½×¤åºK­n (­^) In the IC packaging and testing industry, short lead-time, high yield performance and excellence in quality are the major factors for competition. To achieve these goals, experienced and knowledgeable employees as well as a culture appreciating collaborative problem solving and knowledge sharing are essential. The case company realized and promoted the importance of collaborative problem solving and knowledge sharing. Currently, several collaborative problem solving and knowledge sharing activities can be observed in the case company. Although the case company appreciates and creates the culture of collaborative problem solving and knowledge sharing, several challenges remain to be addressed. ¡P Reuse of lessons learned knowledge (or tacit knowledge for short) seldom takes place. ¡P Retention of Lessons Learned knowledge is lacking. ¡P The availability of lessons learned knowledge is a concern. To address the above-mentioned challenges faced by the case company, the purpose of this research is to develop and implement a knowledge management system. Specifically, an lessons learned knowledge repository will be constructed for capturing, retaining and reusing lessons learned knowledge. The goals of the target knowledge management system include facilitating efficient inter- and intra-departmental knowledge sharing and improving the knowledge availability that, in turn, leading to a productivity improvement. Empirical evaluations on the usability of the proposed system will be conducted and analyzed.

Knowledge is the critical success factor for organizations to compete in the contemporary business world. Organizations that can make full use of their collective expertise and knowledge are likely to be more innovative, efficient and effective in the marketplace. With the development of advanced information and communication technology, organizations are undertaking various knowledge management initiatives to augment traditional ways of knowledge transfer. This dissertation intended to understand how various factors influence knowledge workers' knowledge sourcing behavior in the multimodal knowledge network. More specifically, our research question is: How do task characteristics, knowledge characteristics and individual characteristics influence knowledge workers' channel preferences during their knowledge sourcing activities?We built a knowledge sourcing preference model which predicts knowledge workers' preferences among various knowledge channels. We identified eight important antecedents from a wide spectrum of task characteristics, knowledge characteristics, and individual characteristics. We also identified three representative knowledge sourcing channels: face-to-face communication with colleagues, knowledge repositories, and discussion forums. We developed eight hypotheses on how each of the antecedent influence channel preferences.We tested our hypotheses through a survey we conducted in an international information technology company. Out of the eight hypotheses, the hypotheses on the influences from knowledge codifiability, knowledge volatility, extroversion/introversion dimension of the personality, and reciprocation wariness are supported. The hypotheses on the influences from task interdependency and task urgency are partially supported. The hypotheses on the influences from task routineness and expertise are not supported.This study furthers our understanding of knowledge workers' knowledge sourcing behavior in a multimodal knowledge network. The results of this study help organizations understand the advantages and disadvantages of various sourcing channels under certain circumstance of tasks, knowledge, and individuals. With this understanding, organizations will be able to have reasonable expectations on the utilization of knowledge transfer approaches, and to improve the effectiveness of the knowledge transfer initiatives. This will enable the organizations to cultivate environments or design systems to develop the types of channels to accommodate the preferences of knowledge workers with various combinations of tasks, knowledge and individual characteristics.

This dissertation presents a computational multiscale framework for predicting behavioral tendencies related to human addiction. The research encompasses three main contributions. The first contribution presents a formal, heuristic, and exploratory framework to conduct interdisciplinary investigations about the neuropsychological, cognitive, behavioral, and recovery constituents of addiction. The second contribution proposes a computational framework to account for real-life recoveries that are not dependent on pharmaceutical, clinical, and counseling support. This exploration relies upon a combination of current biological beliefs together with unorthodox rehabilitation practices, such as meditation, and proposes a conjecture regarding possible cognitive mechanisms involved in the recovery process. Further elaboration of this investigation leads on to the third contribution, which introduces a computational hypothesis for exploring the allostatic theory of addiction. A person engaging in drug consumption is likely to encounter mood deterioration and eventually to suffer the loss of a reasonable functional state (e.g., experience depression). The allostatic theory describes how the consumption of abusive substances modifies the brain's reward system by means of two mechanisms which aim to viably maintain the functional state of an addict. The first mechanism is initiated in the reward system itself, whereas the second might originate in the endocrine system or elsewhere. The proposed computational hypothesis indicates that the first mechanism can explain the functional stabilization of the addict, whereas the second mechanism is a candidate for a source of possible recovery. The formal arguments presented in this dissertation are illustrated by simulations which delineate archetypal patterns of human behavior toward drug consumption: escalation of use and influence of conventional and alternative rehabilitation treatments. Results obtained from this computational framework encourage an integrative approach to drug rehabilitation therapies which combine conventional therapies with alternative practices to achieve higher rates of consumption cessation and lower rates of relapse.

