This study proposes a framework and a process promoting creation of sustainable jobs and businesses in rural, arid and semi-arid agricultural conflict zones of Sub Saharan Africa, focusing on Somalia's societal stabilization and conflict mitigation. This task requires developing risk-reducing measures for infrastructure and service delivery in rural, post-conflict zones. Literature reviews identified two economic growth theories rooted in sustainability concepts for localized, pro-poor development. Ecological Economics Theory (EET) and Endogenous Growth Theory (EGT) are the philosophical bases establishing investment priorities. Additional research regarding Somali culture, key conflict factors, and potential business opportunities, provides an understanding of salient facts in Somalia's on-going, 27-years of war and potential culturally acceptable development pathways. Informal sources, Somali and non-Somali, were consulted to further identify and verify potential avenues for economic growth, sustainability, educational opportunities, allowing Somalia to emerge from the strife it has endured. Visits to Somalia and Somaliland confirmed that livestock, its products and related requirements, are key components for economic growth and job creation. Investigation, via pilot testing and case studies, was undertaken of technologies with potential to improve productive capacity and disrupt existing value chains. Initial framework elements were evaluated for job and business creation, through unstructured, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaire of Somali officials, and Somali and non-Somali conflict zone development practitioners. The pilot test used a small sample size and is a limitation of this work. Findings from the literature review, informal discussions, and the pilot test are synthesized into the framework presented in Chapter 5. The framework proposes development of an innovative, disruptive, and scalable business model that facilitates the simultaneous implementation of renewable energy production. It targets education for the livestock and agroforestry industry of Somalia, improving job and business opportunities. The model proposes modification of used shipping containers for the creation of modular elements, to satisfying infrastructural building components to initiate skills practice, job, and business growth. / Doctor of Philosophy / The wars and conflicts of various types in Africa have made the continent poorer and prevented development in many countries. One of the major, and seemingly intractable conflict locations, is Somalia located in the East Horn of Africa (EHA). This research provides an understanding of salient facts in Somalia's 27 years of war by examining culture and key conflict factors. The objective of this assessment is to identify potential culturally acceptable pathways that will lead to business opportunities and development as a means of conflict mitigation. The improvement of job opportunities for youth is viewed as a means to offset the current participation in the ongoing conflict. Somali and non-Somali sources were consulted to identify and verify avenues for economic growth, sustainability, and educational opportunities. Visits to Somalia and Somaliland confirmed that livestock, and related products, are key components for development and job creation. Technologies with potential to improve productive capacity and disrupt existing value chains were also evaluated. Findings from informal discussions and a pilot test of a proposed framework are presented. The framework identifies elements for development of an innovative, disruptive, and scalable business model that facilitates the implementation of renewable energy production. In addition, it targets education for the livestock and agroforestry industries, improving job and business opportunities.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att behandla vilka explicita och implicita strategier första linjens chefer har för att åstadkomma lärande i vårdarbetet. Uppsatsen har en kvalitativ ansats. Tidigare forskning visar att lärande i arbetet är en framgångsfaktor för de flesta organisationer. Forskning och utveckling gör att behovet av lärande ökar. Den varierande utbildningsbakgrund som personalen har gör att cheferna måste komplettera, utveckla och underhålla personalens kunskap vilket tar mycket tid. Ökat lärande gör personalen mer anställningsbar. I studien intervjuas åtta första linjens chefer. Ett fåtal chefer har en nedtecknad tydlig strategi för lärande. Chefens roll har förändrats då lärandefrågor tar allt mer av deras tid. Utbudet av utbildning är störst för sjuksköterskor. Undersköterskor/skötare får sin utbildning mest genom internutbildning. Cheferna tvingas till ständiga prioriteringar eftersom resurserna är begränsade. Lärande i vårdarbetet är intressant eftersom det är en multiprofessionell organisation. Det finns möjlighet att lära av varandra. Ett önskemål är att lära genom tvärprofessionella team där läkarna är viktiga, men det fungerar inte. Patientfokus är starkt och det gör att personalen väljer bort utbildning när tiden inte räcker till.

