Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-06-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:11:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_cc_me_bauru.pdf: 1043113 bytes, checksum: 19251494b17bb1be9985142973c7e71f (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Partindo da hipótese de que o jornal é um meio heterogêneo e espaço constante de tensões entre vozes e versões empregadas na construção da narrativa noticiosa - um produto cultural, que deve ser inteligível ao público -, esta pequisa tem o objetivo de inferir porque as notícias são como são. Para isso, utiliza-se como estudo de caso 366 textos sobre os transtornos mentais e de comportamento e seus personagens veiculados pela Folha de S. Paulo em 2009. A proposta é avaliar a partir de uma temática classificada entre comunicação e saúde cuja origem é científica, mas tem implicações na vida social de seus portadores, o jornal e a notícia como meios incorporadores e disseminadores, concomitantemente, de representações sociais e enunciados da ciência. Para tanto, adota-se pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de conteúdo, com vieses quantitativo e qualitativo. A primeira é empregana na revisão bibliográfica sobre representações sociais. Teoria Unificada na Notícia, jornalismo científico e a construção histórica dos distúrbios e de suas imagens. Já a segunda tem a finalidade de identificar as matérias que temos e compreender elementos constitutivos e versões da realidade que atuam em sua produção / Presuming that the newspaper is a heterogeneous media and a constant space of tension between voices and views used in the construction of news story - a cultural product, which should be intelligible to the public - this research aims to infer why the news are as they are. For this, it used as case study 366 texts about mental and behavior disorders and the characters trasmitted by Folha de S. Paulo in 2009. The proposal is to evaluate throughout an issue classified in intersection of Communication and Health, whose origin is scientific, bus implies in the social life of their carriers, the newspaper and the news as incorporators and disseminators, concomitantly, from social representations and scientific statements. To this end, it is adopted literature review and content analysis with quantitative and qualitative biase. The first method is employed in the literature review about social representations. Unified Theory of News, scientific journalism and the historical construction of mental disorders and their images. The second aims to identify the news that we have understand the components and relaity proposition that operate in its production

Orientador: Cláudio Bertolli Fulh / Banca: Maximiliano Martin Vicente / Banca: Nilson Alves de Moraes / Resumo: Partindo da hipótese de que o jornal é um meio heterogêneo e espaço constante de tensões entre vozes e versões empregadas na construção da narrativa noticiosa - um produto cultural, que deve ser inteligível ao público -, esta pequisa tem o objetivo de inferir porque as notícias são como são. Para isso, utiliza-se como estudo de caso 366 textos sobre os transtornos mentais e de comportamento e seus personagens veiculados pela Folha de S. Paulo em 2009. A proposta é avaliar a partir de uma temática classificada entre comunicação e saúde cuja origem é científica, mas tem implicações na vida social de seus portadores, o jornal e a notícia como meios incorporadores e disseminadores, concomitantemente, de representações sociais e enunciados da ciência. Para tanto, adota-se pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de conteúdo, com vieses quantitativo e qualitativo. A primeira é empregana na revisão bibliográfica sobre representações sociais. Teoria Unificada na Notícia, jornalismo científico e a construção histórica dos distúrbios e de suas imagens. Já a segunda tem a finalidade de identificar as matérias que temos e compreender elementos constitutivos e versões da realidade que atuam em sua produção / Abstract: Presuming that the newspaper is a heterogeneous media and a constant space of tension between voices and views used in the construction of news story - a cultural product, which should be intelligible to the public - this research aims to infer why the news are as they are. For this, it used as case study 366 texts about mental and behavior disorders and the characters trasmitted by Folha de S. Paulo in 2009. The proposal is to evaluate throughout an issue classified in intersection of Communication and Health, whose origin is scientific, bus implies in the social life of their carriers, the newspaper and the news as incorporators and disseminators, concomitantly, from social representations and scientific statements. To this end, it is adopted literature review and content analysis with quantitative and qualitative biase. The first method is employed in the literature review about social representations. Unified Theory of News, scientific journalism and the historical construction of mental disorders and their images. The second aims to identify the news that we have understand the components and relaity proposition that operate in its production / Mestre