A presente dissertação tem como objetivo principal desenvolver um modelo de orientação, que norteie os tilapicultores a respeito das boas práticas de produção em tanques-rede indicadas pela FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) e pela literatura acadêmica, a fim de eliminar a ausência do conhecimento, fator considerado limitador para o desenvolvimento da aquicultura. Para tanto, foi aplicado um estudo qualitativo segregado em duas fases. Na primeira, o tipo de estudo adotado foi exploratório. Essa fase foi composta por três etapas: revisão da literatura e FAO, elaboração do modelo de orientação, de acordo com o método EKD (Enterprise Knowledge Development), e elaboração do questionário. Já na segunda fase foi combinada a pesquisa de observação com o estudo descritivo. Foram realizadas duas etapas: visitas de observação, com a aplicação do questionário, e validação do modelo de orientação. Encerrada a segunda fase, a modelagem foi concluída. O modelo de orientação possibilitou a análise da tilapicultura de modo sistêmico, gerando um repositório de conhecimento, o qual permite que a cultura seja compreendida, debatida e melhorada, tornando-se um guia aos tilapicultores que desejam adequar-se ao objetivo sustentável. Dessa maneira, as tilapiculturas poderão reduzir a lacuna existente entre a teoria e a prática e eliminar a ausência do conhecimento. / This article aims at the development of an orientation model to guide tilapia breeders towards good practices of breeding in cage ponds recommended by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) and academic literature in order to eliminate the lack of knowledge, which is considered a limiting factor in the development of aquaculture. A qualitative study divided into two phases was conducted. In the first phase the study was exploratory and comprised three stages: review of the literature and FAO, elaboration of an orientation model and FAO, elaboration of an orientation model according to EKD (Enterprise Knowledge Development) method, and elaboration of a questionnaire. The second phase comprehended the observation research and descriptive study, both developed in two stages: observation visits, with the application of the questionnaire, and validation of the orientation model. The modeling was finished after concluding the second phase. The orientation model enabled a systemic analyses of the tilapia breeding, generating a knowledge repository that allowed the culture to be understood, debated and improved. Such a model can seen as a guide to tilapia breeders that intend to fit the sustainable goal. Therefore tilapia cultures can reduce the existing gap between theory and practice as well as eliminate the lack of knowledge.

A presente dissertação tem como objetivo principal desenvolver um modelo de orientação, que norteie os tilapicultores a respeito das boas práticas de produção em tanques-rede indicadas pela FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) e pela literatura acadêmica, a fim de eliminar a ausência do conhecimento, fator considerado limitador para o desenvolvimento da aquicultura. Para tanto, foi aplicado um estudo qualitativo segregado em duas fases. Na primeira, o tipo de estudo adotado foi exploratório. Essa fase foi composta por três etapas: revisão da literatura e FAO, elaboração do modelo de orientação, de acordo com o método EKD (Enterprise Knowledge Development), e elaboração do questionário. Já na segunda fase foi combinada a pesquisa de observação com o estudo descritivo. Foram realizadas duas etapas: visitas de observação, com a aplicação do questionário, e validação do modelo de orientação. Encerrada a segunda fase, a modelagem foi concluída. O modelo de orientação possibilitou a análise da tilapicultura de modo sistêmico, gerando um repositório de conhecimento, o qual permite que a cultura seja compreendida, debatida e melhorada, tornando-se um guia aos tilapicultores que desejam adequar-se ao objetivo sustentável. Dessa maneira, as tilapiculturas poderão reduzir a lacuna existente entre a teoria e a prática e eliminar a ausência do conhecimento. / This article aims at the development of an orientation model to guide tilapia breeders towards good practices of breeding in cage ponds recommended by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) and academic literature in order to eliminate the lack of knowledge, which is considered a limiting factor in the development of aquaculture. A qualitative study divided into two phases was conducted. In the first phase the study was exploratory and comprised three stages: review of the literature and FAO, elaboration of an orientation model and FAO, elaboration of an orientation model according to EKD (Enterprise Knowledge Development) method, and elaboration of a questionnaire. The second phase comprehended the observation research and descriptive study, both developed in two stages: observation visits, with the application of the questionnaire, and validation of the orientation model. The modeling was finished after concluding the second phase. The orientation model enabled a systemic analyses of the tilapia breeding, generating a knowledge repository that allowed the culture to be understood, debated and improved. Such a model can seen as a guide to tilapia breeders that intend to fit the sustainable goal. Therefore tilapia cultures can reduce the existing gap between theory and practice as well as eliminate the lack of knowledge.

