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Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-46). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Aberdeen University, 2009. / Title from web page (viewed on July 20, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1959. / Typescript. Abstracted in Dissertation abstracts, v. 20 (1959) no. 3, p. 1108-1109. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar e caracterizar o potencial produtivo de genótipos de milho utilizados para produção de silagem na região Sudoeste do Paraná, estimando-se a quantidade de leite produzido por cada genótipo e o custo operacional para produção de silagem, por meio de técnicas de modelagem. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR, Câmpus Dois Vizinhos),seguindo-se o delineamento em alfa látice, onde as parcelas experimentais tiveram formato retangular, compostas por duas fileiras de 5 m de comprimento, distanciadas 75 cm entre si, com espaçamento de 20 cm entre plantas na fileira. Foram avaliados no ano agrícola 2010/2011, 40 genótipos de milho provenientes do ensaio “sul”, do ciclo precoce-normal, 30 genótipos do ensaio “sul”, do ciclo super-precoce e 24 genótipos do ensaio “centro”, do ciclo super-precoce. Os genótipos avaliados fazem parte dos Ensaios de Competição de Cultivares de Milho da EMBRAPA (Milho e Sorgo), os quais são conduzidos anualmente em diversas regiões brasileiras. Avaliou-se características bromatológicas e agronômicas dos genótipos, sendo posteriormente utilizadas para realizar a estimativa da produção leiteira e do custo operacional para produção de silagem. Em função dos resultados apresentados pelos genótipos avaliados, conclui-se que, a escolha do genótipo a se utilizar para produção de silagem na atividade leiteira, não deve ser baseado apenas nas características bromatológicas e agronômicas, mas deve-se também levar em consideração os parâmetros produtivos e econômicos. / The objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize the potential productivity of maize genotypes used for silage production in the Southwest region of Paraná, estimating the amount of milk produced by each genotype and operating cost for silage, through techniques modeling. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR, Câmpus Dois Vizinhos), followed by a randomized complete alpha lattice, where plots were rectangular, composed of two rows of 5 m length, spaced 75 cm apart, with spacing of 20 cm between plants in the row. Were evaluated in the agricultural year 2010/2011, 40 maize genotypes from test "south" of the early cycle-normal 30 genotypes essay "south", cycle super-early and 24 genotypes essay "center" of the cycle super-early. The genotypes are part of Trials Competition Cultivar of Corn EMBRAPA (Milho e Sorgo), which are conducted annually in several regions. Evaluated agronomic and chemical characteristics of the genotypes, and subsequently used to perform the estimation of milk production and operating cost for silage. In light of the results presented by genotypes, it is concluded that the choice of the genotype to be used for silage in the dairy should not be based solely on agronomic and chemical characteristics, but should also take into account the parameters productive and economic.

Six lactating Ayrshire heifers were used to study the utilization of energy and the energy requirements for milk production at different stages of lactation and at different levels of production. The heifers produced an average of 5175 kg 4% FCM during lactation. Gross energetic efficiency of milk production declined from 47.58% at the beginning of lactation to 29.93% at the end of lactation. The over-all gross energetic efficiency was 36.42 ±5.55%. There was a highly significant (P < .01) positive correlation (r = 0.91) between gross energetic efficiency and 4% FCM production. High net energetic efficiencies of milk production were associated with early stages of lactation or high levels of production. The overall net energetic efficiency was 64.22 ± 5.20%. This was equivalent to a requirement of 1.187 ±0.089 megacalories digestible energy /kg 4% FCM or 270 ±20 grams TDN/kg 4% FCM. These requirements were significantly (P < .01) lower than NRC recommendations. There was a highly significant (P < .01) difference between heifers in their daily net energetic requirements. A highly significant (P < .01) positive correlation (r = 0.88) was found between net energetic efficiency and 4% FCM production. Total energy balance trials were conducted. By using an assumed maintenance requirement of 131 kcal ME/Wkg.75 to calculate the efficiency of ME utilization for milk production, the efficiency with which ME was converted to milk decreased gradually from 55.37% in early lactation to 52.11% in late lactation. Higher efficiencies of ME utilization in early stages of lactation were attributed to tissue mobilization. A significant (P < .01) difference between heifers in their efficiency of ME utilization for milk production was observed, while period effect was non-significant. By either simple linear regression analysis of ME available for milk plus maintenance on milk energy or multiple regression analysis of dietary ME on milk energy, tissue loss and metabolic body size, the efficiency of ME utilization for milk production was estimated to be 69.2 to 70.0% with a maintenance requirement of 183.5 to 184.5 kcal ME/kg .75. Multiple regression analysis showed that tissue energy was utilized for milk production with an efficiency of 98.5%. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(医学) / 乙第13069号 / 論医博第2124号 / 新制||医||1019(附属図書館) / 33220 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 小川 修, 教授 篠原 隆司, 教授 斎藤 通紀 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

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