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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Implementation of Directional Median Filtering using Field Programmable Gate Arrays

Gundam, Madhuri 17 December 2010 (has links)
Median filtering is a non-linear filtering technique which is effective in removing impulsive noise from data. In this thesis, directional median filtering has been implemented using cumulative histogram of samples in several directions. Different methods to implement directional median filtering have been proposed. The filtered images are smoothed along the direction of the filtering window. All implementations aimed to generate outputs in the least amount of time, while reducing the resource utilization on hardware. The implementation methods were designed for Xilinx Virtex 5 FPGA devices but were also attempted on Spartan 3E. The proposed methods used less than 30% of the resources on Virtex 5 FPGA but the resource utilization on Spartan 3E exceeded the number of available resources. After an initial delay, methods 1 and 2 generate a new output for every 5 clock cycles while method 3 generates an output for every 1.5 clock cycles.
12

Etude et compensation des non-linéarités de convertisseur analogique numérique utilisant une architecture à repliement et interpolation

Fresnaud, Vincent 07 April 2008 (has links) (PDF)
De nombreuses recherches tentent d'améliorer les convertisseurs actuels en proposant de nouvelles architectures et de nouveaux procédés de fabrication. Cette évolution est longue et doit s'exécuter étape par étape. Cependant, il est possible d'utiliser des méthodes permettant de compenser les lacunes d'un composant donné avant de franchir l'étape suivante. Ces méthodes de compensation permettent de repousser les limites du composant en attendant la maturité de la génération suivante. Elles permettent également<br />de mieux comprendre les défauts actuels et d'orienter les concepteurs vers des pistes prometteuses pour leurs recherches.<br />C'est dans ce contexte que nous proposons d'étudier l'effet d'une compensation par table de correspondance uni-dimensionnelle (LUT 1D) sur un convertisseur de type à repliement et à interpolation.<br />Afin de remplir cette table de correction, nous proposons d'utiliser et d'optimiser un algorithme d'extraction des non-linéarités du composant, basé sur une analyse fréquentielle du signal converti.<br />Les paramètres sensibles de la méthode de compensation sont ensuite étudiées au travers d'expérimentations menées sur un convertisseur spécialement conçut pour cet objectif. Nous établissons qu'il est possible de calculer une table de correspondance suffisamment robuste indépendamment des variations de fréquences et de température.<br />Finalement, nous proposons une nouvelle méthode d'extraction des paramètres spectraux d'un signal à partir de ressources de calculs très faibles. Cette étude permet d'entamer le processus d'embarquement de la compensation au sein du convertisseur. Cette finalité fait partie des perspectives liées à cette thèse.
13

Complex-Multiplier Implementation for Resource Flexible Pipelined FFTs in FPGAs

Thangella, Praneeth Kumar, Gundla, Aravind Reddy January 2009 (has links)
<p>AbstractDifferent approaches for implementing a complex multiplier in pipelined FFT are considered andimplemented to find an efficient one in this project. The implemented design is synthesized on Cyclone IIand Stratix III to know the performance. The design is implemented with a focus of reducing the resourcesused. Some approaches resulted in the reduced number of DSP blocks and others resulted in reducednumber of LUTs. Analysis of Synthesis results is performed for different widths (bit lengths) of complexmultiplier approaches.</p>
14

Décodeurs Haute Performance et Faible Complexité pour les codes LDPC Binaires et Non-Binaires