隨著資訊科技的蓬勃發展，經由資訊媒介的傳播，造成了企業或組織內部資訊大量的累積。因此，知識倉儲(knowledge repository)可以說是儲存各類型文件的儲存庫，主要用來管理和組織各類型資訊，例如資料庫、報告、文件、表單，都可以數位化方式儲存在知識倉儲，其功能在於進行組織內部各類型文件知識內容管理，進而協助組織提供網路服務(web service)，包括：提供目錄、索引以協助使用者尋找資訊的檢索服務以及辨識和確認資訊位址的定址服務。因此，當知識不斷地從組織運作之中產生，知識與資訊的量也跟著不斷增加，如何管理這些知識就益顯重要，包括知識的表達、結構、儲存與取用方式等。 在這篇論文中，本研究試圖整理對於知識倉儲的『知識結構』之相關或背景知識，並針對文件彼此之間的相互參照關係以及索引典建立知識地圖(knowledge map)，進一步將領域的相關知識，如術語或關連性等資料儲存成有結構性之知識，利用此領域知識對於文件內容附加上有語意關係之處理，在進行資訊檢索時，從而利用領域知識結構以協助使用者準確地檢索與查詢有用或相關之資訊內容。 本研究運用檔案管理全宗理論及控制層級(control level)，提出因應組織結構改變之檔案系統目錄結構，劃分全宗、系列、案卷、文件等層次，知識倉儲系統藉由文件虛擬位址(DL)以及文件實體位址(URL)之對映，以處理組織結構改變之動態文件管理。本研究進一步針對具有關連的一組文件進行案卷內部分類，利用所分析之案卷類型結構，描述具有單一文件以及具有複合文件概念之文件，包括：會議記錄、法令規章等，並運用都柏林核心集(Dublin Core)描述文件資料建立Metadata結構，然後透過索引典(Thesaurus)詞彙語意關係之處理，提供概念性之語意資訊檢索。

在邁入知識經濟的現今社會中，企業的生產要素已轉變為以知識為基礎，而學習正是知識經濟時代增加企業競爭力的最佳利器。隨著科技的發展，線上學習(e-Learning)不論在傳統公司或電子化企業中已扮演著重要不可或缺的角色。線上學習的獨特性不但可使教育訓練的成本降低，更可以配合企業的全球化運作，這些優點吸引了許多公司開始規劃線上訓練。但由於目前線上學習多採用Web(World Wide Web)介面並且必須與網際網路連接，所以有發展上的限制且缺乏行動性。因此本研究將應用行動科技結合學習科技來克服這個問題。 　　本研究希望建構一行動學習設計並且整合知識庫，使得知識學習的來源不再僅侷限於學習教材，更能包含整個組織的知識。另外也設計一搜尋機制希望藉此能有效率地執行行動搜尋。 / In knowledge economy, the key factor of production is knowledge. Learning will be the best effective tool to increase the competitiveness in the knowledge-based economy. With the development of Information Technology, Electronic Learning (e-Learning) becomes important, indispensable in traditional business, and e-business. e-Learning with unique characteristics lowers training costs and makes organizational learning global. These benefits catch the attentions of the company to pursue e-Learning. However, the problem that e-Learning has to be Web-enabled (World Wide Web enabled) and Internet-based creates a technical and managerial barrier limits its development and lack the mobility. In our research, we aim to apply Mobile Technology with Learning Technology to overcome this problem. 　　Our research focuses on the design of a mobile learning (m-Learning) model that supports learning anywhere, anytime and any form. Beside, we develop an approach to integrate with knowledge repository. The learning scope will not be limited to instructional courseware. It includes organizational knowledge. The search assistant helps user to access relevant information with minimal effort and reduce the amount of information that needs to be transmitted.