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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

An Analysis of the Morrison Formation’s Terrestrial Faunal Diversity Across Disparate Environments of Deposition, Including the Aaron Scott Site Dinosaur Quarry in Central Utah

Esker, Donald Anton 16 April 2009 (has links)
No description available.
72

Interaction entre la tectonique salifère et la sédimentation dans des mini-bassins : Exemple de l’Oligo-Miocène du bassin de Sivas, Turquie / Interaction between salt tectonic and sedimentation within salt-related mini-basins : the case of the Oligo-Miocene formations in the Sivas Basin, Turkey

Ribes, Charlotte 11 December 2015 (has links)
L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser l’évolution d’une province à mini-bassins salifères, en s’appuyant sur l’étude des variations spatiales et temporelles de faciès, d’épaisseurs ainsi que des géométries développées lors du fluage des évaporites. L’exemple naturel investigué est le bassin de Sivas, situé sur le Plateau central Anatolien en Turquie. Ce bassin d’avant-pays enregistre à l’Oligo-Miocène la formation de nombreux mini-bassins secondaires au-dessus d’un niveau d’évaporites allochtones. A partir d’une cartographie et d’une description détaillées des séries sédimentaires accumulées dans les mini-bassins de Sivas, nous avons pu identifier trois ensembles tectono-sédimentaires cohérents :• la formation Karayün (Oligocène moyen à supérieur), constituée de dépôts de playa-lake, fluviatile en tresse et fluvio-lacustre, interprétée comme proche d’un système fluviatile en distributaires ;• la formation Karacaören (Oligocène supérieur, Miocène inférieur), interprétée comme une série alternante entre une rampe mixte deltaïque et carbonatée, et des dépôts de lagune et de plaine côtière ;• la formation de Benlikaya (Miocène), constituée de dépôts de cônes alluviaux, fluviatiles en tresse et playa-lake, interprétée également comme proche d’un système fluviatile en distributaires.Malgré de nombreuses variations de l’épaisseur et de la succession sédimentaire inter- et intra-bassins, des unités stratigraphiques équivalentes ont pu être déterminées à partir de l’identification de lignes isochrones marquant des changements de tendances. Nous avons montré alors que le système sédimentaire de chacun des mini-bassins est contrôlé au premier ordre par trois facteurs interdépendants, à savoir :• l’accommodation par halocinèse, provoquant la surrection des diapirs et des murs périphériques lors de la subsidence du mini-bassin. Ce fluage des évaporites produit des variations intra-basinales de faciès et d’épaisseurs, associées à des déformations syn-sédimentaires en bordure de mini-bassins. À plus grande échelle, ces objets salifères produisent une compartimentation inter-bassins des environnements de dépôts.• le taux d’accumulation sédimentaire, qui influence la faciologie et l’architecture stratigraphique des dépôts.• l’accommodation régionale, lié à la flexure du bassin, à l’origine du dépôt de série isopaques pouvant recouvrir les diapirs et finalement masquer l’influence salifère.À ces paramètres communs aux provinces salifères, nous ajoutons, l’influence des contraintes tectoniques compressives qui modifient les rétroactions entres ces facteurs. / The aim of this thesis is to investigate the development of a salt-related mini-basin province, based on spatial and temporal changes in the facies assemblages, stratigraphic architecture and thicknesses, as well as stratal structures related to salt movement. The study area is the Sivas Basin, located in the Central Anatolian Plateau of Turkey, which is a foreland basin that records the formation during the Oligo-Miocene of numerous secondary mini-basins on top of an allochthonous evaporite canopy. Through detailed mapping of the Sivas mini-basin province, we provide a new and comprehensive description of the stratigraphic vertical succession including:• the Karayün Fm (Mid to upper Oligocene), comprising playa-lake, fluvial braided and fluvio-lacustrine deposits, and interpreted as a large distributive fluvial system;• the Karacaören Fm (Up. Oligocene to Low. Miocene), comprising two main sub-environments: mixed deltaic and carbonate ramp, alternating with coastal plain and restricted lagoon;• the Benlikaya Fm (Miocene), comprising alluvial fan, fluvial braided and playa-lake deposits interpreted also as a large distributive fluvial system;Within neighbouring minibasins and despite a similar vertical stratigraphic succession, variations are observed in stratigraphic units of equivalent age within and between minibasins. At the first order, we have defined three factors that dictate the pattern of mini-basin filling:• salt-induced accommodation producing local faciologic and stratigraphic thickness changes, and halokinetic structures along mini-basin borders. At larger scale, salt structures result in a compartmentalization of facies between basins.• The sediment supply rate, which affects facies assemblage and stratigraphic architecture.• Tectonically driven regional accommodation attributed to the foreland flexure, inducing the deposition of relatively isopachous series draping and finally obscuring the salt topography.In addition, these three factors are largely influenced by shortening during the evolution of the Sivas fold-and-thrust-belt.
73

