse en raison de certaines de leurs caractéristiques : exploitation tridimensionnelle de l’espace de spectacle, séparation marquée des niveaux d’énonciation, rapport « présentationnel » à la réalité théâtrale, etc. L’exploration d’un large panel d’exemples de manifestations théâtrales au sein de films de fiction japonais permet ainsi de cerner la façon dont la place du spectateur extra-filmique, parfois déléguée à celle d’un substitut diégétique, est déterminée par la construction même de la réalité filmique grâce à l’association d’une mise en scène, d’une mise en cadre et d’une mise en chaîne des images / This thesis proposes a study on the characteristics of the cinematic representation by comparing it to another form of representation with which it shares a similar stage of mise-en-scène: the theatre. Our goal is to understand how the place of the film spectator is determined over time and by the perpetual reconfiguration of the filmic point of view, by analyzing how fiction films reflect an initial spectatorial vantage point in front of theatrical performances or theatrical profilmic forms withinthe filmic reality. In order to make out how the filmic diegesis combines mimetic and narrative acts, the traditional Japanese theatrical practices serve as privileged objects of analysis by virtue of their characteristics: the three-dimensional use of space, the marked partition between modes of enunciation, the “presentational” relationship to theatrical reality, etc. Thus, the exploration of a wide range of examples of theatrical performances in Japanese fiction films allow us to identify how theviewpoint of the extra-filmic spectator, sometimes delegated to the one of a diegetic substitute, is determined by the construction of the filmic reality thanks to the combination of staging, framing and editing

Esta pesquisa analisa como são trabalhadas as influências dos diferentes estilos de teatro japonês na elaboração dos trajes de cena do Théâtre du Soleil, sob a direção de Ariane Mnouchkine nas produções de Ricardo II (1981), Henrique IV - parte um (1984) e Tambores sobre o dique (1999). São investigadas a história, os trajes, as máscaras e a maquiagem do teatro Nô, Kyogen, Kabuki e Bunraku, para estabelecer uma melhor análise dos espetáculos do Théâtre du Soleil, citados acima. É elaborado também, um pequeno manual com as modelagens e fotos da construção de um traje de cada um dos tipos de teatro japonês e dois conjuntos de trajes de cada espetáculo do Théâtre du Soleil. Busca-se com a análise destes espetáculos e o estudo dos seus trajes, juntamente com o estudo do teatro tradicional japonês, estabelecer um paralelo entre a cultura oriental e a ocidental. A elaboração dos moldes é importante para que seja possível visualizar como estas influências se materializam e para que parte da memória dos espetáculos possa ser registrada e facilmente reproduzida por aqueles que se interessem pelo tema. / This research analyses how the influence of Japanese theater is used in the elaboration of costume design at the Théâtre du Soleil, under the direction of Ariane Mnouchkine in the productions of Richard II (1981), Henry IV - Part one (1984) and Drums on the dike (1999). The history, costumes, masks and makeup of the Noh, Kyogen, Kabuki and Bunraku theater are investigated to establish a better analysis of the performances of Théâtre du Soleil, cited above. A small manual with patterns and photos of the construction of one costume from each type of Japanese theater and two sets of costumes from each show from the Théâtre du Soleil will be developed as well. With the analysis of the shows and the study of their costumes, and also the study of Japanese theater, we seek to establish a parallel between Eastern and Western cultures. The elaboration of the patterns is really important so that you can see how these influences were materialized and that part of the show\'s memory can be recorded and easily reproduced by those who are interested in the subject.

Cette étude se propose de montrer comment Yukio Mishima a renouvelé l’art du nô tout en conservant de nombreux concepts dramaturgiques et esthétiques. Créant un genre nouveau, le nô moderne, l’écrivain a revitalisé ce théâtre en privilégiant son obsession du désir de mort. Greffés sur des nôs anciens, les pièces de Mishima revitalisent des figures et des mythes du passé dans un monde moderne dégradé, où la seule voie possible est celle qui mène à la douleur originelle, un retour vers un sacré dans lequel se lisent les obsessions et les rêves de mort du dramaturge. / This study offers to show how Yukio Mishima has renewed the art of nô while maintaining numerous aesthetic and drama concepts. By creating a new genre, the modern nô, the writer has revitalized this type of theatre, focusing on his obsession with death desire. Based on ancient no’s, Mishima's plays revitalize figures and myths of the past, in a deteriorated modern world where the only possible path is the one leading to original pain, going back to the sacred, which reflects the playwright's obsessions and dreams of death.

