Gagner la fidélité des clients est un objectif majeur pour le marketing, et les programmes de fidélisation sont conçus pour y répondre. Cette recherche analyse comment les bénéfices perçus des programmes de fidélisation (i.e., bénéfices sociaux, de reconnaissance,économiques, fonctionnels, hédoniques, informationnels) influencent directement la fidélité au programme de fidélité et indirectement la fidélité à l’enseigne à travers la fidélité au programme de fidélité. Mis en évidence dans un double contexte (distribution alimentaire et parfumerie), nos résultats indiquent que la fidélité au programme de fidélité améliore la fidélité des clients à l’enseigne, augmente leur part du portefeuille ainsi que leur volonté de payer un prix premium. Notre recherche examine aussi les rôles modérateurs potentiels de l’engagement à l’enseigne et de l’implication à l’égard du programme de fidélité dans la relation entre la fidélité au programme de fidélité et la part du portefeuille. Nos résultats suggèrent que la fidélité au programme de fidélité a un effet positif sur la part du portefeuille quel que soit le niveau d’engagement à l’enseigne (distribution alimentaire et parfumerie). De l’autre côté, la fidélité au programme de fidélité augmente davantage la part du portefeuille chez les clients ayant une forte implication que chez les clients ayant une faible implication dans le programme de fidélité (ceci n’étant validé que dans le cas de la distribution alimentaire). / Gaining customer loyalty is an important goal of marketing, and loyalty programmes are designed to help in reaching it. This research investigates how perceived benefits of retail loyalty programs (i.e., social, recognition, monetary savings, convenience, hedonic and informationnal benefits) enhance directly program loyalty, and indirectly company loyalty through program loyalty. Highlighted in a dual context (grocery and perfumery), our findings show that program loyalty enhance both customer loyalty toward the company, share of wallet and customer willingness to pay a price premium. Our research also examines the potential moderating roles of both company commitment and customer involvement toward the loyalty program in the relationship between program loyalty and share of wallet. Our results suggest that program loyalty has a positive effect on share of wallet regardless of the level of commitment to the company (grocery and perfumery). On the other hand, program loyalty is highly effective in driving share of wallet at high rather than at low levels of customer involvement with the loyalty program (this resultis only validated in the grocery case).

AFRIKAANS: Bestuurders en personeel van dienslewering instansies staar huidiglik meer intensiewe klantediens eise in die gesig as ooit tevore. Vandag se klante is beter ingelig, stel meer vereistes en is meer self geldend wanneer diensprobleme ontstaan. Dit is gedeeltelik die gevolg van 'n styging in die vraag na toegevoegde waarde by produkte en dienste wat deur klante aangekoop word. Die klant se vraag na waarde lei tot 'n sterker fokus op 'n kombinasie van kwaliteit, billike pryse en goeie diens. Wanneer diensfalings ontstaan kan die diensverskaffer se reaksie die band versterk tussen die onderneming en die klant of dit kan 'n onbetekenisvolle irritasie verander in 'n groot insident. Gegewe dat 'n onderneming dieselfde effek het op winste as om kostes te sny met tien persent (Power 1992) is dit noodsaaklik dat bestuurders diensfalings en diensherstel kwessies versigtig oorweeg en bewus is van die vereistes van hoë kwaliteit diensherstel; en die uitwerking daarvan op die onderneming se winsgewendheid en oor 'n diensherstelplan moet beskik om die falings aan te spreek wanneer hul voorkom en nie bloot krisis bestuur toepas nie. Ten spyte van die belangrikheid van die opvolg en analise van diensfalings en diensherstel is daar slegs 'n beperkte empiriese navorsing gedoen wat falings en diensherstel ondersoek. Die hoofdoel van die navorsing was om die kwaliteit van diensherstel te bepaal van 'n lojaliteitstelsel in die landbou-bedryf vir produsente in Suid-Afrika. Die lojaliteitstelsel is tans die enigste van die kwaliteit van diensherstel, punte opgebou en herhalingsaankope intensies asook taal en geslag is ook ondersoek. Asook, die faktore wat verantwoordelik was dat produsente die diensherstel ervaar het as goed of swak. Tydens die studie is daar gebruik gemaak van die kritiese insidente tegniek wat ontwikkel is deur Flanagan. As 'n sistematiese, sekwensiële metode kan spesifieke insidente van effektiewe en oneffektiewe gedrag geanaliseer word met betrekking tot 'n vooraf bepaalde aktiwiteit. Die volgende faktore blyk die belangrikste faktore te wees wat verantwoordelik was vir hoë kwaliteit diensherstel: Werknemervriendelikheid, Bereidwilligheid, Een-tot-een persoonlike aandag en Kennis van produkte of klagtes. Die faktore wat statisties beduidende was en gelei het tot swak kwaliteit diensherstel is eerstens onvoldoende outoriteit van die dienssentrum