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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Molecular analysis of the tumour suppressor genes MXI1 and PTEN in human squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Snaddon, Jennifer A. M. January 2001 (has links)
No description available.
2

Genetische Aberrationen auf Chromosom 7 bei gastralen diffus großzelligen B-Zell-Lymphomen / Chromosome 7 genetic aberrations of extranodal gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Lazer, Nils January 2006 (has links) (PDF)
In vorangegangenen Studien an extranodalen diffus großzelligen B-Zell-Lymphomen des Magens, im Englischen als „gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma“ bezeichnet (DLBCL), hat unsere Studiengruppe einige genomische Aberrationen entdeckt. Eine dieser Aberrationen - „loss of heterozygosity“ (LOH) - befand sich auf dem langen Arm des Chromosoms 7. Um diese auffällige Region und das gesamte Chromosom 7 noch näher auf Aberrationen zu untersuchen, wurde eine Analyse mit 29 Mikrosatellitenmarker durchgeführt und eine genaue Chromosomenkarte der genetischen Aberrationen auf Chromosom 7 erstellt. In dieser Studie fanden sich 5 sogenannte Hot-Spots von Aberrationen. Insgesamt fanden wir bei 42% der 31 untersuchten DLBCL eine solche Aberration. Die häufigste genetische Aberration auf Chromosom 7 (20,7% der informativen Fälle) war der Verlust einer Region in der zytogenetischen Bande 7p21.1. Ein weiterer LOH-Hot-Spot auf 7p wurde in 3 Lymphomen (10%) bei 7p12.1-13 identifiziert. In diesem Hot-Spot liegt der Gen-Lokus für das Ikaros-Gen. Der lange Arm von Chromosom 7 wies mehrere Aberrationen auf: erstens in der Bande 7q31.1-32.2, zweitens bei 7q34-36.3. Zusätzlich identifizierten wir einen Amplifikations-Hot-Spot auf dem langen Arm; er war in der Bande 7q22.3-31.1 lokalisiert und kam bei 4 Tumoren vor (12,9%). Das Vorkommen genetischer Aberrationen auf Chromosom 7 bei DLBCL ist deutlich höher als anfänglich erwartet. Solch häufige genetische Auffälligkeiten sprechen dafür, dass mögliche neue Tumorsuppressorgene und Onkogene in den oben näher bezeichneten Regionen lokalisiert sind. / In a previous study on extranodal gastric high-grade large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), we found several common aberrations, one of them being LOH on the long arm of chromosome 7. To more closely characterize the deleted region and survey chromosome 7 for additional abnormalities, we expanded the number of microsatellite markers this chromosome was analyzed with to 29 and generated a detailed chromosomal map of genetic aberrations. Altogether, 5 aberration hot spots were identified; 42% of the assayed 31 DLBCLs showed an allelic imbalance. The highest frequency of LOH was found in the 7p21.1 band showing aberrations in 6 cases (20.7% of informative cases). An additional 7p LOH hot spot was detected in 7p12.1-13 (encompassing the Ikaros gene locus) present in three (10%) lymphomas. The long arm of the chromosome displayed the most extensive aberrations: the first one in bands 7q31.2-32.3, the second one on 7q34-36.3. Additionally, we identified a new hot spot of amplifications on the long arm, in bands 7q22.3-31.1 displayed by four (12.9%) tumors. The prevalence of chromosome 7 aberrations in DLBCL is thus more frequent than initially expected. Such recurrent abnormalities suggest that novel tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes are located in the above-specified regions.
3

Frequent Inactivation of LKB1 in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinomas

