Generally, the issue of valuation of listed buildings has been long discussed, probably because here more than anywhere else depends on perspective on the price of real estate, the purpose for which the price is to be determined and the type of price or value to be determined or set. The goal of this thesis is to make an appraisement of a specific non-standard realty, using both the market value method and the determined value method. The realties of interest are: The Lukavec chateau, the memorial of Antonín Sova and the chateau park including utilities and landscaping. The first part of the thesis is mainly focused on the problematics and methodology of calculating the market value based on collation to the comparable realties. The theoretical part of the thesis is analyzing the problematics of appraisement of the heritage listed realties, non-commercial realties, non-construction lands, permanently overgrown lands, brownfields, cemetery realties and the genius loci phenomenon.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-27T13:44:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosEduardoRochaDuarteAlencar_TESE.pdf: 5420561 bytes, checksum: 7adb44a6f91e7ed1f5abb1941d322150 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-31T14:30:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosEduardoRochaDuarteAlencar_TESE.pdf: 5420561 bytes, checksum: 7adb44a6f91e7ed1f5abb1941d322150 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-31T14:30:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosEduardoRochaDuarteAlencar_TESE.pdf: 5420561 bytes, checksum: 7adb44a6f91e7ed1f5abb1941d322150 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O assoreamento ? um problema historicamente reconhecido nos ecossistemas costeiros/marinhos. Nas ?ltimas d?cadas, o ritmo acelerado do assoreamento vem afetando a biota, principalmente, atrav?s da perda de diversidade de habitat e redu??o do crescimento de produtores prim?rios e efeitos indiretos nas comunidades marinhas. As respostas de uma assembl?ia de siris (Arenaeus cribarius, Callinectes danae e C. ornatus) em uma enseada subtropical da Plataforma Sudeste brasileira, Enseada da Fortaleza, com acentuado assoreamento de fra??es sedimentares finas, em um intervalo de 20 anos (1989-2009), foram avaliadas. O processo de assoreamento foi detectado a partir da investiga??o de dados in situ e inspe??o geotecnol?gica. Quatro principais causas para a ocorr?ncia de assoreamento foram sugeridas: (1) sedimentos oriundos do estu?rio local (2) hidrodinamismo oce?nico (3) resuspens?o sedimentar por retra??o de correntes marinhas e (4) a??es antr?picas diversas. Redu??o da variabilidade sedimentar e varia??es de temperatura de fundo da coluna de ?gua ocasionaram respostas distintas na ocorr?ncia e densidade das esp?cies. Al?m disso, investiga??es sobre a ocorr?ncia de padr?es competitivos exclusivos entre as esp?cies fortaleceram a prerrogativa de que a modula??o das esp?cies de caranguejos e siris ? fortemente associada aos parametros abi?ticos locais. A. cribarius apresentou uma resposta levemente positiva em abund?ncia e n?mero de ocorr?ncias, C. danae apresentou uma resposta est?tica, enquanto C. ornatus, a esp?cie dominante, apresentou uma forte resposta negativa de abund?ncia. Em adi??o, a implementa??o de medidas regulat?rias para explora??o dos recursos marinhos, localmente, foram essenciais para a manuten??o das tr?s esp?cies de siris. Os efeitos do assoreamento na resposta da assembl?ia de Portunoidea provavelmente ser?o irrevers?veis, no entanto, a capacidade de resili?ncia do ecossistema costeiro ainda ? pouco conhecido, assim, estudos que avaliem a din?mica e transporte de fra??es finas do sedimento podem auxiliar nas capacidades preditivas de modelos de distribui??o das esp?cies para as pr?ximas d?cadas.

This diploma thesis analyses technical heritage sites near the town of České Budějovice. The analysis also comprises an assessment of the current status of utilisation of these technical heritage sites in travel industry. A utilization plan of technical heritage sites as travel industry products was also formed on the basis of primary and secondary sources.

