The overall purpose of this concurrent mixed methods study was to develop an online performance assessment using content questions taken from a reputable seventh and eighth grade standardized assessment that effectively evaluated and allowed preservice middle grades mathematics teachers to demonstrate their mathematics knowledge for teaching in the four main content strands of algebra, probability and statistics, geometry, and number and operations. In addition, this study examined differences in mathematics knowledge for teaching in enrollment characteristics, in courses taken and currently taking, and in three different cohorts, each at different stages in the program, of 122 preservice middle grades mathematics teachers at a large public university in central Texas. Constant comparative analysis and descriptive statistics revealed average scores on the seventh and eighth grade content questions. The middle grades preservice teachers’ content understanding and pedagogical understanding responses indicated several misunderstandings and misinterpretations in the middle grades mathematics they were tested on. Content knowledge, content understanding, and pedagogical understanding together made up a preservice teacher’s mathematics knowledge for teaching. The study revealed that although preservice middle grades teachers could answer a content question correctly; they did not necessarily understand the process they used to arrive at their answer. In addition, their lack of explanation and knowledge of how to complete the problem correctly was transferred to their pedagogical understanding of the same problem. There was a general indication of increasing mathematics knowledge for teaching for each content strand across enrollment characteristics (freshmen, sophomore, etc.) and cohorts. However, there was a noticeable decrease in average mathematics knowledge for teaching scores during middle grades preservice teachers’ junior year. Special integrated mathematics and pedagogy courses (MASC) and the middle grades methods course had the greatest affect on preservice teachers’ mathematics knowledge for teaching each content strand scores. Recommendations are also included in the study which may be used to help shape reform initiatives in teacher education programs throughout the United States.

Thesis (M. Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Copy 2 lacks bibliography. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-118).

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-118). Also available in print.

Begreppet undervisning finns med i förskolans nya reviderade läroplan som träder i kraft 1 juli 2019 och sägs vara en förutsättning för att lärande ska ske. Med fokus på att implementera undervisning i förskolan ställer vi oss undrande till hur begreppet omsorg får sitt utrymme i en framtida undervisningskultur i förskolans värld.Syftet med vår studie är utifrån ett omsorgs och utbildningsperspektiv undersöka hur omsorg kan gestalta sig i undervisningssituationer i möten mellan förskollärare och barn. I vår strävan att undersöka omsorgens synlighet i undervisningssituationer använde vi oss av fältanteckningar från våra kvalitativa icke-deltagande observationer. Dessa fältanteckningar blev underlaget för en innehållsanalys. Vår studie baseras på två teoretiska perspektiv. Noddings omsorgsteoretiska perspektiv och Biestas perspektiv på utbildningens uppdrag för att synliggöra omsorgens uttryck i undervisningssituationer. Resultatet visar att omsorg finns med i undervisningssituationerna men kommer till uttryck på olika sätt och får olikt med utrymme. Resultatet visar även att Noddings omsorgskomponenter ökar sin förekomst i de situationer förskolläraren har sitt fokus på det enskilda barnet än när hens fokus ligger på undervisningen och dess innehåll. / The concept of teaching is included in the pre-school's new revised curriculum which comes into force on 1 July 2019 and is said to be a precondition for learning to happen. With a focus on implementing teaching in pre-school, we wonder how the concept of caring is given its space in a future teaching culture in the preschool world. The purpose of our study is, from a care and education perspective, to examine how caring can manifest itself in educational situations in meetings between preschool teachers and children. In our efforts to investigate the visibility of care in teaching situations, we used the field notes from our qualitative non-participating observations. These field notes were the basis for a content analysis. Our study is based on two theoretical perspectives. Noddings Care Theoretical perspectives and Biesta's perspective on the education's mission to make the expression of care in teaching situations visible. The results show that care is included in the teaching situations but are expressed in different ways and get different with space. The result also shows that Noddings care components increase their incidence in the situations where the preschool teacher has a focus on the individual child than when the hens focus is on the teaching and its content.

Lärare planerar undervisning och väljer vad eleverna ska arbeta med. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka lärares tankar om vilket matematiskt innehåll elever möter samt vilka förmågor elever tränar i arbetet med en uppgift i matematik. Studien genomfördes genom intervjuer med fem lärare som fick svara på frågor kring en uppgift i matematik. De övergripande frågorna handlade om matematiskt innehåll och förmågor, men även uppgiftens koppling till Lgr11 efterfrågades. Lärarnas svar kopplades till de specifika kunskaper som behövs för att undervisa i matematik. Studien visade att lärarna i hög utsträckning sorterade in uppgiften inom området kombinatorik och att de framförallt såg uppgiften som en problemlösningsuppgift. När lärarna diskuterade det matematiska innehållet var det ingen som framhöll kombinatorikens olika generella formler och heller ingen som angav kombinatoriken som en grund för att förstå begreppet sannolikhet. Lärarna motiverade främst användandet av uppgiften med de i kursplanen beskrivna långsiktiga målen, förmågorna, men frågetecken kring hur lärarna tolkar dessa förmågor dök upp under studiens gång. I analysen av uppgiften visade lärarna prov på flera aspekter av Mathematical knowledge for teaching,  även om studien också visade att de specifika kunskaper som krävs för undervisning i matematik kan utvecklas