Cheng, Ai-ling 16 August 2005 (has links)
Lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in Taiwan in 2003. However, lung cancer has become the first in 2004. Discovering the new molecular targets may provide new methods for the treatments of this devastating disease. LKB1, a serine/threonine kinase, is a new tumor suppressor gene with spontaneous mutations and/or deletions found in human cancers. Reports have recently demonstrated that LKB1 inactivating mutations in lung adenocarcinomas of sporadic origin, including primary tumors and lung cancer cell lines. In this study, we investigated LKB1 gene inactivation frequencies in 110 Taiwan patients with non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) and 7 lung cancer cell lines. LKB1 inactivation was screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, co-amplification and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis. In addition, LKB1 expressions were determined in clinical samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in cell lines by reverse-transcriptase PCR and western blot analysis. The results showed five out of 110 (4.5%) patients with LKB1 gene exon 8 deletions. Two out these 5 patients were also found with exon 7 deletions. An identical mutation at codon 354 (Phe to Leu) were found in 4 out of 65 (6.2%) patients. The nature of this mutation was found to be a new LKB1 polymorphism by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) assay and sequencing analysis after compared to normal controls. Various point mutations were also found in 3 out of 7 cell lines. In addition, 11 out of 81 (13.6%) patients were found with LOH. Finally, reduced expressions of LKB1 were observed in lung cancer clinical samples. These data suggest that LKB1 may be a tumor suppressor gene that involved in the carcinogenesis of NSCLC.
4

Utility of Homologous Recombination Deficiency Biomarkers Across Cancer Types / 相同組換え修復欠損のがん横断的バイオマーカーとしての有用性

Takamatsu, Shiro 24 November 2022 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第24280号 / 医博第4896号 / 新制||医||1061(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 森田 智視, 教授 松田 道行, 教授 波多野 悦朗 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
5

Càncer colorectal i gen supressor tp53: estudi comparatiu entre metodologies

Colomer Valero, Anna 11 June 2002 (has links)
La pèrdua de 17p13 succeeix en més del 70% dels tumors colorectals, i sòl acompanyar-se de mutació al locus TP53 de l'al·lel concomitant. A banda, hi ha prou indicis per a recolzar la hipòtesi que p53 és un marcador de pronòstic d'aquest tipus de tumors.A manca de consens sobre la millor estratègia per a conèixer el seu estat -no hi ha estàndard d'or-, ens proposàrem com a objectiu trobar un protocol aplicable a l'estudi rutinari de la proteïna p53 en el càncer colorectal. Per això, seleccionarem una sèrie prospectiva de casos d'adenocarcinoma primari, obtinguts per resecció quirúrgica, i d'ells recollirem, a banda dels resultats de la immunohistoquímica (IHQ) de p53, un seguit de dades clinicopatològiques: edat, sexe, mida del tumor, grau histològic, infiltració, afectació ganglionar i estadi clínic. Característiques demogràfiques de la sèrie foren: 100 tumors pertanyent a 96 pacients (38 dones i 58 homes), amb edat de presentació entre 37-93 anys. Els paràmetres obtinguts es resumeixen en: mida mitja dels tumors 4'1 cm, el 51% amb afectació ganglionar, grau histològic predominant moderadament diferenciat o grau 2 (81%) i nivell d'infiltració majoritari pT3 (72%).De l'abordatge IHQ en resultà que el 56% dels tumors evidencià acumulació de p53 (llindar de sensibilitat: 10%), mentre que un 29% dels casos negatius presentà manca total d'immunopositivitat. L'estudi del genotip, mitjançant PCR-SSCP/seqüenciació (exons 4-8), posà de manifest la presència de mutacions en el 68% dels tumors, el 73% de les quals conservaren la pauta de lectura. En analitzar les discrepàncies entre les 2 aproximacions concloguérem que el 39% dels casos fenotípicament negatius contenia mutacions al gen TP53, el que representa un 17% del