El proyecto tiene como objetivo principal crear un hito urbano que sirva como espacio articulador y a la vez sea un lugar de permanencia para los ciudadanos próximos y turistas que lo visten. El proyecto arquitectónico además de crear una relación directa con la ciudad aprovecha el borde costero existente para impulsar una nueva arquitectura que se adapte de manera formal y funcional en el lugar. / The main objetive of the project is to create an urban milestone that serves as an articulating space and at the same time is a place of permanence for nearby citizens and tourists who dress it. The architectural Project in addition to creating a direct relationship with the city it takes advantage of the existing coastal Edge to drive a new architecture that a dapts formally and functionally on site. / Tesis

El proyecto Nuevo Mercado Municipal de Tingo María nace de la necesidad que le urge la ciudad por tener un ordenamiento territorial, las malas condiciones del actual mercado hacen que muchos comerciantes tengan que vender sus productos de manera informal en los alrededores siendo perjudicada la alameda central de la ciudad. Se plantea un nuevo mercado que beneficie no solo al comerciante sino a todas las personas que visiten el centro de abasto, garantizando la actividad comercial y también la experiencia de recorrer los espacios interiores debidamente estudiados para brindar un confort a todos sus usuarios. La importancia de generar un nuevo hito en la ciudad con un mercado que refleje una identidad y que responda su entorno, para esto se enfatizó en el uso de la materialidad que componen su infraestructura tanto interior como exteriormente, tales como es la madera, además del uso de colores propio reflejo de la variedad que se puede encontraren los productos que se ofrecen dentro de un mercado. / The New Municipal Market of Tingo María project was born from the need that the city urges to have a territorial order, the poor conditions of the current market make many merchants have to sell their products informally in the surroundings, being damaged the central avenue of the city. A new market is proposed that benefits not only the merchant but all the people who visit the supply center, guaranteeing commercial activity and also the experience of visiting the interior spaces duly studied to provide comfort to all its users. The importance of generating a new landmark in the city with a market that reflects an identity and responds to its environment, for this the use of the materiality that makes up its infrastructure both internally and externally was emphasized, such as wood, in addition to the use of own colors reflection of the variety that can be found in the products offered within a market. / Tesis

This thesis is about biometric 3D face recognition . A general biometric system as well as functioning of biometric system are present . Techniques used in 2D and 3D face recognition are described . Finally , an automatic biometric system for 3D face recognition is proposed and implemeted . This system divide face for areas by position of detected landmarks . Particular areas are compared separately . Final system fusion results from Eigenfaces and ARENA algorithms .

Jag är född och uppvuxen i en liten by som heter Dyvik och som ligger precis innanför Ljusterö i mellersta/norra stockholms skärgård. Jag har alltid vistats mycket i skärgården både kring platsen där jag växte upp men även runtom i hela skärgården då jag hela mitt liv har seglat mycket. Stockholms skärgård är där mina rötter ligger och jag har alltid velat göra ett projekt som utgår ifrån mig själv och platsen där jag kommer ifrån och som har format mig.Stockholms skärgård har dessutom förutom ett fantastiskt och i många fall unikt naturliv dessutom ett rikt kulturarv. Det finns en enorm mängd historia och närheten till Stockholms stad gör platsen mycket speciell. Staden och havet. Jag ville skapa en byggnad som på något sätt skulle handla om skärgårdens själ och anda både i utformning och i program, men utan att fastna i speciella typologier eller ramar. Ett politiskt kulturcentrum inriktat på den kultur och den historia skärgården har, men med plats för kontemporär skärgårdskultur och moderna utställningar. Ett komplex med utställningshallar i olika storlekar, salar för konserter, föreläsningar, möten, och rum där man kan ha olika workshops för att bevara de speciella hantverkskulturer som finns i skärgården. Men byggnaden skall även innehålla rum för en ny politisk instans som skall kunna verka över kommungränserna och ge dem boende i skärgården mer direkt makt över sin närmiljö och den problematik skärgården står inför. Ett kulturellt och politiskt landmärke och en manifestation för skärgårdskulturen / I am born and raised in a village named Dyvik, located in the central northern part of Stockholm Archipelago. I have always spent a lot of time in the archipelago, especially since I have been sailing all my life. The Archipelago is where my roots are, and I have always wanted to make a project that evolves around what made me who I am today. The Stockholm Archipelago has an amazing nature, and wildlife, but also an exciting cultural heritage. The vicinity to both the city and the sea has made the place full of history and culture. I wanted to create a structure where the residents of the Archipelago could meet and discuss the problems of their region, explore the rich cultural heritage, and experience contemporary archipelagic art and craftmanship. I wanted to capture the spirit of the Archipelago without getting stuck in certain typologies or framework. A structure with exhibitionhalls of different sizes, auditoriums for meetings, lectures and concerts. A workshop where the craftmanship could be thought to coming generations. A marketplace where people could sell fish, and vegetables, or art and crafts. A meeting place. A political and cultural landmark.