personeel gevolg deur beleid wat optrede verhoed, geen kennis van 'n spesifieke reëling, stadige diens en die feit dat die klant in die verleentheid gestel is. Geslag het geen invloed gehad op die tevredenheid met die diensherstel nie, maar taal wel in 'n statistiese beduidende invloed het op respondente se tevredenheid met die oplossing van 'n probleem. Daar is geen verwantskap tussen die feit dat respondente reeds punte opgebou by die lojaliteitsprogram en hul ervaring van die bevredigende oplossing van probleme en klagtes nie. Daar is wel 'n verband tussen die opbou van punte en die gebruik van ander dienste wat die onderneming bied. Die meerderheid respondente 81,67 persent is tevrede met die diensherstel teenoor slegs 18,33 persent van die respondente wat ontevrede was met die regstelling. Die navorsing stel die onderneming in staat om sy sterk punte meer te beklemtoon en daarop te fokus asook om negatiewe punte in heroorweging te bring en aan te pas dienooreenkomstig die eise van die klant. Die aanstel van die regte dienspersoneel is dus van kardinale belang asook opleiding in kommunikasie vaardighede en etiket en bemagtiging is essensieel vir hoë kwaliteit diensherstel. Daar is 'n aanduiding dat die onderneming sy beleid rondom taal en ander diensleweringskwessies soos bemagtiging, outoriteit en verantwoordelikheid sal moet hersien. / ENGLISH: Service managers and personnel are facing more intensive customer service pressures than ever before. Today's customers are more demanding, better informed and more assentive when service problems arise. This may be due in part to increased customer demand for value in the products and services purchased. Customer demands for value result in a stronger focus on a combination of quality, fair price and good service in the purchases they make. When service failures occur, the service providers reaction can either reinforce a strong customer bond or change a minor distraction into a major incident. Given that improving a company's customer retention rate by t20 percent has the same effect on profits as cutting costs by 10 percent (Power 1992), it is imperative that managers consider failure and recovery issues and know what effect it has on the company's profitability. It is essential that a company has an established service recovery plan to overcome failures when the occur and don't apply crisis management. Despite the importance of tracking and analising service failures and recovery strategies, only limited empirical research examining failures and recoveries has been conducted. The purpose of this research study was to determine the quality of service recovery of a loyalty system in the agricultural industry of South Africa as perceived by produces. This loyalty system is the only of its kind. The correlation between the quality of service recovery, points accumulated in the loyalty system, repeat purchase intentions as well as sex and language were examined. The factors that led to high and low service quality as perceived by the respondent were identified. During the study the critical incident technique developed by Flanagan was used. It is a systematic, sequential method whereby specific incidents of effective and ineffective behaviour can be analised with regarding to a predetermined activity. The following factors appear to the most significant and important for high quality, good service recovery; friendliness of contact personnel, willingness to help, One-to-one personal attention and knowledge of the product of service. The statistical significant factors which led to low service recovery quality was first of all insufficient authority of service personnel followed by policy hindering needed action, no knowledge of a specific arrangement made, slow service and the fact that the client was humiliated in the process. The sex of the respondents didn't have any significance regarding the perceived quality of service recovery, but language did have a statistical significance on respondents satisfaction with the recovery effort. There is no correlation between the fact that respondents had already build up points in the loyalty system and their experience of the satisfactory resolving of problems and complaints. But there is a correlation between the build-up of points in the loyalty system and the use of their services the company provides. The majority of respondents 81,67 percent is satisfied with the service recovery against only 18,33 percent of the respondents that were dissatisfied with the recovery efforts. This research findings enables the company to focus and expend its positive strengths of service recovery and work on the weaknesses as identified by the clients. The appointment of the right personnel as well as sufficient training in communication skills and etiquette is of extreme importance for good service recovery. There is an indication that although the majority of respondents rank their service recovery effort very high, five out of seven, that the company must readdress certain policies regarding authority, responsibility and empowerment. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2001. / Marketing Management / MCom / Unrestricted