Die Sedimente des Steißlinger Sees (Hegau, Süddeutschland) / - Ein Archiv für zeitlich hochaufgelöste geochemische Untersuchungen zu Umweltveränderungen im Holozän. / The sediments of Lake Steisslingen (Southern Germany) / - A high resolution geochemical record of Holocene environmental change.

Eusterhues, Karin 20 April 2000 (has links)
No description available.
74

Trends and rates of mercury and arsenic in sediments accumulated in the last 80 years in the climatic-sensitive Mar Chiquita system, Central Argentina

Stupar, Yohana Vanesa 06 December 2013 (has links) (PDF)
In South America and especially in Argentina, the behaviour of mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) mainly in sediments remains poorly understood. The Mar Chiquita system and more particularly the Laguna del Plata with its associated Suquía River basin is used here as a case study to identify the dynamic of these two trace elements. Their distribution in space and time are studied in relation with the anthropic presence and the hydrological conditions that importantly changed in the last century.The methodology consisted first to study the spatial distribution of mercury and arsenic thanks to the analysis of water and sediments taken all along the Suquía River and Laguna del Plata. Secondly, the sampling and study of a sediment core taken in Laguna del Plata allowed to evaluate variations of Hg and As with time.The implementation of selective extractions allowed to better identify Hg and As bearing phases. The global interpretation of the results and the support of satellites images revealed the important role played by climate changes and hydrological variations in the control of mercury and arsenic behaviour within the Mar Chiquita system. The combination of these different approaches revealed that the dynamic of mercury and arsenic shows contrast behaviour. Hg concentrations are low when the climate conditions are dry and lake-level is low. They are mainly associated to sulphurs carried by the Suquía River. The augmentation in regional precipitations produced higher runoff, rise in the lake-level and an increment in Hg accumulations. In this period Hg is mainly associated to the organic matter. As instead is contributed to the lake in solution and by the influence of winds from the loessic Chaco Pampean Plain in drier periods. As is associated to reactive Fe and Mn oxyhydroxides throughout the core. High concentrations in the bottom of the core are also associated to sulphides while in the middle and upper part As concentrations are as well associated with carbonates.
75

Environmentální dynamika svrchního pleistocénu ve střední Evropě: multidisciplinární výzkum spraší, paleopůd a jezerních sedimentů / Upper Pleistocene environmental dynamics in central Europe: multidisciplinary research of loess/paleosols sequences and lacustrine sediments

Hošek, Jan January 2017 (has links)
The principal goal of this thesis was to provide relevant information on the spatiotemporal dynamics of erosion-sedimentation and weathering processes in the last climatic cycle and to interpret the obtained data in the context of European paleoenvironmental development. Representative sequences of loess, paleosols and lacustrine sediments from the area of the Bohemian Massif, the Carpathian Foredeep, the the Vienna Basin and the northern edge of the Panno-nian Basin were investigated using a wide range of instru-mental tools and paleontological methods. A uniform analytical approach applied to these sedimentary facies has provided ample new information about the paleoclimatolog-ical and paleoenvironmental development of East-Central Europe - an important region in the transition zone from oceanic to continental macro-climatic settings. The individu-al studies included in this PhD thesis cover the complete period of the Upper Pleistocene (MIS 5-2; ~130-12.7 ky BP) and are presented as separate chapters in the order of the superposition of strata. Chapters III/1-3 deal with the results of research into six loess/paleosol sequences (LPSs) situated in the Central Bohemian Massif, throughout the Moravian Valleys, and at the northwest and north edge of the Pannonian Basin. A detailed paleoenvironmental...
76

Structures et processus de minéralisation et de diagenèse des tapis microbiens actuels en domaines hypersalins continental et marin / Processes and products of mineralization and early diagenesis in modern hypersaline microbial mats : comparison of continental and marine domains