Although studies of teacher preparation programs have documented positive changes in mathematical knowledge for teaching with preservice teachers in mathematics content courses, this study focused on the impact of a mathematics methods course and follow-up student teaching assignment. The presumption was that preservice teachers would show growth in their mathematical knowledge during methods since the course was structured around active participation in mathematics, research-based pedagogy, and was concurrent with a two-day-per-week field experience in a local elementary school. Survey instruments utilized the computer adaptive test version of the Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching (MKT) measures from the Learning Mathematics for Teaching Project, and the Attitudes and Beliefs (towards mathematics) survey from the Mathematical Education of Elementary Teachers Project. A piecewise growth model analysis was conducted on data collected from 176 participants at 5 time-points (methods, 3 time-points; student teaching, 2 time-points) over a 9 month period. Although the participants' demographics were typical of U.S. undergraduate preservice teachers, findings suggest that initial low-level of mathematical knowledge, and a deep-rooted belief that there is only one way to solve mathematics problems, limited the impact of the methods and student teaching courses. The results from this study indicate that in (a) number sense, there was no significant change during methods (p = .392), but a significant decrease during student teaching (p < .001), and in (b) algebraic thinking, there was a significant decrease during methods (p < .001), but no significant change during student teaching (p = .653). Recommendations include that the minimum teacher preparation program entry requirements for mathematical knowledge be raised and that new teachers participate in continued professional development emphasizing both mathematical content knowledge and reform-based pedagogy to continue to peel away deep-rooted beliefs towards mathematics.

The aim of this thesis is to explore the possibilities of involvement of information and communication technologies in teachers' training. It defines the terms teacher, director, education, mapping interest and availability of teachers of information and communication technologies, but also presents various options that can contribute to teachers' education. It clearly explains how the subsequently used data had been collected. The information obtained from the questionnaires and unstructured interviews were processed and analyzed. Obtained results are further used and compared with the statements. The conclusion summarizes the results and on their basis recommendations are elaborated in the annex, which is intended for the school management, taking into account the different sizes of school. KEY WORDS: Teacher, self teaching, knowledge, abilities, ICT

Mathematical argumentation is fundamental to doing mathematics and developing new knowledge. Working from the view that mathematical argumentation is also integral to teaching and learning mathematics, this study investigated teachers’ use of mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT) to support student participation in mathematical argumentation. Classroom observations were made of three case-study teachers’ implementation of a three-day curriculum unit on mathematical argumentation and supplemented with paper and pencil assessments of teachers’ MKT. Teaching moves, or teachers’ actions directed toward supporting argumentation, were identified as a unit of discourse in which MKT-in-action appeared. Teachers’ MKT showed up in three types of teaching moves including: Revoicing by Reformulation, Responding to Student Difficulties, and Pressing for Generalization in Defining. MKT that was evident in these moves included knowledge of core information in argument, heuristic methods, and vii formulation of mathematical definition through and in argumentation. Findings highlight that supporting mathematical argumentation requires teachers to have a sophisticated understanding of the subject matter as well as how concepts develop through argumentation. Findings have limitations in understanding complex teaching practices by considering MKT as a single factor. The study has implications on teacher learning and MKT assessments. / text

Syftet med föreliggande studie är att beskriva hur det matematiska innehållet beskrivs och förmedlas av lärare vid introduktion av matematiklektioner. Observationer av åtta grundskolelärare har genomförts. Balls, Thames och Phelps (2008) modell för MKT har använts för att sortera och analysera studiens empiri. Resultatet visar att lärarna kombinerar både ämnes- och pedagogiska kunskaper vid introduktion av matematiklektioner. Dock missar samtliga lärare att förklara och förmedla målet med matematiklektionen till eleverna. Resultatet diskuteras utifrån ett pragmatiskt perspektiv och en av slutsatserna som dras är att modellen för MKT kan användas av lärare som underlag vid planering och genomförande av matematiklektioner.

This thesis is an investigation into conceptions of ‘understanding mathematics in depth’, as articulated by two specific groups of novice secondary mathematics teachers in the UK. Most participants in the sample interviewed have completed one of two government funded mathematics subject knowledge enhancement courses, which were devised with an aim of strengthening students’ understanding of fundamental mathematics. Qualitative data was drawn from semi-structured interviews with 21 subjects and more in-depth case studies of two of the sample. The data reveals some key themes common to both groups, and also some clear differences. The data also brings to light some new emergent theory which is particularly relevant in novice teachers’ contexts. To provide background context to this study, quantitative data on pre-service mathematics Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) students is also presented, and it is shown that, at the university in the study, there is no relationship between degree classification on entry to PGCE, and effectiveness as a teacher as measured on exit from the course. The data also shows that there are no significant differences in subject knowledge and overall performance on exit from PGCE, between students who have previously followed a subject knowledge enhancement course, and those who have followed more traditional degree routes.