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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Thomas S. Kuhn: Verständnis und Missverständnis zur Geschichte seiner Rezeption

Rose, Uwe January 2004 (has links)
Zugl.: Göttingen, Univ., Diss., 2004 / Hergestellt on demand
12

Galbraith's paradigm a case study in scientific revolution /

Waldman, Mark Steven, January 1974 (has links)
Thesis--University of Florida. / Description based on print version record. Typescript. Vita. Bibliography: leaves 106-111.
13

Historical and constructive philosophies of science : Kuhn, Bachelard and Canguilhem /

Leung, Chi-keung, Danny. January 1999 (has links)
Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 269-277).
14

Objetividade e racionalidade na filosofia da ciência de Thomas Kuhn

Tozzini, Daniel Laskowski 05 March 2012 (has links)
Resumo: Após o lançamento de seu principal livro, a saber, A Estrutura das Revoluções Científicas, Kuhn tornou-se alvo de acusações de subjetivismo e irracionalismo científico. O objetivo do trabalho é estudar tais acusações, sobretudo, quando relacionadas à escolha entre paradigmas rivais. Para tanto, foram destacados dois episódios marcantes na filosofia da ciência contemporânea: o encontro de Popper e Kuhn, em 1965, transcrito com o título de A Crítica e o Desenvolvimento do Conhecimento; e o livro de Israel Scheffler, Science and Subjectivity, que teve grandes repercussões no pensamento de Kuhn. Com base na análise dos argumentos de cada um dos interlocutores de Kuhn, foram criados grupos de críticas, a partir de um núcleo comum entre eles. Com isto, a racionalidade científica foi identificada sobre diversos ângulos: base empírica, método científico, comunicação, dogmatismo científico, etc. No total, foram identificados oito clusters. Concluiu-se que a racionalidade científica, para Kuhn, parece estar fundamentada, em grande parte, nas mesmas premissas sustentadas por seus críticos. O que não foi compreendido por eles era que não se tratava de questionar a existência da racionalidade científica ela mesma. Tratava-se, sim, de dar importância a outras variáveis que eram vistas até então como meros ruídos, que simplesmente não deveriam entrar na lista de explicações da filosofia da ciência. A racionalidade não deveria ser descartada, mas repensada.
15

Subjetividad, experimentos mentales y ciencia cognitiva: una aproximación kuhneana

Olea Peralta, Luis January 2011 (has links)
El presente trabajo aborda, desde un punto de vista histórico, el lugar que el estudio de la conciencia subjetiva ocupa y cómo puede ser descrito en términos de los problemas que presenta para el paradigma científico cognitivista. Para tal propósito, la teoría del desarrollo científico de Thomas Kuhn (1971) constituye un enfoque fundamental por su profunda comprensión de las características de la investigación científica. Según Kuhn, el estado de una disciplina científica, en un momento dado, no se constituye sobre la base de la suma de los descubrimientos y teorías anteriores. Es decir, desde su punto de vista no hay un desarrollo acumulativo de los hallazgos y teorías, como desde una concepción tradicional podría entenderse. Por el contrario, la ciencia se desarrolla a través de la sucesión de modos incompatibles de investigación, fenómeno denominado revolución científica. Además, cada disciplina ejerce su actividad en el marco de un paradigma, término que se refiere a la “constelación de creencias, valores, técnicas, etc., que comparten los miembros de una comunidad dada” (Kuhn, 1971: 269). El paradigma determina los problemas a estudiarse así como las teorías y reglas para resolverlos. En este sentido, se pretende aplicar estas nociones en el análisis histórico de la Ciencia Cognitiva como disciplina científica conformada bajo un paradigma.
16

A pesquisa educacional e a concepção "kuhniana" da ciencia : o caso das teses de doutorado da FE/UNICAMP

Ramos Lamar, Adolfo 27 February 1998 (has links)
Orientador: Silvio Ancizar Sanchez Gamboa / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-23T11:13:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RamosLamar_Adolfo_D.pdf: 17694163 bytes, checksum: b278c63dc0c9b75f7a6eed2e4fc84993 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998 / Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo verificar e analisar as idéias de T. S. Kuhn (1922-1996) sobre os "paradigmas" e a "revolução científica" presentes nas teses de doutorado da Faculdade de Educação (FE) da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), no período 1984-1996. A tese foi elaborada tendo como base o levantamento bibliográfico e a análise epistemológica das nove teses escolhidas à luz de diversos autores que, de uma forma ou de outra, abordam a concepção "kuhniana" da ciência. Os resultados da pesquisa, mostram que na produção de teses de doutorado na FE são pouco tratados os problemas epistemológicos da Educação e apresentam certo retardo com relação ao "estado da arte", em outras áreas do conhecimento que manifestam permanentes discussões sobre as concepções epistemológicas. Esta pesquisa busca contribuir para a identificação e estudo dos múltiplos fatores que têm influído no estudo filosófico da ciência e da tecnologia na FE/UNICAMP; procura também alertar para a necessidade da discussão epistemológica e seus desdobramentos na busca do aprimoramento da pesquisa e do ensino na Educação e destacar a importância da avaliação da trajetória da produção científica e a compreensão das condições em que tem estado inserida, visando à melhoria das mesmas em prol de uma melhor qualificação da produção científica na Educação / Doutorado / Filosofia e História da Educação / Doutor em Educação
17

A imagem de ciencia de Thomas Kuhn e a noção de objetividade cientifica : contribuição a historia de uma mudança conceitual em processo