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Die vierkantkilometer-radioteleskoop SKA (―Square Kilometre Array‖) sal na verwagting die grootste teleskoop op aarde en die grootste wetenskapprojek in Afrika wees. Hierdie verhandeling konsentreer op hoe die SKA vanaf September 2011 tot Augustus 2012 in die Suid-Afrikaanse media uitgebeeld is. Dit handel oor die leemtes in die literatuur oor wetenskapkommunikasie, veral wat betref wetenskapkommunikasie in Afrikaverband. Deur uit massa- en wetenskapkommunikasieteorie te put, modelleer die studie kommunikasieprosesse en -uitsette met behulp van ‘n konseptuele raamwerk wat op die gedagte van die openbare sfeer berus. Die navorsing word in die besonder onderstut deur onderhoude met sleutelinformante en die ontleding van nuus- en sosiale media. Die wetenskapkommunikasie oor die SKA gedurende hierdie tydperk was stelselmatig gekenmerk deur ‘n hoë vlak van koördinasie tussen die aansporings, strategieë en strukture van alle hoofrolspelers oor die kommunikasiestelsel heen. Al die hoofrolspelers buite die media het die SKA op so ‘n manier in die openbare sfeer probeer uitbeeld dat dit openbare steun sou werf. Primêre hekwagterfunksies is aan die voorste SKA-organisasie- en openbaresektor-rolspelers toegewys, maar was verder afgewentel binne universiteite. Hekwagterfunksies in die media is hoofsaaklik deur nuuswaarde sowel as institusionele kultuur en organisatoriese kenmerke bepaal. Verhoudings tussen wetenskaplikes en joernaliste was oënskynlik oor die algemeen positief en gegrond op vertroue. Die beduidendste bron van inligting vir joernaliste was die SKA self, gevolg deur rolspelers in die openbare sektor. Tog is ander rolspelers, bepaald plaaslike belanghebbendes, gemarginaliseer. Die Afrikaanstalige media het veral onder plaaslike gemeenskappe ‘n belangrike rol gespeel en het meer dikwels as ander oor die SKA berig. Die sosiale media het die SKA merendeels op ‘n soortgelyke wyse as die nuusmedia hanteer, maar die struktuur van kommunikasie-uitsette is beïnvloed deur die kenmerkende eienskappe van sosiale media self, waaronder die virale verspreiding van boodskappe en hoër vlakke van vryewilsoptrede (―agency‖) deur individuele rolspelers. Tog was daar aanduidings van beduidende media-integrasie, in die sin dat groot Suid-Afrikaanse mediahuise die bron was van die meeste boodskappe in sowel die nuus- as sosiale media. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT : The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) radio telescope is set to become the largest telescope on Earth, and also the largest science project in Africa. This dissertation focuses on the manner in which the SKA was represented in the South African media from September 2011 to August 2012. This addresses gaps in the literature on science communication, particularly with respect to science communication in an African context. By drawing on mass communication theory and science communication theory, it models communication processes and outputs using a conceptual framework based on the notion of the public sphere. Empirically, the study is underpinned by key informant interviews and the analysis of news media and social media content. Systemically, the science communication of the SKA during this period was characterized by a high level of alignment of incentives, strategies, and structures across the main actors in the communication system. Main actors outside the media all aimed to position the SKA in the public sphere in a manner that would grow public support. Primary gatekeeping functions were positioned at the apex of the SKA organisation and public sector actors, but were more devolved within universities. Gatekeeping in the media was primarily driven by news value, as well as institutional culture and organisational attributes. Relationships between scientists and journalists were found to be generally positive and trust-based. The most significant source of information for journalists was the SKA itself, followed by public sector actors. However, other actors were marginalized, particularly local stakeholders. The Afrikaans language media played an important role, particularly among local communities, and published about the SKA relatively more often. The social media represented the SKA in a broadly similar manner to the news media, but the structure of communication outputs was influenced by the distinct attributes of the social media, including the viral propagation of messages and higher levels of agency by individual actors. However, there were indications of substantial media integration, in that major South African media corporations were the source of the majority of messages in both the news and social media. The tone of media outputs was largely neutral or positive, framing the SKA as a 'good news story‘. The overarching dominant frame for representing the SKA was the site allocation process, in which South Africa and Australia competed in a bid to host the telescope for the international SKA consortium. Science and technology aspects of the project constituted the second most common framing, within which the search for extra-terrestrial intelligence was the most commonly represented research question. Representations of technological aspects of the SKA were generally shallow, with most articles mentioning only one aspect of the project‘s technology. The SKA was also constructed as a symbol, representing an instance of African scientific and technological achievement, African participation in globalized science, and a refutation of Afro-pessimism. The impact of the SKA on the public imagination, and the public sphere, was thus clearly far wider and deeper than only its science and technology accomplishments and contributions.

Science communication sets as an ally of scientific literacy, since the popularization of knowledge in science and technology (S & T) composes as a beneficial action to the educational process in science, which allows to the citizen to create a critical mindset about the progress, outcomes and limits of science and technology. The aim of this study therefore is to understand how teachers/researchers from UFS evaluate the importance of science communication in UFS Journal, which is produced by the Communications Department of the Federal University of Sergipe, and to what extent this paper enables science literacy. The study is qualitative, and its main informational instrument is the questionnaire, which was answered by 16 teachers/researchers, sources of S&T reports published at UFS Journal - since the first edition printed in 2007 until the first edition of 2013, totaling 9 editions. The results showed that the UFS researchers realize the importance of science communication as a mean for disseminating the knowledge restricted to the general public and, regarding the UFS Journal , they pointed out the problems of frequency, distribution and range of printed as impediments to the performance of the S&T promotional activity. Concerning the relationship between divulgation and scientific literacy, the majority considered these two inseparable elements, indicating the relevance of the first to arrive at the second. / A divulgação científica configura-se uma aliada da alfabetização científica, uma vez que a popularização dos conhecimentos em ciência e tecnologia (C&T) constitui uma ação benéfica ao processo educativo em ciências, que possibilita fomentar no cidadão uma mentalidade crítica sobre os avanços, consequências e limites da ciência e tecnologia. O objetivo do presente estudo, assim, é compreender como os professores/pesquisadores da UFS avaliam a importância da divulgação científica presente no Jornal UFS, impresso produzido pela Assessoria de Comunicação da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (Ascom), e em que medida esse jornal possibilita a alfabetização científica. O estudo é de natureza qualitativa, e teve como principal instrumento informacional o questionário, que foi respondido por 16 professores/pesquisadores, fontes de matérias de C&T do Jornal UFS - desde a primeira edição do impresso em 2007 até a primeira edição de 2013, totalizando 9 edições. Os resultados evidenciaram que os pesquisadores da UFS percebem a importância da divulgação científica como sendo um meio de disseminar os conhecimentos restritos para o público em geral e, no que concerne ao Jornal UFS, eles apontaram os problemas de periodicidade, distribuição e alcance do impresso como empecilhos para o desempenho da atividade de divulgar C&T. No tocante à relação entre divulgação e alfabetização científica, a maioria considerou esses dois elementos indissociáveis, apontando a relevância do primeiro para se hegar ao segundo.