Pace, Aurélie 26 September 2016 (has links)
Les microbialithes sont des dépôts organosédimentaires benthiques résultant de la minéralisation et de la lithification de tapis microbiens, et dont les plus anciennes formes, se développant il y a 3.4 Ga, constituèrent les premiers écosystèmes terrestres. Ils forment alors une archive sédimentaire unique incluant des périodes clés de l’histoire géologique. Ce travail de thèse se propose d’analyser et de comparer les processus et produits de minéralisation dans les tapis microbiens actuels de deux environnements contrastés : un exemple de lac intracontinental hypersalin, le Grand Lac salé (GSL) aux USA ; une lagune hypersaline à alimentation marine, à Cayo Coco (Cuba) (CCLN). Le devenir des minéraux au cours de la diagenèse précoce, ainsi que leur potentiel d’enregistrement de biosignatures seront particulièrement analysés. Cette thèse se focalisera spécialement sur l’influence de trois facteurs majeurs contrôlant la minéralogie et la fabrique des microbialithes : (i) le rôle de la chimie du milieu (ii) le rôle des métabolismes microbiens (le moteur de l’alcalinité) ; (iii) le rôle de la production et de la dégradation des matrices organiques extracellulaires (EOM). Les deux cas d’études démontrent un rôle prépondérant de la production d’EOM par les cyanobactéries et leur dégradation par les bactéries hétérotrophes dans la minéralisation : (1) Dans les deux systèmes, la première phase minérale a précipiter sur les EOM alvéolaires est une phase riche en magnésium et en silicium. Ce type de minéraux nécessite des pH>8.6-8.7 pour cristalliser. (2) Une autre observation commune est que les carbonates cristallisent souvent dans des zones de forte activité des bactéries sulfato-réductrices (SRB). Notre hypothèse est que les SRB dégradent les EOM, libérant des cations (Mg2+ et Ca2+) disponibles pour la cristallisation des carbonates. Dans les tapis du CCLN et contrairement au GSL, nos résultats démontrent une forte activité de photosynthèse anoxygénique par les bactéries pourpres sulfureuses (PSB). La limite entre la zone oxique et la zone anoxique est caractérisée par un pH maximum et coïncide avec la formation d’une lamine de carbonates. Deux différences majeures sont observées entre les paragenèses du GSL et du CCLN : (1) le locus initial de la précipitation des carbonates. Dans le GSL, l’aragonite précipite dans les cyanobactéries, perminéralise leur paroi et enfin la matrice organique. Pour Cuba, une calcite magnésienne péloïdale précipite sur les EOM puis rempli les bactéries ; (2) la minéralogie et l’évolution des carbonates lors de la diagenèse précoce. Les microbialithes du GSL montrent une aragonite partiellement dissoute et une dolomite venant se développer à sa périphérie. Au CCLN, de l’aragonite se développe en surcroissance des peloïdes de HMC précédemment formés. Les différences minéralogiques des carbonates entre les deux systèmes pourraient s’expliquer par un changement du rapport Mg/Ca. Les résultats pourront être utilisés afin de mieux interpréter les conditions paléoenvironnementales et les processus microbiens en jeu dans des microbialithes de registres fossiles analogues. / Microbialites are benthic organosedimentary deposits resulting of the mineralization and lithification of the microbial mats, and the most ancient forms, developing there are 3.4 Ga, are the first earthly ecosystem. They form a unique sedimentary archive including key periods of the geological history. This study proposes to analyze and compare the processes and the products of mineralization in the modern microbial mats of two different environments: an example of intracontinental modern lake, the Great Salt Lake (USA; GSL); a lagoonal marine sea fed in Cayo Coco (Cuba; CCLN). The mineral product during of the primary diagenesis, as that them potential of biosignatures recording will be particularly detailed. This work will focus on the influence of three major factors controlling the mineralogy and the fabric of the microbialites: (i) environment chemistry role, (ii) microbial metabolisms role, (iii) role of the production and degradation of the extracellular organic matrix (EOM). Both environments studied show a high role of the EOM production by cyanobacteria and them degradation by the heterotrophic bacteria in the mineralization: (1) In both systems, the first phase to precipitate on the alveolar EOM is a rich magnesium and silica phase. This type of mineral needs pH around 8.6/8.7 to precipitate. (2) An other common observation is that carbonate precipitate generally in the high sulfate-reducing activity zones. Our hypothesis is that the sulfato-reducing bacteria (SRB) degrade the EOM, releasing cations (Mg2+ and Ca2+) available for carbonate crystallization. The limit between the oxic and anoxic zones is characterized by maximum pH coinciding with the precipitation of carbonate lamina. Two mains differences have been observed between the paragenesis both systems: (1) initial locus of the carbonate precipitation. In the GSL, the aragonite precipitates in the bacteria and then permineralizes the wall of bacteria and then the EOM network. In Cuba, the peloidal magnesian calcite precipitates on the EOM then fill the bacteria; (2) the mineralogy and the evolution of the carbonate during the preliminary diagenesis. The microbialithes of GSL show the aragonite partly dissolved and a dolomite developing next to the aragonite. In the CCLN, aragonite developing around the magnesian calcite peloids. The mineralogical carbonate differences between both systems could explain by a change of the Mg/Ca. The results could be used to better understand and interpret the paleoenvironmental conditions and the microbial processes stake in ancient microbialite analogs.
77

