Taiwan society had evolved in the past 15 years, and the citizens had more opportunities to participate in puclic policy decisions.However, the formation of the policy about Mainland China in Taiwan is a very diffcult thing. A lot of different opinions and ideology we can not control. Coping with Mainland China affairs is invitable to Taiwan. No matter economic, politics or society, Taiwan always faces the menace of the Mainland China. Therefore, making a good Mainland China policy is important. Cohering a common comsensus is also essential.And Social Judgment Theory is a descriptive and normative approach to judgment and decision making developed by Kenneth Hammond (1965,1975,1996) on the basis of Lens Model. Social Judgment Theory has been applied to the analysis of multiple cue probability learning, interpersonal conflict, interpersonal learning, and social policy decisions. It has also produced the policy decision aid. Moreover, Social Judgment Theory emphasizes that the¡§Judgment¡¨is generally more effective (reaches a higher achievement level), and more efficient(reaches a given achievement level more quickly) by utilizing of cognitive feedback while making decision. In this study, a serious of simulated decision maing tast about importing Mainland China talent and the Social Jugdement Theory and Cognition Conflict Paradigm have been employed and tested by way of a laboratory quasi-experiment. The research prove : 1.Cognitive feedback is more effective than outcome feedback in regard to the improvement of individual decision quality. 2. Dual cognitive feedback is more effective than outcome feedback in regard to the improvement of individual decision quality. 3.Dual cognitive feedback is more effective than outcome feedback in regard to the elimination of cognitive conflict. Comparing Taiwan with Mainland China MPA students, we can find the students in Taiwan and Mainland China are all concerning about the cues variable of polotics. They all think the politics is the most important variable about the strait affairs.

A novel lensed plastic optical fiber (LPOF) scheme to achieve the high coupling efficiency with a long working distance between the light source and LPOF is proposed. The advantages of the proposed LPOF are demonstrated by proofs of the experiment. In this study, an aspheric convex-concave plastic lens (CCPLs) is bonded with a flattened end of the plastic fiber by using the laser transmission welding (LTW) to form an aspheric-endface fiber. The working distance between the light source and LPOF can be increased with high coupling efficiency by the design of the CCPLs. According to the proposed design in this study, the working distance and the coupling efficiency can reach to 300£gm and 80%, separately. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the LTW can achieve a high welding strength and a small heat affected zone that meets the commercial utilization. But the LTW technology has some restrictions, the disadvantages of the LTW technology are improved in this study to spread the application of the laser welding.

The fiber-optics communication device with a plastic optical fiber (POF) has become a technology of increasing interests. The attenuation of commercial available POF has been improved to tens of decibels per kilometer. Due to its flexibility and high alignment efficiency, it has been widely used in many areas. In this study, different end shapes of POF have been proposed to increase the coupling efficiency of a POF from a surface emitting LED. Both the experiments and a ray tracing simulation are performed to investigate the coupling scheme. Experimental results also illustrate the feasibility of using ray tracing model in POF end shapes design. The effect of ball fiber lens on coupling efficiency is studied first. Lens material is EPO-TEK 353ND two parts epoxy. The result indicates that the ball fiber lens can improve the coupling efficiency significantly. A more impact end shape modified from the ball fiber lens is proposed in this study, i.e. a thin tip-rounded fiber lens. Numerical and experimental results show the tip can work as good as a ball fiber lens does. A reflection-styled end shape has also been proposed in this thesis, i.e. a taper-ended POF. In this design, the taper edge serves as a reflector to bend the rays incident on it by total internal reflection. The maximum efficiency achieves a great improvement from the previous design. Further study on the various fiber types with different sizes and numerical apertures have also been studied by the ray tracing model.