total. Per contra, el 5% resultà mancat de mutacions -al menys, en els exons estudiats- malgrat presentar acumulació nuclear de p53. La representació mitjançant corba ROC dels resultats d'IHQ permeté afirmar que la tècnica s'ajusta a la de referència (SSCP/seqüenciació) en el càncer colorectal, amb una àrea sota la corba -equivalent de la precisió- del 79%. La regressió logística situà el llindar de sensibilitat òptim per a la IHQ en el 15%, percentatge en el qual es compensen millor els errors falsos, positius i negatius.La detecció de LOH del microsatèl·lit intragènic p53CA posà de manifest que el 63% dels tumors tenia pèrdua del locus TP53. L'anàlisi estadística demostrà una presència superior de mutacions en els tumors que havien perdut l'al·lel normal concomitant, i que els tumors d'estadi superior -en presència d'afectació ganglionar- tendien a presentar pèrdues de 17p.Conclusions: 1) la IHQ és un mètode vàlid per a cribrar alteracions de p53 en el càncer colorectal, malgrat requereixi ésser complementat amb estudis de SSCP/seqüenciació en els tumors de fenotip negatiu (llindar de sensibilitat: 15%); 2) el protocol d'aproximació a l'estat de p53 ha d'incloure la detecció de LOH al locus TP53. / More than 70% of colorectal adenocarcinomas exhibit 17p13 allelic losses, which usually occur with mutation at the TP53 locus of the concomitant allele. There are also studies that suggest that p53 is a prognostic marker for this type of tumors.Since there is no consensus about which is the best approach to assess p53 status -no gold standard has been defined, yet-, we undertook our study to establish a protocol suitable for the routine assessment of this marker in colorectal cancer. With this purpose, we selected a prospective series of primary adenocarcinomas, obtained by surgical resection and from them we compiled, apart from their p53 immunohistochemical results, the following clinicopathological data: age, sex, tumor size, histological grade, degree of invasion, nodal involvement and staging. Demographics of our series were: 100 tumors belonging to 96 patients (38 women and 58 men), 37-93 years of age at tumor presentation. Other parameters can be synthesized as: mean size of tumors 4.1 cm, 51% with nodal involvement, a prevalence of moderately differentiated tumors or grade 2 (81%), and the majority of tumors with pericolic fat invasion or pT3 (72%). The IHC approach allowed the detection of 56% of tumors with p53 protein accumulation (cutoff value: 10%), while up to 29% of the negative cases showed no immunopositivity at all. Genotype studies performed by PCR-SSCP/sequencing (exons 4-8) evidenced the presence of mutations in 68% of tumors, 73% of which preserved their gene reading frame. When discrepancies between the two approaches were analyzed, it was realized that 39% of the phenotypically negative cases were mutated at the TP53 gene, which represents 17% of total cases. On the contrary, 5% of tumors presenting nuclear accumulation of p53 protein resulted to be exempted of mutations, at least in the studied exons. The plot of IHC results by a ROC curve let us determine that this technique fitted to the reference one (SSCP/sequencing) for colorectal carcinoma, being the area under the curve -equivalent to accuracy- of 79%. Logistic regression established the optimal cutoff value at 15%, percentage at which false positive and negative errors are best balanced.Detection of LOH using the intragenic p53CA dinucleotide microsatellite revealed that 63% of tumors had allelic loss at the TP53 locus. Statistical analyses demonstrated a superior presence of mutations in tumors that had lost its wildtype concomitant allele, and also that tumors with higher staging, based on nodal involvement, tended to present 17p allelic loss.Conclusions: 1) IHC is a valid method to screen p53 alterations in colorectal cancer, although it is necessary that negative tumors (cutoff value: 15%) are also complemented by SSCP/sequencing. 2) A protocol to assess p53 status must include the detection of LOH at the TP53 locus.
6