Stratigraphy and Depositional History of the Pantano Formation (Oligocene-Early Miocene), Pima County, Arizona

Balcer, Richard Allen January 1984 (has links)
The Pantano Formation comprises 1,250 m of alluvial, fluvial, lacustrine, and volcanic rocks deposited in a basin formed in response to regional extension during mid- Tertiary time in southeastern Arizona. During deposition, the locations and composition of sediment source areas varied as contemporaneous uplift occurred adjacent to the basin. The lower half of the formation was deposited as alluvial fans that prograded northward, westward, and southward; the upper half was deposited during southwestward retreat of alluvial fan deposition and the onset of lacustrine deposition. An andesite flow separates the two depositional regimes. Radiometric dates of 24.4 ± 2.6 m.y. B.P. for the andesite and 36.7 ± 1.1 m.y. B.P. for a rhyolitic tuff disconformably underlying the formation indicate that deposition occurred during Oligocene to early Miocene time. Proper stratigraphic sequencing and description, paleocurrent analysis, and gravel provenance study aided in understanding the depositional history of the formation.
78

Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions in a Eutrophic Lake – Impacts of Lacustrine Groundwater Discharge on Water and Nutrient Budgets

Meinikmann, Karin 04 September 2017 (has links)
Die Arbeit besteht aus mehreren Studien zur Quantifizierung des Grundwasserstroms in Seen (Exfiltration; engl.: lacustrine groundwater discharge, LGD) und damit verbundener Nährstoffeinträge. In zwei einleitenden Kapiteln dieser Arbeit werden eine Gründe für die Vernachlässigung der Grundwasserexfiltration (LGD) in Seen und der daran gekoppelten Nährstoffeinträge identifiziert. Diese Literaturstudien fassen den aktuellen Kenntnisstand zum Einfluss des Grundwassers auf die Hydrologie von Seen und ihre Nährstoffhaushalte zusammen. Den Kern der vorliegenden Arbeit bilden zwei empirische Studien, die sich mit der Quantifizierung der grundwasserbürtigen Phosphor (P)-Fracht in den Arendsee in Deutschland befassen. Das Gesamtvolumen des Grundwasserzustroms wird basierend auf der Grundwasserneubildung im Einzugsgebiet des Sees ermittelt. Lokale Muster der Grundwasserexfiltration werden anhand von Temperaturtiefenprofilen des Seesediments bestimmt. Eine Kombination der Ergebnisse ermöglicht es, die quantitativen Daten mit lokalen Informationen zu unterstützen. Die Untersuchung der Grundwasserqualität zeigt, dass die P-Konzentrationen im Grundwasser im besiedelten Bereich teilweise stark erhöht sind. Als Konsequenz daraus haben die grundwasserbürtigen P-Frachten einen Anteil von mehr als 50% an der gesamten externen P-Last des Arendsees. Das Grundwasser ist damit eine maßgebliche Ursache für die Eutrophierung des Gewässers. Drei weitere Studien widmen sich der Entwicklung und Optimierung von Ansätzen zur qualitativen und quantitativen Bestimmung der Grundwasserexfiltration in Seen. Die kritische Auseinandersetzung mit den Ergebnissen der Studien zeigt die Notwendigkeit weiterer Forschung zur Verbesserung und Standardisierung der Methoden zur Bestimmung von LGD und damit verbundenen Stofftransporten auf. Der Fall des Arendsees sollte alle, Wissenschaftler und Praktiker, dazu motivieren, das Grundwasser als relevante Eutrophierungsquelle in Betracht zu ziehen. / The present work is a collection of studies on lacustrine groundwater discharge (LGD) and groundwater-borne phosphorus (P) loads. For a number of reasons, groundwater exfiltration (i.e., LGD) is often not considered in water and nutrient budgets of lakes. This is also and especially true for P which was often regarded to be immobile in groundwater until recently. Two chapters review the scientific literature regarding the impacts of groundwater on hydrology and nutrient budgets of lakes, respectively. They present mechanisms and processes of LGD as well as techniques and methods to measure LGD and related nutrient transports. Moreover, numbers of LGD volumes and loads reported in literature are presented. The core of the present work is represented by two case studies dealing with the quantification of P loads from LGD to a lake in Germany. A combination of different methods is applied to overcome the problem of quantitative large scale LGD determination without losing local spatial information. P concentrations in groundwater and LGD are investigated by detailed spatial water sampling. The results reveal that P is actually present in concentrations far above natural background concentrations in the urban groundwater. LGD-derived P loads account for more than 50% of the overall external P loads to the lake and by that contribute significantly to lake eutrophication. Three further studies are devoted to the development and improvement of approaches to determine LGD. Critical reviews of the above mentioned studies reveal the need for further research in order to standardize and improve methods for LGD and mass load determination. It is found that the appropriate method for LGD determination depends on the spatial scale of interest. The identification of P introduced by LGD as a main driver of lake eutrophication is an important finding which should encourage scientists, policy makers, and lake managers to consider groundwater as a relevant P source for lakes.
79