In this study, 14 days old lentil seedlings (Lens culinaris Medik cv. Sultan), which were subjected to 7 days of drought (20% PEG 6000), and salt (150 mM NaCl ) stress , were examined in a comparative manner for the effects of drought and salt stress treatments. In shoot and root tissues physiological parameters such as wet-dry weight, relative water content, root-shoot lengths, membrane electrolyte leakage, and lipid peroxidation in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. H2O2 content, proline accumulation and chlorophyll fluorescence analysis were also performed. Changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD: EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT: EC 1.11.1.6) ascorbate peroxidase (APX: EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (GR: EC 1.6.4.2) were observed upon stress treatments. In salt treated lentil seedlings, significant decreases in wet-dry weight, RWC, shoot-root length and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements indicated a sensitivity, when compared to drought treated plants. Higher MDA concentration and higher electrolyte leakage amounts are supported these results. APX, GR and proline seem to play important roles in antioxidant defense against salt stress for both tissues by removing reactive oxygen species and protecting macromolecules and membranes. GR and proline are also maintains the main protective mechanism against drought stress effects. SOD is active in drought stressed roots and salt stressed shoots, where the H2O2 contents are also observed to be increased.

In this study, the effects of different plant growth regulators on regeneration responses of various lentil explants through direct and indirect organogenesis and through somatic embryogenesis from calli and cell suspension cultures were investigated. Shoot regeneration was obtained in low frequencies from longitudinal embryonic axis explants and nodal buds of epicotyls, however whole plant regeneration was unsuccessful. Conditions provided for indirect organogenesis resulted only in swelling of hypocotyls and root directed ends of internodes and weak callus formation on leaves which were followed by tissue browning and necrosis. In somatic embryogenesis studies, the explants longitudinal embryonic axis and cotyledonary petioles produced soft and friable calli on MS media with Gamborg&rsquo / s vitamins supplemented with 0.75mg/L 2,4-D+0.5mg/L BA. The highest average number of embryos per explant, 12.36 was observed on media containing 0.75mg/L BA +0.5mg/L 2,4-D for cotyledonary petiole explants, whereas 3mg/L BA+1mg/L NAA was the only hormone combination that allowed embryo development to some extent, in both explants. Somatic callus failed to regenerate despite globular embryo formation and embryo development to some extent. Combination of sonication treatment with Agrobacterium transformation of three lentil explants / cotyledonary nodes, half cotyledons and cotyledonary nodes with intact shoots, had no effect on the improvement of transient gus gene expression on explants. Sonication treatment was also unable to form localized wounds on the petiole axils. The best gus gene expression on the axil region was obtained when cotyledonary nodes and KYRT1 strain were used in combination with vacuum infiltration and scalpel wounding of the axils. Gradual selection and repeated removal of regenerated shoots between selection cycles increased the number of gus expressing shoots significantly. The regenerated shoots were grafted on root stocks and whole plant regeneration was achieved in greenhouse conditions. By the use of the optimized Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol, 4 independent lines were obtained with 2.3% transformation efficiency. Southern blot analysis confirmed the integration of the gus gene into the genome of lentil plants. T0 plants were fertile and all plants showed Mendelian segregation of the gus gene in 3:1 ratio to their progenies except one line which carries three copies of the gene. Reverse transcription PCR has confirmed the expression of the genes in T0 and T1 generations. T0 plants and the following three generations strongly expressed gus gene uniformly in their tissues and the PCR amplifications of both gus and npt-II genes was successful through generations.