Gain-of-function of mutated C-CBL tumor suppressor in myeloid neoplasms / 骨髄系腫瘍における腫瘍抑制遺伝子C-CBLの機能獲得型変異

Sanada, Masashi 24 September 2014 (has links)
This paper was published in Nature 2009 Aug 13;460(7257):904-8. doi: 10.1038/nature08240. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v460/n7257/full/nature08240.html / 京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(医学) / 乙第12855号 / 論医博第2085号 / 新制||医||1006(附属図書館) / 31535 / (主査)教授 髙折 晃史, 教授 羽賀 博典, 教授 岩井 一宏 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
7

Loss Of Heterozygosity In Tumor Margins Delineated With Direct Visual Fluorescent Examination

Martin, Brent Douglas 25 June 2012 (has links)
No description available.
8

Loss of heterozygosity in acute myeloid leukaemia with normal karyotype / Allelverlust bei Patienten mit akuter myeloischer Leukämie und normalem Karyotyp

Traikov, Sofia 16 November 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is detectable in many forms of cancer including leukaemia. It contributes to tumorigenesis through the loss of one of the two alleles of one tumor suppressor gene at a given locus, caused by deletion or uniparental disomy (UPD). UPD can only be the result of homologous recombination. Little is known about the mechanisms of UPD and what connection this aberration has with the outcome of this disease. In this study, 146 patients with primary AML were analysed using a novel technique based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Leukaemic cells and healthy T-cells from each patient were obtained using FACS-Vantage cell sorting. In cases with very few sorted cells whole genome preamplification was done. Genome-wide SNP analysis was carried out according to the standard GeneChip Mapping Assay protocol (Affymetrix, USA) using the Human Mapping 10K Arrays. Moreover, the impact of the FLT3-ITD mutation on the homologous recombination using pmHPRT-DRGFP /pCbASce vectors system and yHA2x assay was investigated. Of 146 patients with normal karyotype LOH was found in 30 cases. The potential LOH regions, were confirmed by microsatellite analysis of short tandem repeat (STR) markers. In 21 of these cases STR-analysis of T-cells, representing the corresponding tumor-free material, confirmed the regions of partial UPD. This aberration affected different chromosomes, but most commonly chr. 2, 6, 11, 21, 13, and 7, and covered between 11.5 and 88 Mb. Interestingly, in 6 LOH cases, long stretches of homozygosity present at the same positions as in the healthy cells and in the blasts were found. The impact of this phenomenon is unknown. Additionally, chromosome losses were detected in 3 patients classified with normal karyotype according to current methods. These 9 cases were not included in the UPD positive group. No differences were observed regarding any clinical factors including age, WBC-counts and sex. The FAB M1 subtype was observed in 47.6% of the UPD positive patients, compared to only 19.2% of the UPD negative patients (P=0.04, n=146). In addition, no correlation between FLT3-ITD, MLL-PTD and NPM1 mutations in the UPD patients was found, but the data indicate that patients with UPD have a higher rate of treatment failure. Moreover, in this study the relationship between UPD and gene aberrations was able to be confirmed. In some cases, UPD found on chromosomes 21, 19 and 11 was correlated with mutations in the RUNX1, CEBPA and WT genes, respectively. Furthermore, AML cases with and without UPD showed different but specific gene expression profiles, revealing different expression levels for genes involved in double strand break repairs. Furthermore, it was found that different mutations could be responsible for the increase in efficiency of HR, such as FLT3-ITD or BCR-ABL. Moreover, cells with a FLT3-ITD mutation (without wt expression) rapidly increased the HR efficiency compared with heterozygous (FLT3-ITD/wt) cells. Preliminary results showed that the high repair efficiency was mainly dependent on the translocation of RAD51. In conclusion, SNP array technology allow the identification and mapping of LOH in AML patients with normal karyotype. The obtained data also point out the necessity of analysing tumour-free material to confirm the somatic origin of the alteration. Furthermore, the available results indicate that compared to patients without UPD, patients with UPD have a higher relapse rate, which might be used as a prognostic marker in the future. Also, it could be hypothesized that downregulation of RAD51 (for example by FLT3 inhibition) might be beneficial DNA damage occurs through the genotoxic agent by reducing the relapse risk of AML.
9

Avaliação genômica da infertilidade masculina idiopática por azoospermia não obstrutiva / Genomic assessment of idiopathic male infertility by nonobstructive azoospermia