Li, Erbao 19 December 2012 (has links) (PDF)
Cette thèse se consacre à l'étude de décodeurs itératifs, pour des codes correcteurd'erreurs binaires et non-binaires à faible densité (LDPC). Notre objectif est de modéliserdes décodeurs de complexité faibles et de faible latence tout en garantissantde bonne performances dans la région des très faibles taux d'erreur (error floor).Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous étudions des décodeurs itératifssur des alphabets finis (Finite Alphabet iterative decoders, FAIDs) qui ont étérécemment proposés dans la littérature. En utilisant un grand nombre de décodeursFAIDs, nous proposons un nouvel algorithme de décodage qui améliore la capacité decorrections d'erreur des codes LDPC de degré dv = 3 sur canal binaire symétrique.La diversité des décodeurs permet de garantir une correction d'erreur minimale sousdécodage itératif, au-delà de la pseudo-distance des codes LDPC. Nous donnonsdans cette thèse un exemple detailé d'un ensemble de décodeur FAIDs, qui corrigetous les évènements d'erreur de poids inférieur ou égal à 7 avec un LDPC de petitetaille (N=155,K=64,Dmin=20). Cette approche permet de corriger des évènementsd'erreur que les décodeurs traditionnels (BP, min-sum) ne parviennent pas à corriger.Enfin, nous interprétons les décodeurs FAIDs comme des systèmes dynamiques etnous analysons les comportements de ces décodeurs sur des évènements d'erreur lesplus problématiques. En nous basant sur l'observation des trajectoires périodiquespour ces cas d'étude, nous proposons un algorithme qui combine la diversité dudécodage avec des sauts aléatoires dans l'espace d'état du décodeur itératif. Nousmontrons par simulations que cette technique permet de s'approcher des performancesd'un décodage optimal au sens du maximum de vraisemblance, et ce pourplusieurs codes.Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, nous proposons un nouvel algorithmede décodage à complexité réduite pour les codes LDPC non-binaires. Nous avonsappellé cet algorithme Trellis-Extended Min-Sum (T-EMS). En transformant le domainede message en un domaine appelée domaine delta, nous sommes capable dechoisir les déviations ligne par ligne par rapport à la configuration la plus fiable,tandis que les décodeurs habituels comme le décodeur EMS choisissent les déviationscolonne par colonne. Cette technique de sélection des déviations ligne parligne nous permet de réduire la complexité du décodage sans perte de performancepar rapport aux approches du type EMS. Nous proposons également d'ajouter une colonne supplémentaire à la représentation en treillis des messages, ce qui résoudle problème de latence des décodeurs existants. La colonne supplémentaire permetde calculer tous les messages extrinséque en parallèle, avec une implémentationmatérielle dédiée. Nous présentons dans ce manuscrit, aussi bien les architecturesmatérielles parallèle que les architectures matérielles série pour l'exécution de notrealgorithme T-EMS. L'analyse de la complexité montre que l'approche T-EMS estparticulièrement adapté pour les codes LDPC non-binaires sur des corps finis deGalois de petite et moyenne dimensions.
15

A novel high-speed trellis-coded modulation encoder/decoder ASIC design

Hu, Xiao 03 September 2003
Trellis-coded Modulation (TCM) is used in bandlimited communication systems. TCM efficiency improves coding gain by combining modulation and forward error correction coding in one process. In TCM, the bandwidth expansion is not required because it uses the same symbol rate and power spectrum; the differences are the introduction of a redundancy bit and the use of a constellation with double points. <p> In this thesis, a novel TCM encoder/decoder ASIC chip implementation is presented. This ASIC codec not only increases decoding speed but also reduces hardware complexity. The algorithm and technique are presented for a 16-state convolutional code which is used in standard 256-QAM wireless systems. In the decoder, a Hamming distance is used as a cost function to determine output in the maximum likelihood Viterbi decoder. Using the relationship between the delay states and the path state in the Trellis tree of the code, a pre-calculated Hamming distances are stored in a look-up table. In addition, an output look-up-table is generated to determine the decoder output. This table is established by the two relative delay states in the code. The thesis provides details of the algorithm and the structure of TCM codec chip. Besides using parallel processing, the ASIC implementation also uses pipelining to further increase decoding speed. <p> The codec was implemented in ASIC using standard 0.18Ým CMOS technology; the ASIC core occupied a silicon area of 1.1mm2. All register transfer level code of the codec was simulated and synthesized. The chip layout was generated and the final chip was fabricated by Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company through the Canadian Microelectronics Corporation. The functional testing of the fabricated codec was performed partially successful; the timing testing has not been fully accomplished because the chip was not always stable.
16