Nos travaux portent sur la réduction de la dose de rayonnement lors d'examens réalisés avec le Système de radiologie EOS. Deux approches complémentaires sont étudiées. Dans un premier temps, nous proposons une méthode de débruitage et de rehaussement de contraste conjoints pour optimiser le compromis entre la qualité des images et la dose de rayons X. Nous étendons le filtre à moyennes non locales pour restaurer les images EOS. Nous étudions ensuite comment combiner ce filtre à une méthode de rehaussement de contraste multi-échelles. La qualité des images cliniques est optimisée grâce à des fonctions limitant l'augmentation du bruit selon la quantité d’information locale redondante captée par le filtre. Dans un deuxième temps, nous estimons des indices d’exposition (EI) sur les images EOS afin de donner aux utilisateurs un retour immédiat sur la qualité de l'image acquise. Nous proposons ainsi une méthode reposant sur la détection de points de repère qui, grâce à l'exploitation de la redondance de mesures locales, est plus robuste à la présence de données aberrantes que les méthodes existantes. En conclusion, la méthode de débruitage et de rehaussement de contraste conjoints donne des meilleurs résultats que ceux obtenus par un algorithme exploité en routine clinique. La qualité des images EOS peut être quantifiée de manière robuste par des indices calculés automatiquement. Étant donnée la cohérence des mesures sur des images de pré-affichage, ces indices pourraient être utilisés en entrée d'un système de gestion automatique des expositions. / We aim at reducing the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) dose limits for images acquired with EOS full-body system by means of image processing techniques. Two complementary approaches are studied. First, we define a post-processing method that optimizes the trade-off between acquired image quality and X-ray dose. The Non-Local means filter is extended to restore EOS images. We then study how to combine it with a multi-scale contrast enhancement technique. The image quality for the diagnosis is optimized by defining non-parametric noise containment maps that limit the increase of noise depending on the amount of local redundant information captured by the filter. Secondly, we estimate exposure index (EI) values on EOS images which give an immediate feedback on image quality to help radiographers to verify the correct exposure level of the X-ray examination. We propose a landmark detection based approach that is more robust to potential outliers than existing methods as it exploits the redundancy of local estimates. Finally, the proposed joint denoising and contrast enhancement technique significantly increases the image quality with respect to an algorithm used in clinical routine. Robust image quality indicators can be automatically associated with clinical EOS images. Given the consistency of the measures assessed on preview images, these indices could be used to drive an exposure management system in charge of defining the optimal radiation exposure.

A requirement for safe autonomous driving is to have an accurate global localization of the ego vehicle. Methods based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) are the most common but are not precise enough in areas without good satellite signals. Instead, methods likelandmark-based localization (LBL) can be used. In LBL, sensors onboard the vehicle detectlandmarks near the vehicle. With these detections, the vehicle’s position is deduced by looking up matching landmarks on a high-definition map. Commonly found along roads, stretching for long distances, guardrails are a great landmark that can be used for LBL. In this thesis, two different methods are proposed to detect and vectorize guardrails from vehicle sensor data to enable future map matching for LBL. The first method uses semantically labeled LiDAR data with pre-classified guardrail LiDAR points as input data. The method is based on the DBSCAN clustering algorithm to cluster and filter out false positives from the pre-classified LiDAR points. The second algorithm uses raw LiDAR data as input. The algorithm finds guardrail candidate points by segmenting high-densityareas and matching these with thresholds taken from the geometry of guardrails. Similar to the first method, these are then clustered into guardrail clusters. The clusters are then vectorized into the wanted output of a 2D vector, corresponding to points inside the guardrail with aspecific interval. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms, simulations from real-life data are analyzed in both a quantitative and qualitative way. The qualitative experiments showcase that both methods perform well even in difficult scenarios. Timings of the simulations show that both methods are fast enough to be applicable in real-time use cases. The defined performance measures show that the method using raw LiDAR data is more robust and manages to detect more and longer parts of the guardrails.