Penna-Forte, Marcelo do Amaral 07 May 2001 (has links)
Orientador: Jose Carlos Pinto de Oliveira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-28T21:54:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Penna-Forte_MarcelodoAmaral_M.pdf: 7265851 bytes, checksum: 4f28a430a00d726f014509c3fec8a452 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: Não informado / Abstract: Not informed. / Mestrado / Mestre em Filosofia
18

An analysis of Doppelt's defense of Kuhnian relativism as applied to the chemical revolution

Foulks, Frederick Spencer January 1991 (has links)
Doppelt defends the key elements of Kuhn's thesis that scientific revolutions occur when one paradigm is replaced by another and that crucial aspects of competing paradigms are incommensurable. He concedes the merits in the views of those positivist critics of Kuhn who contend that for paradigms to be comparable their proponents must be able to communicate with one another, to agree on a common core of meaning for basic concepts and to deal with shared data and problems. However, he maintains that in identifying the problems which are held to be of fundamental importance and in adopting the standards by which explanatory adequacy is to be evaluated, rival paradigms do not overlap sufficiently for them to have genuine commensurability. This leads Doppelt to accept Kuhn's version of epistemological relativism which maintains that the rationality of the acceptance of new paradigms by the scientific community, at least in the short-run, has an irreducible normative dimension that is strongly conditioned by subjective factors. Doppelt also accepts Kuhn's views with respect to the loss of data, and the question of cumulative progress. The absence of paradigm-neutral external standards allegedly allows each paradigm to assign priority to its own internal standards, thus providing persuasive grounds for the incommensurability of competing paradigms and for epistemological relativism. Nevertheless, he acknowledges that the validity of these arguments over the long term is a contingent issue which can only be resolved by a careful examination of the historical evidence. A chemical revolution took place in the latter part of the eighteenth century when the oxygen theory replaced that based on hypothetical phlogiston. This transition is frequently cited as a typical example of a paradigm - one that illustrates Kuhn's claims for a shift in standards and a loss of data as central features of scientific revolutions. The phlogiston theory held that phlogiston was a normal constituent of air. It explained smelting as the transfer of phlogiston from the air (or from phlogiston-rich charcoal) to the earthy components of the ore, and held that the similar properties of the metallic products could be attributed to their phlogiston content. Combustion, including the calcination of metals and the respiration of living organisms, was viewed as a process involving the release of phlogiston to the atmosphere. The development of improved techniques for collecting gases and for measuring their volume and weight lead to emphasis on precise quantitative methods for evaluating chemical data as distinct from those based on simple quantitative descriptive observations. These developments soon posed difficulties for the phlogiston theory (eg.,the anomalous weight loss during combustion). Eventually, clarification of the composition of water and the use of the 'nitrous air1 test for the ability of a gas to support combustion and respiration (its 'goodness') led to the discovery of oxygen as a component of air and the demonstration that combustion involved combination with an exact quantity of this gas. Within a relatively short period of time, the oxygen theory gained general acceptance and the phlogiston theory was abandoned by most chemists. A critical examination of the events which culminated in the chemical revolution fails to bear out the claim that it was accompanied by a significant loss of empirical data or that it did not represent genuine cumulative progress in scientific knowledge. Instead the history of this revolution indicates that paradigm-neutral external standards for evaluating explanatory adequacy (conservatism, modesty, simplicity, generality, internal and external coherence, refutability, precision, successful predictions) were available and played a crucial role in bringing about this transition. Accumulating evidential warrant played the decisive role in the triumph of the oxygen theory. / Arts, Faculty of / Philosophy, Department of / Graduate
19

Beliefs and the Scientific Enterprise: a Framework Model Based on Kuhn's Paradigms, Polanyi's Commitment Framework, and Radnitzky's Internal Steering Fields

Joldersma, Clarence W. January 1982 (has links)
A signed LAC Non-Exclusive License form from this author is pending. / In this thesis I attempt to develop an alternative to the logical positivist's image of science, which attempts to exclude beliefs from scientific investigations. First I set the problem up by describing what the positivists mean by belief and how they attempt to exclude belief through the use of the scientific method. I begin to develop an alternative by examining the views of three philosophers of science: Thomas S. Kuhn, Michael Polanyi, and Gerard Radnitzky. Each of them provides an alternative to the positivistic conception of science by suggesting that scientific research is surrounded by a framework of tacit beliefs. I present each view in the following way. First I describe the background and context for the framework hypothesis; then I explain the framework itself, including discussions on the nature of the framework, how it is acquired, its role in visible scientific activity, and how switches from one framework to another occur; finally I assess each person's insights, including each's relevance for my thesis. The examination of these views sets the stage for my last chapter. Here I briefly compare the three thinkers, noting similarities and differences. Then I highlight each thinker's unique insights. Finally, I present a brief description of what I believe is a viable alternative to the positivistic image of science, based on the work of the three philosophers.
20

La racionalidad científica en la perspectiva de la racionalidad limitada : el aporte de John Dewey y Thomas Kuhn a la comprensión de la ciencia

Orozco Contreras, Richard Antonio 21 October 2013 (has links)
En la historia de la filosofía, se pueden reconocer épocas indeleblemente marcadas por la necesidad de comprender un complejo proceso de cambios, con alcances sociales y políticos. Allí están las disquisiciones filosóficas del siglo II D.C., tratando de hacer comprensibles las relaciones entre la filosofía y el cristianismo naciente. También encajan en dicha descripción los escritos filosóficos del siglo XII que procuraban hacer viable una relación entre el aristotelismo, recién llegado de oriente, y la filosofía cristiana asentada en occidente. En mi opinión, son casos emblemáticos de tal historiografía: el conjunto de escritos filosóficos del siglo XVI encaminados a comprender la modernidad y la ciencia, así como los escritos del siglo XVIII esclareciendo el siglo de las luces. / Tesis

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