Trends and rates of mercury and arsenic in sediments accumulated in the last 80 years in the climatic-sensitive Mar Chiquita system, Central Argentina

Stupar, Yohana Vanesa 06 December 2013 (has links)
En Amérique du Sud et notamment en Argentine, le comportement du mercure (Hg) et de l’arsenic (As) principalement dans les sédiments est encore peu compris. Le système de Mar Chiquita et plus particulièrement le lac Laguna del Plata, recevant les eaux de la rivière Suquía, sert ici de cadre à l’étude de la dynamique de ces deux éléments trace. Leurs distributions dans l’espace et le temps sont analysées en lien avec l’influence anthropique et les conditions hydrologiques qui ont changé de manière importante au cours du dernier siècle. L’approche retenue a consisté tout d’abord à examiner la distribution spatiale du mercure et de l’arsenic à travers l’analyse des eaux et sédiments pris le long de la rivière Suquía et dans Laguna del Plata. Dans un second temps, l’étude fine d’une carotte de sédiment prélevée dans Laguna del Plata a permis d’analyser les variations temporelles de Hg et As. De plus, la réalisation d’extractions sélectives a conduit à l’identification des phases porteuses de Hg et As. L’interprétation globale des résultats et l’appui des images satellites ont révélé le rôle majeur joué par les changements climatiques et les variations hydrologiques dans le contrôle du comportement du mercure et de l’arsenic au sein du système de Mar Chiquita. Au final, l’association des différentes approches a démontré les comportements différents du mercure et de l’arsenic. Les concentrations de mercure sont faibles quand les conditions climatiques sont plus arides et le niveau du lac bas. Elles sont principalement associées aux sulfures transportés par les sédiments de la rivière Suquía. La hausse des précipitations régionales aboutit à un ruissellement plus important et une montée du niveau du lac conduisant à l’augmentation d’accumulation de mercure. Durant cette période, Hg est principalement associé à la matière organique. L’arsenic, quant à lui, est apporté en solution par les eaux jusqu’au lac et, durant les périodes plus sèches, un apport supplémentaire s’effectue par les vents balayant la plaine loessique de Chaco Pampean. Dans la carotte de sédiment, l’arsenic est associé aux oxyhydroxydes réactifs de fer et de manganèse. Ses fortes concentrations dans la partie basse de la carotte sont également liées aux sulfures mais sont aussi associées, dans les parties moyenne et haute, aux carbonates. / In South America and especially in Argentina, the behaviour of mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) mainly in sediments remains poorly understood. The Mar Chiquita system and more particularly the Laguna del Plata with its associated Suquía River basin is used here as a case study to identify the dynamic of these two trace elements. Their distribution in space and time are studied in relation with the anthropic presence and the hydrological conditions that importantly changed in the last century.The methodology consisted first to study the spatial distribution of mercury and arsenic thanks to the analysis of water and sediments taken all along the Suquía River and Laguna del Plata. Secondly, the sampling and study of a sediment core taken in Laguna del Plata allowed to evaluate variations of Hg and As with time.The implementation of selective extractions allowed to better identify Hg and As bearing phases. The global interpretation of the results and the support of satellites images revealed the important role played by climate changes and hydrological variations in the control of mercury and arsenic behaviour within the Mar Chiquita system. The combination of these different approaches revealed that the dynamic of mercury and arsenic shows contrast behaviour. Hg concentrations are low when the climate conditions are dry and lake-level is low. They are mainly associated to sulphurs