Customers are increasingly shopping online, which has led to the emergence of e-loyalty. Despite the fact that the definition of e-loyalty is widely accepted, there are a variety of customer-focused approaches to establishing it. Past studies on this subject have provided various arguments.  Using a qualitative research method and focusing on three major antecedents (E-satisfaction, E-Trust, and E-wom/Reputation) and the factors that influence those antecedents, the aim of this research is to investigate how e-loyalty is formed from the customer's perspective.  Six semi-structured interviews were performed with persons characterized as frequent online consumers. The empirical investigation was supported by thematic coding.  This research resulted in a new proposed conceptual model that illustrates how the websites' content, assurance, convenience, and interactivity lead to the formation of e-loyalty online, from the customers’ perspective.

Sports organisations must continuously assess how better to meet or exceed consumer expectations and perceptions of their experience in order to maintain and increase the number of spectators and loyal fans attending their sporting events. This study aims to enhance our understanding of which characteristics of a service attribute will best define its quality and impact on spectator behaviour by understanding the causal relationship between perceived service quality (PSQ) and satisfaction.

Las redes sociales ha permitido una nueva forma de comunicarnos y expresarnos con la marca a través de las interacciones y por el contenido generado por los usuarios conocido como co-creacion de valor. Además, ambas acciones que permiten interactuar en estas plataformas da a conocer la fidelización que tienen los usurarios generando Engagement a las marcas y esto se e basa en la experiencia del usuario con equipos tecnológicos que permite a los usuarios interactuar, generar y agregar contenido en sus redes. Es por ello que, las redes sociales permite entablar una relación bi-direccional entre el usuario y la marca, siendo así, una comunicación horizontal donde ambas partes tienen una comunicación activa y para que se logre el diálogo con las marcas es clave que desarrollen contenidos con información relevantes, dinámicos y en tiempo preciso. Esto permite que los usuarios conozcan a la marca en base a las publicaciones de sus experiencias de otros consumidores y la marca puede identificar diversas necesidades de los usuarios y de ese modo crear diversas acciones para el beneficio de la marca, el cual, puede permitir aumentar la ventas, crear conocimiento de marca y fidelizar a los usuarios. En la actualidad. es importante tener diversos canales de comunicación en redes sociales que sean confiables y que promuevan positivamente la marca, lo cual permite reforzar la identidad y crear un vínculo digital con la comunidad. Así mismo, se puede obtener win to win porque fideliza a los usuarios convirtiéndose en comunicadores de la marca y beneficia a la marca a conocer las necesidades e inquietudes y así mejorar a futuro. / Social media has enabled a new way of communicating and communicating with the brand through interactions and by user-generated content known as value co-creation. In addition, the actions that allow interaction on these platforms publicize the loyalty that users have in generating Engagement to brands and this is based on the user experience with technological equipment that allows users to interact, generate and add content on their networks. . That is why, social networks allow to establish a bi-directional relationship between the user and the brand, thus, a horizontal communication where both parties have active communication and for the dialogue with brands to be registered, it is key that they develop content with relevant information, dynamic and in precise time. This allows users to get to know the brand based on the publications of their experiences of other users and the brand can identify different needs of the users and in this way create different actions for the benefit of the brand, which, can allow to increase the sale, create brand awareness and build customer loyalty. Nowadays. It is important to have various communication channels in social networks that are reliable and that positively promote the brand, which allows identity and creates a digital link with the community. Likewise, you can get win to win because loyalty to users by becoming brand communicators and beneficiaries of the brand to meet the needs and concerns and thus improve a future. / Trabajo de investigación