La producción de alimentos de consumo masivo trae consigo tanto amenazas como oportunidades, ya que la falla de un proceso operativo impacta a millones de consumidores, por ello, es importante asegurar la elaboración de productos inocuos y de calidad. En este proceso el recurso humano interviene directamente en toda la cadena de producción desde la materia prima hasta la distribución al consumidor. En el rubro industrial de la empresa en estudio, el personal operativo representa más del 50% de los colaboradores, los mismos que deben estar constantemente capacitados en temas especializados en su rama industrial, por ejemplo: Buenas Prácticas de Manufactura (BPM), Inocuidad y calidad, HACCAP (Análisis de puntos críticos), etc., con el objetivo de generar en ellos hábitos, habilidades y destrezas que contribuyan a la eficiencia en la producción. La normativa peruana e internacional exige altos estándares de calidad a todos los que intervienen en esta cadena de producción que son: los proveedores (los que proporcionan la materia prima), los fabricantes (las industrias de procesamiento) y los clientes (las grandes cadenas de supermercados, distribuidoras, y las mismas industrias de procesamiento) generando auditorías e inspecciones para garantizar el cumplimiento. Siendo la plana operativa importante en este rubro, el plan de formación debe ser diseñado teniendo en cuenta las características de este perfil, el programa debe ser lúdico, innovador, motivador, dinámico, experimental, vivencial, simple y claro que garanticen el aprendizaje aplicado a su actividad, contribuyendo a la sostenibilidad y el crecimiento del negocio. / The production of food for mass consumption brings with it both threats and opportunities, since the failure of an operational process impacts millions of consumers, therefore, it is important to ensure the production of safe and quality products. In this process, human resources intervene directly in the entire production chain from raw material to distribution to the consumer. In this industrial area of ​​the company under study, the operational staff represents more than 50% of the collaborators, the same ones who must be constantly trained in specialized topics in their industrial branch, for example: Good Manufacturing Practices (BPM), Safety and quality, HACCAP (Critical Point Analysis), etc., with the aim of generating habits, abilities and skills that contribute to production efficiency. International and Peruvian regulations require high quality standards from all those involved in this production chain, which are suppliers (those who provide the raw material), manufacturers (processing industries) and customers (large chains of supermarkets, distributors, and the same processing industries) generating audits and inspections to ensure compliance. Being the important operational plan in this area, the training plan must be designed taking into account the characteristics of this profile, the program must be playful, innovative, motivating, dynamic, experimental, experiential, simple and clear that guarantee the learning applied to its activity, contributing to the sustainability and growth of the business. / Trabajo de investigación

En el presente proyecto de investigación, se desarrollará un tema de suma importancia para el ámbito laboral y profesional. Hoy en día, para los jóvenes estudiantes debido a la coyuntura generada por la pandemia, es decir, por el Covid-19. En específico, este proyecto tratará de proponer una posible alternativa de ayuda para todos aquellos estudiantes que se encuentran en búsqueda de prácticas pre profesionales y deseen cumplir los créditos requeridos para poder culminar la universidad o instituto en el que se encuentren. Una de las razones por las que se decidió abordar este tema es por la poca oferta que existe y siempre ha existido en las plataformas actuales con respecto a las prácticas, al ser plataformas grandes se enfocan mucho más en los trabajos profesionales. Asimismo, piden requisitos fuera de la realidad de un practicante como por ejemplo, experiencia previa de un año, cuando las prácticas son el primer trabajo que se obtiene cuando se están formando profesionalmente. En primera instancia se explicó el problema a responder con entrevistas tanto de los jóvenes contando sus experiencias buscando prácticas sin ningún éxito y empresas que buscan prácticas y cuáles son sus requisitos.Es ahí donde empiezan los hallazgos y aprendizajes más importantes para encontrar la posible solución al problema principal. A partir de ahí se desarrollaron diferentes experimentos para poder verificar y validar si tenía aceptación nuestro proyecto en diferentes circunstancias y ámbitos.Y finalmente, se realizó el respectivo plan financiero para observar cuál iba á hacer nuestra inversión, los gastos y precios para este proyecto. A continuación, se explicará a mayor detalle cada uno de los puntos desarrollados en este trabajo de investigación. / In the present research project, a topic of great importance will be developed for young students at the moment due to the situation generated by the pandemic, or rather by Covid- 19. Specifically, this project will seek to propose a possible alternative of assistance for all young students who are in search of pre-professional practices to culminate the university or institute in which they are located. One of the reasons why we decided to address this issue was precisely because of the current situation in which we find ourselves, because it is more tedious for these young people to find pre-existing practices because of the lack of experience or requirements that are requested. That is why as a group we have proposed to develop a platform exclusively between young people and companies in search of pre-professional practitioners. In the first instance the problem was explained to respond with interviews of both young people counting their experiences looking for practices without any success and companies seeking practices and what their requirements are. This is where the most important findings and learning begin to find the possible solution to the main problem. From there different experiments were developed to be able to verify and validate whether our project was accepted in different circumstances and fields. And finally, the respective financial plan was carried out to see what our investment, the costs and prices for this project would do. Each of the points developed in this research work will be explained in more detail below. / Trabajo de investigación