Grangeiro, Carlos Henrique Paiva 10 April 2018 (has links)
Infertilidade conjugal é uma doença do sistema reprodutivo que acomete cerca de 20% dos casais e na qual o fator masculino responde por metade desses casos. A infertilidade masculina é um fenótipo complexo que abrange diferentes fatores. Os fatores genéticos envolvidos variam desde mutações pontuais, microdeleções no cromossomo Y, até alterações cromossômicas, como a Síndrome de Klinefelter. Mesmo após avaliação clínicolaboratorial detalhada, metade dos pacientes permanece sem a identificação de um fator causal, caracterizando a infertilidade idiopática. Nesse grupo, observamos com maior frequência os pacientes com falha espermatogênica primária, que clinicamente apresentam oligozoospermia grave ou azoospermia não obstrutiva (ANO) e, no qual, preponderam fatores genéticos ainda desconhecidos. Para auxiliar na compreensão de possíveis alterações genômicas, sejam as variantes de número de cópias (CNVs) ou as regiões de perda de heterozigosidade (LOHs), envolvidas com infertilidade masculina idiopática, 16 pacientes com ANO e 6 controles foram investigados pela técnica de hibridação genômica comparativa (aCGH) utilizando a plataforma 4x180 CGH+SNP Agilent® com análise dos dados pelo software Nexus 8.0. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas tanto no número, como no tamanho das alterações genômicas em ambos os grupos. Foram descritas 18 novas alterações genômicas com efeito sobre a produção espermática, distribuídas na forma de 12 ganhos, 3 perdas e 3 LOHs. Os ganhos mais significativos para o fenótipo azoospermia não obstrutiva foram descritos em 7q36.3, 17q21.33, Xq21.1 e Yp11.2. Nessas regiões, os genes com maior impacto sobre o fenótipo foram, respectivamente, SHH, COL1A1, COX7B e LINC00279. Ganhos envolvendo a sub-banda Yq11.223 e contendo cópias dos genes DAZ1 e DAZ4 foram considerados benignos. As três perdas detectadas em 2q31.1, 3p21.1-21.31 e 15q11.2, contendo, respectivamente, os genes DLX1, CACNA2D2 e representantes da família de receptores olfatórios foram consideradas relevantes. A análise das LOHs em fenótipos complexos é escassa e desafiadora. No presente trabalho, foram descritas 3 dessas alterações, localizadas em 1p31.1, 7q21.1 e 12q21.1-21.2 e compartilhadas por mais de um indivíduo infértil. A descrição dessas alterações genômicas contribui para a compreensão de mecanismos complexos e ainda pouco estudados, que resultam em azoospermia não obstrutiva decorrente da falha espermatogênica primária. / Infertility is a disease of the reproductive system that affects about 20% of all couples, with half of the cases being related to the male factor. Male infertility is a complex phenotype associated with an interaction of different factors. The genetic factors involved may range from point mutations, microdeletions on the Y chromosome to chromosomal changes such as Klinefelter syndrome. Even after detailed clinical-laboratory evaluation, the etiology may remain unknown in approximately half of the patients, and, in such cases, the infertility can be classified as idiopathic. This group of patients more frequently present with primary spermatogenic failure, with severe oligozoospermia or non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). Nevertheless, the underlying genetic factors are still largely unknown. In order to better understand the potential genomic changes involved with idiopathic male infertility, sixteen patients with NOA and 6 controls were investigated in this study. Copy number variants (CNVs) and regions of loss of heterozygosity (LOHs) were assessed by array comparative genomic hybridization technique (aCGH), using the Agilent® 4x180 CGH + SNP platform. Data analyses was performed using Nexus 8.0 software. No significant differences between the groups were observed in relation to either the number or the size of the genomic changes. Eighteen new genomic alterations were described that were associated with sperm production (12 gains, 3 losses and 3 LOHs). The most important gains for the nonobstructive azoospermia phenotype were observed in 7q36.3, 17q21.33, Xq21.1 and Yp11.2. In these regions, the genes related to greatest impact on the phenotype were SHH, COL1A1, COX7B and LINC00279, respectively. Gains involving the Yq11.223 sub-band and containing copies of the DAZ1 and DAZ4 genes were considered benign. All 3 losses detected in 2q31.1, 3p21.1-21.31 and 15q11.2, containing, respectively, the DLX1, CACNA2D2 genes and representatives of the olfactory receptor family were considered relevant. Analysis of LOHs in complex phenotypes such as male infertility has been infrequently reported and is challenging. In the present study, three significants LOHs were found (1p31.1, 7q21.1 and 12q21.1-21.2) and were identified in more than one infertile individual. The description of these genomic alterations contributes to a better understanding of this complex and poorly explored mechanisms that results in non-obstructive azoospermia due to primary spermatogenic failure.
10

Investigação genômica de pacientes inférteis com oligozoospermia / Genomic investigation of infertile patients with oligozoospermia

