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1	The concept of reason in international relations Zhang, Biao January 2014 (has links) In this thesis my aims are twofold. First, I provide an auto-history of the concept of reason in Anglophone IR from 1919 to 2009. I uncover the centrality of the language of reason. I show that the concept of reason has constituted, undergirded, and empowered many prominent IR scholars’ discourses. Second, I bring out a taxonomy of four construal of rationality. I argue that IR thinkers have spoken in four languages of reason. Kantian reason stands in a relation opposed to passion, emotion and instinct, and makes the stipulation that to base actions on the intellect is prerequisite for pursuing interest and moral conduct. I argue that the British Liberal Institutionalists, Has Morgenthau, Richard Ashley and Andrew Linklater are bearers of this construal. Utilitarian reason refers to the maximization of interests under constraints, where interest can be defined as strategic preference, emotional attachment, or cultural value and constraints as a two-person game, uncertainty or risk. I demonstrate how Thomas Schelling, Herman Kahn, Glenn Snyder, Robert Keohane, Robert Gilpin, Helen Milner, Andrew Moravcsik and many other theorists use the concept. Axiological reason means following rules, cultures and norms, and always uses game as an analytical foundation and attends to the problem of how to enforce rules. I argue that Kenneth Waltz, Nicholas Onuf, Friedrich Kratochwil and K.M. Fierke have deployed the concept to construct their theories. Historical reason views all values as conditioned within a specific spatial-temporal background, and insists that moral problems, which are constituted in the margin of every political conduct, must be solved by overcoming universal morality and the unilateral pursuit of interest. I show that Raymond Aron, Martin Wight, David Boucher and Christian Reus-Smit have conceived of reason in this way. 320
2	Stuxnet-attacken mot Iran : Strukturell realism i informationsrevolutionens tidsålder Ryd, Erik January 2014 (has links) This study aims to explain the Stuxnet-attack against Iran in 2009-2010 by using the IR-theory of structural realism. By doing so the theory also faces the challenge of the impact of the information revolution on security and international relations. The structural realism that is at hand is that of Kenneth Waltz and his Theory of International Politics from 1979.The study reaches the conclusion that Waltzs focus on the structure of the international system and the distribution of capabilities applies well to the case of Stuxnet as a cyber attack. The creators of the sophisticated Stuxnet, USA and Israel, also indicates that when it comes to this certain aspect of the information revolution and IR, states seem to still be the main actor. Finally the character of one of the major features of the Stuxnet-attack; the internet, is shown to have an anarchic structure that fits well as an extension of the realist view of the international system. Stuxnet Structural realism Kenneth Waltz Information revolution Security IR-theory
3	Natureza humana como primeira imagem das rela??es internacionais : fundamentos filos?ficos para teoria realista estruturalista de Kenneth Waltz Barbosa, Camila Palhares 08 March 2017 (has links) Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T18:23:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_CAMILA_PALHARES_BARBOSA_COMPLETO.pdf: 717654 bytes, checksum: 2eb237f6b09f85967cf3909e4145e595 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T18:23:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_CAMILA_PALHARES_BARBOSA_COMPLETO.pdf: 717654 bytes, checksum: 2eb237f6b09f85967cf3909e4145e595 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-08 / This paper aims to investigate the role of human nature to theoretical discourses of International Relations through the dialogue between the structural realism of Kenneth Waltz and social constructivism of Alexander Wendt. Insofar as the realism doctrine remains one of the most consolidate theory of International Relations and the structural proposal of Waltz is traditionally associate as the theory that withdraws the need of determinist axioms of human behavior to the understanding of International Relations, my proposal when using these authors is to demonstrate that philosophical bias discourses on human nature remain part of what we understand as International Relations theories. Furthermore, through this analysis I intent to shown that the need to stablishes the International Relations field as a separated from social and political sciences, remove interdisciplinary aspects of theoretical discourses, specially, in the structural realism proposed by Waltz. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o papel da natureza humana nos discursos te?ricos das Rela??es Internacionais a partir do di?logo entre o realismo estruturalista de Kenneth Waltz e do construtivismo social de Alexander Wendt. Na medida em que o realismo permanece sendo uma das correntes mais consolidadas nas teorias das Rela??es Internacionais e a proposta estruturalista de Waltz ? tradicionalmente vista como a doutrina que retira com a necessidade de axiomas deterministas do comportamento humano para o entendimento das Rela??es Internacionais, minha proposta ao utilizar esses autores ? demonstrar que discursos de vi?s filos?ficos sobre natureza humana permanecem compondo uma parte do entendemos como teorias das Rela??es Internacionais. Al?m disso, a partir desta an?lise busco demonstrar como a necessidade de estabelecer as Rela??es Internacionais como um campo separado das ci?ncias sociais e pol?ticas, retirou aspectos interdisciplinares dos discursos te?ricos, especialmente, no caso do realismo estruturalista proposto por Waltz. Kenneth Waltz Natureza Humana Realismo Rela??es Internacionais CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA
4	The Rise of Regional Hegemons: Assessing Implications for the International System through a Neo-realist Perspective Linn, Nicole Whitney 10 February 2012 (has links) Never before have developing nations been able to compete at the international level, both economically and militarily. But, we are currently in an age where developing nations, such as Brazil, Russia, India, and China, are able to develop so rapidly that they are able to excel within the international economy, which allows for an increased investment in military and technological capabilities. Consequently, these rapidly developing nations are able to influence the international system. To see how much of an effect these rapidly developing nations are having within the international system, they will be measured against 5 indicators that correlate with becoming a rising regional hegemon, a feature of a multi-polar system. The multi-polar international system that we see emerging is contrary to Kenneth Waltz's assertion that a multi-polar international system is unstable, and a bi-polar international system is preferred. New global conditions indicate that Waltz's analysis may not stand the test of time. / Master of Arts regional hegemony Kenneth Waltz regional security complex theory rapidly developing nations
5	Realpolitik and Iran's post-Saddam strategy for Iraq / Realpolitik and Iran's strategy for post-Saddam Iraq Gutzwiller, Ryan R. 06 1900 (has links) Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / Throughout history, threats emerging from Iran's frontiers have significantly influenced its security policies towards Iraq. Given Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom, Iran's security environment has changed a great deal. Does Iran have a strategy for post-Saddam Iraq and, if so, what is it? With few exceptions, Kenneth Waltz's Realpolitik and balance-of-power theories have guided Iran's security policy decisions. The combined effects of Iran's formative history, individual and institutional agendas, and national interests form the foundation for a Realpolitik strategy aimed at preventing a resurgent "anti-Teheran" government in Iraq. Pragmatism, consensus, influence, and competition appear to be the watchwords for an assertive strategy built upon military prudence and cross-border, multi-disciplined engagement. Iran is putting its internal political and economic house in order so as to achieve greater effectiveness in the pursuit of its national interests vis-a-vis Iraq and the United States. While an alliance is unlikely, there is alignment with the U.S.-led coalition's strategic interests in Iraq. / Major, United States Marine Corps Saddam Hussein Post-Saddam Khameini Khatami Rafsanjani Bush Kenneth Waltz Iran Iraq United States Realpolitik Balance-of-power Realism Idealism Liberalism National interests Security Policy Domestic Politics Faction Consensus Competition Agenda Institution Supreme Council for National Security SCNS Shi'a Shia Sunni Rapprochement Alignment Alliance Resurgent Strategy Operation Iraqi Freedom Operation Enduring Freedom Individual agenda Institutional agenda Anti-Teheran Pragmatism Influence Engagement

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