In the polyol pathway, Aldose reductase (AR) is an important enzyme in reduction of aldehydes and aldosugars to their suitable alcohols. AR, using NADPH as a coenzyme, has a molecular weight of 37 000 dalton. AR in its activated form, known to increase the sorbitol accumulation in lens, is responsible for the cataract formation in diabetis diseases. Therefore, the inhibition of aldose reductase is important to prevent the incedence of cataract formation in diabetus mellitus. In the treatment of diabetis dependent cataract, chemically synthetized drugs were sometimes less than beneficial due to the severe side effects they cause. Recently a huge amount of study has been intensified on developing new drugs from natural compounds and even by utilizing plant extracts for their easily metabolizing polyphenolic compounds. In this study, BLAR, source of enzyme, was obtained as crude via differential centrifugation and ammonium sulfate precipitation. The enzyme assay conditions were optimized for the protein, substrate, coenzyme, and salt concentrations, also for the effects of pH and temperature. Ocimum basilicum, Lavandula stoechas, Melissa officinalis, Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and Tilia tomentosa were selected as commonly used alternative medicine plants. Plant extracts were prepared in ethanol and ethyl acetate and their inhibitory effects were tested on crude bovin lens aldose reductase enzyme. Fifty percent inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were found between values of 25.53 &micro / g/mL and 54.15 &micro / g/mL for ethanol extracts and between 41.55 &micro / g/mL and 82.96 &micro / g/mL for the ethyl acetate extracts of selected plants. In addition, the plant extracts were also characterized for their antioxidant activities by of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method and test of total phenolic content (TPC) .

We study the characteristics of the dual frequency liquid-crystal (LC) optoelectronic devices in this literary. We fabricate the LC lens with the dual frequency liquid crystal in our experiment. In this study, we first prepare a parabolic polymer structure on the glass substrate to form a polymeric lens glass, then, fill the dual-frequency LC into the empty cell which consists of one ITO glass and the polymeric lens glass to fabricate a frequency modulation LC lens. Additionally, a hybrid surface alignment is also used for our LC lens. For the dual-frequency LC, a hybrid surface alignment is necessary to obtain a frequency modulation LC lens. Because of the polymeric lens, the electric fields are inhomogeneous distributions in the LC lens when a voltage is applied to the electrodes. In this situation, an inhomogeneous electric field is applied to the cell to create GRIN lens-like distribution of the gradient refractive index. Thus, the focusing effects occur when the light passes through the LC lens. Moreover, by changing the amplitude and frequency of the applied voltage, the focal length of the LC lens can be changed. We mainly discuss the optical property and the response time of the LC lens based on the voltage modulation and the frequency modulation. The experimental results reveal that the frequency modulation has more advantages, such as widen range of controlled focal length and faster response time, comparing with the voltage modulation.

¡@Because the public take account of ecological and environmental protection, there are many conflicts between the public and constructors to trigger many obstacles and duels in construction of many infrastructures. Thus, tradeoff between environment, lives, property and economic benefits is a big problem. In the researches of plural public affairs decision making and cognition impact management problems, practical researches found that Hammond(1965, 1975, 1996) developed SJT(Social Judgement Theory) from Lens model and had significant effects and contributions for analysis of public affairs decision making. The thesis uses SJT and studies cognition conflict management on representative case of environmental protection ¡¥the construction of CPC Yung-An LNG¡¦ in Taiwan. ¡@CPC Yung-An LNG began construction in May in 1984. Because environmental consciousness rose, the public gave relief to themselves when encountering environmental pollution. Negligence of communication with the village and of good-neighborliness makes the village not make allow and trigger Yung-An village dueled. This study bases on economic environment, gathers relative literatures and presents four controversial and representative topic for decision variables. They are individually ¡¥X1(benefit of construction of the firm)¡¦ and ¡¥X2(subsidies for the residents)¡¦ for economy, ¡¥X3(threat for ecology and environment)¡¦ for environment and ¡¥X4(threat for lives and property)¡¦ for both economy and society. ¡@This study uses SJT on the construction of ¡¥CPC Yung-An LNG¡¦ for cognition conflict management. The results are as below: (i)Government has higher stability and consistency of making decision than the residents. (ii)Government and the residents have significant difference for weight mean values of X1, X2 and X4. And they are the conflicts between them. (iii)Men and women have no significant difference for weight mean values of all decision variables. (iv)The older deciders have higher emphasis on X3 than the younger. But they have no significant difference for weight mean values of the other decision variables. (v)Lower educational background deciders have higher emphasis on X4, and there is no significant difference for all the other decision variables. (vi)There is no significant difference for weight mean values of all decision variables between core and border area. ¡@Finally, the study gets the judging principles of government and the residents. They are ¡¦average weights¡¦ and ¡¥function types¡¦ of all decision variables. Then, we use ¡¥specify¡¦ on Policy PC 3.0 software to make estimated judging table for all decision situations for government and the residents. Looking into the table can estimate the acceptance of government and the residents for all combinations of decision variables when making policies. We also can use the table to estimate the change of acceptance of government and the residents when any decision variables improve, and the authorizations can use the resources for the most efficient and effective applications when proposing improving methods.