Grzesiuk, Juliana Dourado 13 December 2016 (has links)
A infertilidade afeta aproximadamente 15% dos casais, sendo atualmente reconhecido o envolvimento de fatores masculinos em metade dos casos. Alterações nas análises seminais são detectadas na maioria dos homens inférteis e a mais frequente é a baixa concentração de espermatozoides no ejaculado, conhecida como oligozoospermia. Vários estudos mostram uma forte relação entre fatores genéticos e a infertilidade, incluindo alterações cromossômicas e microdeleções do cromossomo Y, porém as causas da oligozoospermia ainda permanecem obscuras. O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias de investigação vem possibilitando a detecção de alterações a nível genômico, como mutações e variações no número de cópias (CNVs). O presente trabalho teve por objetivo a caracterização genômica de homens com oligozoospermia sem causa definida, visando estabelecer correlação entre alterações no número de cópias e perdas de heterozigosidade (LOHs) e o fenótipo de infertilidade. Foram selecionados 18 pacientes após rigorosa avaliação clínica e investigação do histórico reprodutivo, sendo excluídos pacientes portadores de alterações cromossômicas e portadores de microdeleções do cromossomo Y. Seis homens comprovadamente férteis foram selecionados para o grupo controle. A investigação genômica de ambos os grupos, amostral e controle, foi realizada pela técnica de hibridação genômica comparativa em microarranjos (aCGH) utilizando a plataforma de resolução 180K (Agilent®,US), analisada pelo software Nexus 8.0. Foram detectadas alterações possivelmente patogênicas no cromossomo Y, no cromossomo X e em autossomos. Um ganho na região de AZFc envolvendo apenas os genes DAZ1 e DAZ4 foi detectado em nove pacientes e em quatro controles, sendo classificado como alteração benigna. Porém, alterações na região de AZFc possivelmente relacionadas ao fenótipo de oligozoospermia foram detectadas em três pacientes e incluíram extensas duplicações e deleções envolvendo, entre outros genes, as quatro cópias do gene DAZ. Após comparação de regiões selecionadas com a literatura e com diferentes bancos de dados genéticos, sugerimos que os genes PLEC, SPATC1, COL1A1, MOV10L1, SYCE3 e ODF3B possam estar associados a alterações na produção espermática. Adicionalmente, entre os doze miRNAs presentes em regiões de LOH possivelmente relacionadas ao fenótipo de infertilidade, dez têm como alvo genes com funções relacionadas à espermatogênese e reprodução humana. Estudos adicionais a nível de expressão e sequenciamento gênico são necessários para confirmar a correlação entre o genótipo e o fenótipo de oligozoospermia. / Infertility affects about 15% of the couples, and it is currently recognized, that male factors are involved in about 50% of cases. Changes in seminal parameters are detected in most infertile men and the most common alteration, known as oligozoospermia, is a low concentration of sperm in the ejaculate. Several studies show a strong relationship between genetic factors and infertility, including chromosomal abnormalities and microdeletions of Y chromosome, however, the causes of oligozoospermia remain unclear. The development of new research technologies has allowed the detection of changes at genomic levels, such as mutations and copy number variations (CNVs). This study aimed to perform a genomic characterization of patients with idiopathic oligozoospermia to determine whether there is a correlation between changes of copy number and losses of heterozygosity (LOHs) in relation to the phenotype of infertility. Eighteen patients were selected for the cases after rigorous clinical examination and investigation of their reproductive history. Patients with chromosomal abnormalities or microdeletions of the Y chromosome were excluded. Six proven fertile men comprised the control group. Genomic investigation of both groups was performed by microarray comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) using 4X180K platform (Agilent, US) analysed by Nexus 8.0 software. Potential pathogenic changes were detected on Y chromosome, as well as on the X and autosome chromosomes. A gain in AZFc region involving only DAZ1 and DAZ4 genes was detected in nine patients and four controls, and was considered as benign. However, changes in AZFc region, that could be related to the oligozoospermia phenotype were detected in three patients. These changes included extensive duplications and deletions involving the four copies of the DAZ gene together with copy number changes affecting other genes. After comparing the selected regions with the literature and with different databases, we suggest that changes such as LOH affecting PLEC, SPATC1, COL1A1, MOV10L1, SYCE3 and ODF3B genes may influence sperm production. Our analysis indicates that, ten out of the twelve miRNAs present in LOH regions could be involved in the infertility phenotype and could have target genes with functions related to spermatogenesis and human reproduction. Additional studies involving gene sequencing and expression analysis are needed to confirm the the correlation between the genotype and oligozoospermia phenotype.

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