Urbana miljöers komplexitet och rörelse kräver noga planerad ljussättning och omsorgsfull prioritering i samspelet mellan att lyfta fram viktiga element och lämna andra åt sidan. För att minska risken för överbelysning genom ljussättning av objekt med stor ljushetskontrast mot dess bakgrund bör alternativa metoder för att framhäva landmärken i stadsrum utredas. Detta examensarbete undersöker hur upplevelsen av mindre urbana landmärken påverkas av ljushetskontraster i dess bakgrund. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur landmärkenas bakgrundsbelysning utformas idag, samt hur framhävning av landmärken påverkas av ljuskontrasten i dess bakgrund. Genom att använda ljussättning av landmärkenas bakgrundsmiljö som ett verktyg, syftar studien till att bidra till att skapa en tydlig och lättförståelig orientering genom stadsmiljön under mörka timmar.  Studien genomfördes i tre delmoment genom ett fältexperiment, intervjuer och ett kvasi-experiment. Observation av utvalda urbana objekt och dess omgivning genomfördes i fältexperimentet. Detta följt av två semistrukturerade intervjuer kring ljusdesigners beaktningstagande av bakgrunden vid ljussättning av landmärken i urban miljö. Vid observation av studiens kvasi-experiment analyserades generella miljöer med olika bakgrundsprinciper i en iscensatt urban miljö.  Resultaten av studien visar att olika stort beaktningstagande tas angående ljussättningen av urbana objekts omgivning, beroende på tidigare erfarenhet av ljusplanering. Studiens kvasi-experiment visade att ljushetskontrasten mellan ett urbant objekt och dess bakgrund, tillsammans med ljushetskontraster och formen på ljusbilderna inom bakgrunden, påverkar hur objektet uppfattas. Resultaten indikerar att en ljussättning av en urban miljö, med hänsyn till ovanstående faktorer, har påverkan på upplevelsen av objekten i miljön. Då bakgrunden är ljussatt lågmält, symmetriskt och då hela bakgrunden är definierbar ges en uppfattning om den omgivande miljön, vilket gör att objektet framhävs. / The complexity and movement of urban environments require carefully planned lighting and prioritization in the interplay between highlighting important elements and leaving others aside. In order to reduce the risk of over-lighting by lighting objects with a large brightness contrast against their background, alternative methods for highlighting landmarks in urban spaces should be investigated. This thesis examines how the experience of smaller urban landmarks is affected by brightness contrasts in its background. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the background lighting of landmarks is designed and is being designed today, as well as how highlighting of landmarks is affected by the light contrast in its background. By using lighting of the landmarks background environment as a tool, the study aims to help create a clear and easy-to-understand orientation through the urban environment during dark hours.  The study was carried out in three phases through a field experiment, interviews and a final quasi-experiment. An observation of selected urban objects and their areas was carried out in the field experiment, followed by two semi-structured interviews regarding lighting designers consideration of the background when lighting landmarks in an urban environment. When observing the studys quasi-experiment, general environments with different background principles were analyzed in a staged urban environment.  The results of the study show that varying degrees of consideration are taken regarding the lighting of urban objects surroundings, depending on previous experience with lighting planning. The studys quasi-experiment showed that the brightness contrast between an urban object and its background, together with brightness contrasts and the shape of the light images within the background, affects how the object is perceived. The results indicate that the lighting of an urban environment, taking these factors into account, has an impact on the experience of the objects in the environment. When the background is lit softly, symmetrically, and when the entire background is definable, an idea of the surrounding environment is given, which makes the object emphasized.