Abstract ¡§The industry is the basis of financial industry and the financial industry is the industrial backing¡¨. The industry and the finance should originally complement one another, interdependence. However, bilateral trade is very fast, but the bilateral financial cooperation is relatively slow. Until the financial tsunami and second time ¡§Jiang Chen Huiliou¡¨, bilateral finance cooperation warms day by day. There are many reasons affecting cross-strait finance corporations. Based on the literature review, this study divides the factors into the areas of the economy, the risk and the cooperation mechanism; and it chooses five cues of ¡§increase finance of the Taiwanese enterprises¡¨, ¡§promoting competency of financial industry¡¨, ¡§the political risk¡¨, ¡§the cooperation of financial supervision¡¨ and ¡§the communication of people¡¨ by conducting interviews with masters of financial industry, the official staffs and professors. With the research method of Social Judgment Theory, as the foundation design questionnaire, will treated financial staffs, local citizens and government staffs in order to examine whether disparate groups have different cognitions toward the five cues. Total questionnaire are 460, recycling 402 and the effective questionnaire are 256. Interviews with experts and the survey analysis result in the following findings: 1.All experts pay high attention on ¡§the political risk¡¨ and ¡§the cooperation of financial supervision¡¨ followed by ¡§increases finance of the Taiwanese enterprises¡¨, ¡§promotes competency of financial industry¡¨ and ¡§the communication of people¡¨. 2.In the average weights, all groups pay attention ¡§the political risk¡¨ followed by ¡§promoting competency of financial industry¡¨, ¡§the cooperation of financial supervision¡¨, ¡§the communication of people¡¨ and ¡§increases finance of the Taiwanese enterprises¡¨. 3.In the judgment functions, all groups have positive attitudes toward the three cues:¡¨ promoting competency of financial industry¡¨, ¡§the cooperation of financial supervision¡¨, ¡§and increases finance of the Taiwanese enterprises¡¨. On the cue of ¡§the communication of people¡¨ have positive attitude and U-curves. Finally, all groups have negative attitude toward ¡§the political risk¡¨. 4.There are statistical findings in T-test and ANOVA: (1)After T-test, there are significant differences in ¡§the political risk¡¨ for all groups and the rest of cues are insignificant. (2)There are significant differences in ¡§increases finance of the Taiwanese enterprises¡¨, ¡§the cooperation of financial supervision¡¨ and ¡§the communication of people¡¨ among different groups of area. The rest of cues are insignificant among the groups of different area. (3)There are significant in ¡§increases finance of the Taiwanese enterprises¡¨ and ¡§promoting competency of financial industry¡¨ among the groups of different decades. The groups of different work experience have significant in ¡§the cooperation of financial supervision¡¨.

<p>A laser-triangulating range camera uses a laser plane to light an object. If the position of the laser relative to the camera as well as certrain properties of the camera is known, it is possible to calculate the coordinates for all points along the profile of the object. If either the object or the camera and laser has a known motion, it is possible to combine several measurements to get a three-dimensional view of the object.</p><p>Camera calibration is the process of finding the properties of the camera and enough information about the setup so that the desired coordinates can be calculated. Several methods for camera calibration exist, but this thesis proposes a new method that has the advantages that the objects needed are relatively inexpensive and that only objects in the laser plane need to be observed. Each part of the method is given a thorough description. Several mathematical derivations have also been added as appendices for completeness.</p><p>The proposed method is tested using both synthetic and real data. The results show that the method is suitable even when high accuracy is needed. A few suggestions are also made about how the method can be improved further.</p>