A novel high-speed trellis-coded modulation encoder/decoder ASIC design

Hu, Xiao 03 September 2003 (has links)
Trellis-coded Modulation (TCM) is used in bandlimited communication systems. TCM efficiency improves coding gain by combining modulation and forward error correction coding in one process. In TCM, the bandwidth expansion is not required because it uses the same symbol rate and power spectrum; the differences are the introduction of a redundancy bit and the use of a constellation with double points. <p> In this thesis, a novel TCM encoder/decoder ASIC chip implementation is presented. This ASIC codec not only increases decoding speed but also reduces hardware complexity. The algorithm and technique are presented for a 16-state convolutional code which is used in standard 256-QAM wireless systems. In the decoder, a Hamming distance is used as a cost function to determine output in the maximum likelihood Viterbi decoder. Using the relationship between the delay states and the path state in the Trellis tree of the code, a pre-calculated Hamming distances are stored in a look-up table. In addition, an output look-up-table is generated to determine the decoder output. This table is established by the two relative delay states in the code. The thesis provides details of the algorithm and the structure of TCM codec chip. Besides using parallel processing, the ASIC implementation also uses pipelining to further increase decoding speed. <p> The codec was implemented in ASIC using standard 0.18Ým CMOS technology; the ASIC core occupied a silicon area of 1.1mm2. All register transfer level code of the codec was simulated and synthesized. The chip layout was generated and the final chip was fabricated by Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company through the Canadian Microelectronics Corporation. The functional testing of the fabricated codec was performed partially successful; the timing testing has not been fully accomplished because the chip was not always stable.
17

Complex-Multiplier Implementation for Resource Flexible Pipelined FFTs in FPGAs

Thangella, Praneeth Kumar, Gundla, Aravind Reddy January 2009 (has links)
AbstractDifferent approaches for implementing a complex multiplier in pipelined FFT are considered andimplemented to find an efficient one in this project. The implemented design is synthesized on Cyclone IIand Stratix III to know the performance. The design is implemented with a focus of reducing the resourcesused. Some approaches resulted in the reduced number of DSP blocks and others resulted in reducednumber of LUTs. Analysis of Synthesis results is performed for different widths (bit lengths) of complexmultiplier approaches.
18

AN EFFECTIVE CACHE FOR THE ANYWHERE PIXEL ROUTER

Raghunathan, Vijai 01 January 2007 (has links)
Designing hardware to output pixels for light field displays or multi-projector systems is challenging owing to the memory bandwidth and speed of the application. A new technique of hardware that implements ‗anywhere pixel routing‘ was designed earlier at the University of Kentucky. This technique uses hardware to route pixels from input to output based upon a Look up Table (LUT). The initial design suffered from high memory latency due to random accesses to the DDR SDRAM input buffer. This thesis presents a cache design that alleviates the memory latency issue by reducing the number of random SDRAM accesses. The cache is implemented in the block RAM of a field programmable gate array (FPGA). A number of simulations are conducted to find an efficient cache. It is found that the cache takes only a few kilobits, about 7% of the block RAM and on an average speeds up the memory accesses by 20-30%.
19

The stylistic analysis of literary language in relation to English teaching in Hong Kong

Chan, Kam-wing, Philip. January 1987 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1987. / Also available in print.
20

Islam and individual predisposition to homosexuality

Terblanche, Dawood 03 1900 (has links)
The debate around the issue of homosexuals in Isl m has recently gained momentum globally. New arguments surfaced which were not discussed previously by the jurists. Some have argued that homosexuality is genetic and others believe it is caused by a hormonal imbalance. Isl m has given Muslims a comprehensive social system in which to operate. It has reserved explicit judgment on many pertinent issues and allowed research to address contemporary challenges by means of Ijtih d (personal reasoning). The Islamic judicial system states unequivocally and unambiguously that it expects from its followers to respect the judicial process. This thesis aims to address the most recent arguments by Muslim homosexuals. I will employ Qiy s (analogical deduction) to assess these latest claims and formulate an Islamic judgment regarding them. The formulation of this judgment, though, will take place sketching a legal and historical background of homosexuality in Isl m.

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