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Problemformulering: Vår studie handlar om konsumenters relation till butikspersonalen inom dagligvaruhandeln, alltså butiker som i första hand säljer livsmedel men även andra dagligvaror. Hur interaktionen mellan konsument och produkt är och hur situationen vid konsumtionen ser ut är faktorer som Laaksonen (2010) menar påverkar den engagemangsnivå konsumenten upplever. Vi vill därför studera hur relationen till butikspersonalen kan påverka hur konsumtionssituationen upplevs av konsumenten och hur den påverkar engagemangsnivån, då dagligvaror ofta anses som lågengagemangsprodukter. Det behövs mer studier som skapar förståelse om vilken påverkan personalen har på konsumentens upplevelse av relationen, då relationen är en faktor som bidrar till konsumentens lojalitet. Syfte: Studien syftar till att få större kunskap om vilken betydelse relationen med butikspersonalen har för konsumentens upplevelse av lojalitet. Lojalitet innefattar många faktorer, vi har valt att fokusera på faktorn relationer. Detta för att bidra till en ökad förståelse om konsumentens relation till butikspersonalen då det kan hjälpa butiken att förstå hur de kan arbeta vidare med relationsskapandet till konsumenten. Detta är viktigt för butiken att ha förståelse om då relationen även påverkar konsumentens relation till butiken som i sin tur påverkar konsumentens lojalitet. Metod: För att få större kunskap om hur viktigt konsumenter upplever att personalen i butiken är och vad hos butikspersonalen som konsumenten efterfrågar i relationen, valde vi att samla in data från konsumenter och analysera svaren, vilket i detta fall gjorts via intervjuer. Teori: Den teori som vi främst använt oss av är lojalitetsbegreppet och relationsmarknadsföring. Slutsats: Priser, öppettider och sortiment är viktiga faktorer vid skapandet av en långvarig relation med butiken men för att konsumenten ska välja en butik framför en annan måste bemötandet från personalen vara bra. Det finns många dagligvarubutiker att välja på i konsumenternas närområde vilket gör att faktorerna priser, öppettider och sortiment inte blir avgörande. Det är istället relationen till butikspersonalen och att konsumenten känner sig speciell, respekterad och betydelsefull som blir en konkurrensfördel och avgörande faktor för konsumenternas val av butik. En tillmötesgående och positiv personal gör att relationen stärks och konsumenterna får en mer positiv inställning till butiken. Även i de fall där konsumenterna inte upplever personalen som så viktig bidrar ändå en tillmötesgående personal till att konsumenten uppfattar butiken som mer attraktiv. / Problem: Our study is about consumers' relationship with the store staff in the grocery store, then stores that primarily sell food but also other consumer goods. How the interaction between the consumer and the product is and how the situation looks at consumption are factors Laaksonen (2010) argues affect the commitment level of the consumer experience. We therefore want to study how the relationship with the store staff can affect the consumption situation experienced by the consumer and how it affects the level of commitment, then consumer goods often considered low-engagement products. It needs more studies to create understanding about the impact staff have on the consumer's perception of the relationship, then the relationship is a factor contributing to consumer loyalty. Objective: This study aims to gain greater knowledge of the importance of the relationship with the store staff for the consumer’s experience of loyalty. Loyalty involves many factors, we have chosen to focus on the factor relationships. This will contribute to a better understanding of the consumer's relationship with the store staff as it can help the store to understand how they can work on creating relationships with the consumer. This is important for the store to have an understanding of because the relationship also affects the consumer's relationship with the store, which in turn affects the consumer's loyalty. Method: To gain greater knowledge of how important the consumer experience that the staff in the shop is and what the consumer request of the staff in the relationship, we chose to collect data from consumers and analyze the responses, which in this case was collected by interviews. Secondary data that we used was collected from books and scientific articles. Theory: The main theory that we used was the concept of loyalty and relationship marketing. Conclusion: Prices, opening hours and range are important factors in creating a long-lasting relationship with the store, but for the consumer to choose one store over another the personal treatment from the staff must be good. There are many grocery stores to choose from in the immediate area of consumer, making the elements of prices, opening hours and range not crucial. It is instead the staff and their attitude that becomes a competitive advantage and crucial factor in consumers' choice of store. An accommodating and positive staff makes the relationship stronger and the consumer gets a more positive attitude to the store. Even in cases where consumers do not experience the staff as an important contribution they still experience that an accommodating staff makes the shop more attractive.

