Since the introduction of film to Japan in the 1890s, Japanese cinema has been continually influenced by transnational processes of film production, distribution, promotion, and reception. This has led inevitably to questions about the inherent nationality of Japan's film culture, despite the fact that Japanese cinema has often been subjected to analyses of its fundamental ‘Japaneseness'. This study seeks to make an original contribution to the field of Japanese film studies by investigating the contradictory ways in which Japan has functioned as a global cinematic brand in the period 2000 to 2010, and how this is interrelated with modes of promotion and reception in the English-speaking markets of the UK and the USA. Through textual and empirical analyses of seven films from the selected period and the non-Japanese consumption of them, this thesis argues that contemporary film exports are culturally-decentred in regards to their industrial and, to some extent, aesthetic dimensions. This results from contradictory modes of ‘cultural erasure' and ‘cultural performance' in the production of certain films, whereby aesthetic traces of cultural specificity are concealed or emphasised in relation to external commercial interests. Despite strategies of cultural erasure, explicit cinematic representations of cultural specificity remain highly valued as export commodities. Moreover, in the case of contemporary Japanese film exports, there are significant issues of ‘cultural ownership' to be accounted for given the extent to which non-national industrial consortia (film producers, financers, DVD distributors, film festivals) have invested in the promotion and in some cases the production of Japanese films. Thus, both in relation to the aesthetic erasure of Japaneseness and their non-Japanese commercial identities, recent film exports can be viewed as non-national cultural products that have a commercial and cinematic identity connected to external influences as much as internal ones.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:00:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2772.pdf: 12938732 bytes, checksum: 3ecd3cfd85466efccfc83dfa4d33ca6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-07 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The focus of my recearch was the negotiation of 'identity' for Japanese, Japanese descendants, and people without Japanese ancestry living in Brazil with a vehicle a sport called Kendo [Japanese fencing]. In this martial practice noticed a disciplining of the body and attitudes that consciously and unconsciously defines negotiations of 'identity and difference' established social relationships activated by practitioners. The research problem was located as the negotiation process of 'Japanese identity' and its moral postulate in Brazil with regard to this martial practice. And as she and all ethical and moral training in due to contact with immigrant teachers provide support for such a Japanese ontology. The hypothesis that I favor is the hallmark of an unconscious system of value that allows the classification in terms of proximity and distance in relation to a particular notion of Japaneseness. In short, there are characters to biological properties which make the ratings, but the closer it is knowledge of the Japanese. Kendo, taken as an unit of analysis is a machine, a device of Japaneseness - that is, a mechanism for the production of 'Japanese' myth and rith speeches, re-designed and updated from an objective and subjective body-size. / O foco de minha pesquisa foi a negociação de 'identidades' para japoneses, descendentes de japoneses e pessoas sem ascendência nipônica residentes no Brasil tendo por veículo uma prática esportiva designada por Kendo [esgrima japonesa]. Nesta prática marcial observo uma disciplinarização do corpo e das atitudes que delimita consciente e inconscientemente uma negociação de 'identidade e diferença' demonstrada nas relações sociais ativadas pelos praticantes. O problema da pesquisa foi situar como se processa a negociação da 'identidade japonesa e seu postulado moral no Brasil no tocante a esta prática corporal-marcial. E como ela e o conjunto ético-moral decorrente do treinamento e do contato com professores imigrantes fornecem um suporte a essa ontologia nipônica. A hipótese que defendo é a indicação de um sistema inconsciente de valor que permite a classificação em termos de proximidade e distância em relação a uma dada atualização de japonesidade. Em suma, não são os caracteres biológico-fenotipicos que fazem as classificações, mas sim, quanto mais próximo se está dos conhecimentos sobre os japoneses. O Kendo, tomado como uma unidade de análise é uma máquina, um dispositivo de japonesidades ou seja, um mecanismo de produção de 'japoneses' e de discursos 'mito-ríticos', re-elaborados e atualizados a partir de uma dimensão corpórea objetiva e subjetiva.

Submitted by Bruna Rodrigues (bruna92rodrigues@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-03T13:46:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseGVNL.pdf: 2955100 bytes, checksum: 553f443c2ae3e29fa5380d0acaf92dcb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-10T17:30:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseGVNL.pdf: 2955100 bytes, checksum: 553f443c2ae3e29fa5380d0acaf92dcb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-10T17:30:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseGVNL.pdf: 2955100 bytes, checksum: 553f443c2ae3e29fa5380d0acaf92dcb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T17:30:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseGVNL.pdf: 2955100 bytes, checksum: 553f443c2ae3e29fa5380d0acaf92dcb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-02 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / In my Master's research, I evaluated the Japanese Kendō practice as a Japaneseness device, i.e., something that sought to "make Japanese". In this manufacturing process, Kendō focused on three connected planes: the 'Spirit' [Ki], the Sword and the Body. While development of the foregoing, this doctoral thesis sought to analyze data from life stories of Kendō practitioners and Documents about the notion of Ki – Life Force, Vital Energy – through an extensive ethnographic research in Brazil and Japan. The notion of Ki introduced itself as an important way to understanding the Japanese Culture itself, in a close relationship with an idiosyncratic notion of Love - Ai. The result was a theoretical and analytical potentiality to understand the Japanese Kinship and Japanese-and-Non-Japanese’s Family Studies, including cultural recognition processes whose assessment was made by anthropological and comparative perspectives / Em minha pesquisa de mestrado, avaliei a esgrima japonesa enquanto um dispositivo de japonesidade, ou seja, algo que buscava “fabricar japoneses” – fossem descendentes ou não. Neste processo de fabricação, o Kendō focava três planos intimamente conectados: o ‘espírito’ [Ki], a espada e o corpo. Enquanto desenvolvimento do precedente, este texto de doutoramento buscou organizar e analisar os dados de relatos de vida de praticantes de Kendō e de documentos que versassem sobre a noção de Ki – energia vital – por meio de uma extensa pesquisa etnográfica no Brasil e no Japão. A noção de Ki se apresentou como um importante modo de se compreender a Cultura Japonesa na prática, em íntima relação com uma noção idiossincrática de Amor – Ai – culturalmente japonesa. Disso resultou uma potencialidade – teórica e analítica – para estudos de parentesco-relacionalidade e família japonesas, incluindo processos de reconhecimento intra-inter-culturais cuja avaliação se fez de um ponto de vista antropológico-comparativo.