Em que medida é possível pensar a elaboração de um discurso cênico desvinculada dos procedimentos e meios técnicos aplicados a ela? Ou, por outro lado, até que ponto a escolha de procedimentos e técnicas específicas determinam um fazer poético? No teatro ocidental, o tema do entrecruzamento de procedimentos com a construção do discurso poético passa a ser problematizado a partir do final do século XIX com o advento da encenação, possibilitando a construção de um novo diálogo entre encenação e pedagogia e o desenvolvimento de várias reflexões sobre o trabalho do ator. Tadashi Suzuki, encenador japonês contemporâneo, se insere nesse contexto ao sistematizar um treinamento para atores que lhes permita viabilizar seus objetivos estéticos e a criação de seus espetáculos. Além de proporcionar a aproximação com o trabalho deste encenador que, embora mundialmente conhecido, ainda é pouco divulgado no Brasil, o projeto se insere nas reflexões teórico-práticas surgidas a partir do trabalho de Suzuki e que são pertinentes ao teatro contemporâneo. Reflexões que dizem respeito às articulações entre material técnico e material poético na escritura cênica, à pedagogia teatral e, especialmente, às pesquisas da linguagem da encenação que tomam o ator como fonte geradora de códigos performáticos. / To what extent is it possible to think of the elaboration of a scenic speech separately from the procedures and technical means applied to it? Or, on the other hand, to what point does the choice of procedures and specific techniques determine a poetic work? In the Western theater, the theme of crossing technical procedures with the construction of a poetic speech has become a problem in the theaters as from the 19th century with the arrival of staging, what made the construction of a new dialogue between staging and pedagogy and the development of various reflections about the actors work possible. Tadashi Suzuki, a contemporary Japanese director, becomes relevant in this context when he systematizes a training for actors, one that permits the practicability of their esthetic objectives and a creation of their spectacles. Apart from allowing an approche to this directors work, which despite being known worldwide is still not so publicized in Brazil, the project collaborates with theoreticalpractical reflections that arose from Suzukis work and that are pertinent to contemporary theater. Reflections that refer to the articulations between technical material and poetic material in the dramaturgy of the scene, to theatrical pedagogy and to the researches of the staging language that take the actor as a source of performance codes.

Em que medida é possível pensar a elaboração de um discurso cênico desvinculada dos procedimentos e meios técnicos aplicados a ela? Ou, por outro lado, até que ponto a escolha de procedimentos e técnicas específicas determinam um fazer poético? No teatro ocidental, o tema do entrecruzamento de procedimentos com a construção do discurso poético passa a ser problematizado a partir do final do século XIX com o advento da encenação, possibilitando a construção de um novo diálogo entre encenação e pedagogia e o desenvolvimento de várias reflexões sobre o trabalho do ator. Tadashi Suzuki, encenador japonês contemporâneo, se insere nesse contexto ao sistematizar um treinamento para atores que lhes permita viabilizar seus objetivos estéticos e a criação de seus espetáculos. Além de proporcionar a aproximação com o trabalho deste encenador que, embora mundialmente conhecido, ainda é pouco divulgado no Brasil, o projeto se insere nas reflexões teórico-práticas surgidas a partir do trabalho de Suzuki e que são pertinentes ao teatro contemporâneo. Reflexões que dizem respeito às articulações entre material técnico e material poético na escritura cênica, à pedagogia teatral e, especialmente, às pesquisas da linguagem da encenação que tomam o ator como fonte geradora de códigos performáticos. / To what extent is it possible to think of the elaboration of a scenic speech separately from the procedures and technical means applied to it? Or, on the other hand, to what point does the choice of procedures and specific techniques determine a poetic work? In the Western theater, the theme of crossing technical procedures with the construction of a poetic speech has become a problem in the theaters as from the 19th century with the arrival of staging, what made the construction of a new dialogue between staging and pedagogy and the development of various reflections about the actors work possible. Tadashi Suzuki, a contemporary Japanese director, becomes relevant in this context when he systematizes a training for actors, one that permits the practicability of their esthetic objectives and a creation of their spectacles. Apart from allowing an approche to this directors work, which despite being known worldwide is still not so publicized in Brazil, the project collaborates with theoreticalpractical reflections that arose from Suzukis work and that are pertinent to contemporary theater. Reflections that refer to the articulations between technical material and poetic material in the dramaturgy of the scene, to theatrical pedagogy and to the researches of the staging language that take the actor as a source of performance codes.