Customer loyalty programmes are widely regarded by companies as an effective means of achieving a strategic advantage over competitors and as a highly-effective platform to build lasting relationships with their most-valued customers. However, in today’s fast-paced world and loyalty-mature marketplace, customer loyalty programmes are showing signs of limited sustainability. Companies are starting to realise the importance of focusing on deeper, more meaningful, relevant and mutually-beneficial relationships with their customers in an attempt to sustain brand loyalty. The process of developing true customer loyalty involves companies adding extraordinary human level customer treatment. The purpose of this study is to explore whether customer loyalty programmes are developing true customer loyalty amongst customers. This research study explicitly investigates the views, attitudes, beliefs and perceptions of consumers partaking in customer loyalty programmes. At the outset of the study a literature review was conducted to explore and discuss literature pertaining to the key concepts of this study, namely customer loyalty programmes and true customer loyalty. This research study initially made use of a qualitative research method in the form of a focus group. The findings from the focus group contributed to the design of the questionnaire for the survey. A survey formed the quantitative component of the research. The survey questionnaire was distributed by means of a mall intercept to shoppers in a predetermined shopping mall. The ordinal data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The analysis indicated a marked disconnect between customer loyalty programmes and true customer loyalty. Customer loyalty programmes are generally regarded by customers as discount drivers rather than loyalty drivers. Customers indicated superior service, quality, trust and aligned values as key drivers in developing true customer loyalty. The majority of respondents stated that their selected customer loyalty programme was not developing true customer loyalty. The study provides a clear indication that customer loyalty programmes are not shifting attitudes that lead to ongoing behavioural change such as motivating multiple purchases. A key recommendation resulting from this study is for companies to develop customer-centric loyalty programmes that sincerely consider the needs of the customer, rather than merely attempting to drive sales through discount initiatives masked as customer loyalty programmes.

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Customer loyalty is considered to be critically important to growth, profitability and sustainability. It has received much attention by practitioner and managers. However, some important variables about the different types of loyalty have remained unclear. While businesses look towards adopting various strategies to help them grow and succeed in the marketplace, a number of key business orientations have emerged. Each of these orientations has claimed to increase both profitability and customer loyalty for an organization. This research has examined both of these factors, as well as their inter-relationships. The research was conducted in a two part study, based on a sequential triangulation approach. The first study focused on finding out the differences between two of the highest types of loyalties, attitudinal and emotional. The study, based on 40 interviews with customers from three different companies, across two cultural settings (Asian and European), has led to the emergence of key differentiating factors. The second study focused on the relationships between business orientations and customer loyalty. This study was based on six case studies of best practice firms. The study found a positive link between business orientations and loyalty. Moreover, a set of critical success factors were identified that would enable companies to implement effective loyalty management systems. Based on both of these two studies, a loyalty management model has been presented. The model helps to improve our understanding of loyalty, and would be of use to managers who would want to develop and manage customer loyalty in an organisation.