carried by the Suquía River. The augmentation in regional precipitations produced higher runoff, rise in the lake-level and an increment in Hg accumulations. In this period Hg is mainly associated to the organic matter. As instead is contributed to the lake in solution and by the influence of winds from the loessic Chaco Pampean Plain in drier periods. As is associated to reactive Fe and Mn oxyhydroxides throughout the core. High concentrations in the bottom of the core are also associated to sulphides while in the middle and upper part As concentrations are as well associated with carbonates. / En Sudamérica y especialmente en Argentina, el comportamiento del mercurio (Hg) y del arsénico (As) principalmente en los sedimentos sigue siendo poco conocido. El sistema de Mar Chiquita y más particularmente la Laguna del Plata, asociada con la cuenca río Suquía se utiliza aquí como un caso de estudio para identificar la dinámica de estos dos elementos traza. Su distribución en el espacio y el tiempo son estudiados en relación con la presencia antrópica y las condiciones hidrológicas que fluctuaron grandemente en el siglo pasadoLa metodología consistió primero en estudiar la distribución espacial de mercurio y arsénico, gracias al análisis de agua y sedimentos tomadas a lo largo del río Suquía y en la Laguna del Plata. En segundo lugar, la recolección de muestras y el estudio de un núcleo de sedimento tomadas en Laguna del Plata les permitió evaluar las variaciones de Hg y As en el tiempo. La puesta en práctica de extracciones selectivas permitió identificar de una mejor manera las fases portadoras de Hg y As. La interpretación global de los resultados y el apoyo en el análisis de imágenes satelitales revelan el importante papel desempeñado por los cambios climáticos y las variaciones hidrológicas en el control del comportamiento de mercurio y arsénico en el sistema de Mar Chiquita. La combinación de estos diferentes enfoques reveló que la dinámica del mercurio y del arsénico muestra un comportamiento contrastante. Las concentraciones de mercurio son bajas cuando las condiciones climáticas son secas y el nivel de la laguna es bajo. Éstas se asocian principalmente a sulfuros transportados por el río Suquía. El aumento en las precipitaciones regionales produjo mayor escorrentía, aumento en el nivel de la laguna y un incremento en la acumulación de Hg. En este período el Hg se asocia principalmente a la materia orgánica. Por el contrario, As es aportado a la laguna en solución y por la influencia de los vientos provenientes de la llanura Chaco Pampeana en periodos secos. As está asociado a oxihidróxidos reactivos de Fe y de Mn en todo el núcleo de sedimentos. Las altas concentraciones en la parte inferior del núcleo de sedimentos también se asocian a los sulfuros, mientras que en la parte media y superior las concentraciones de As están asociadas a los carbonatos. / Na América do Sul , especialmente na Argentina, o comportamento do mercúrio (Hg) e arsênio (As), principalmente em sedimentos permanece mal compreendida. Sistema de Mar Chiquita, e mais particularmente a Laguna del Plata, associada a bacia do rio Suquía é usado aqui como um estudo de caso para identificar a dinâmica desses dois elementos-traço. A sua distribuição no espaço e no tempo são estudados em relação à presença antrópica e as condições hidrológicas que oscilou muito no século passadoA metodologia foi o primeiro a estudar a distribuição espacial de mercúrio e arsênico, graças à análise de água e sedimentos tomadas ao longo do rio Suquía ea Laguna del Plata. Em segundo lugar, a coleta de amostras eo estudo de um núcleo de sedimentos tomada em Laguna del Plata lhes permitiu avaliar as mudanças na Hg e As em tempo.A implementação de extrações seletivas permitido uma melhor maneira de identificar as fases de transporte de Hg e As como a interpretação global dos resultados e apoio na análise de imagens de satélite revelam o importante papel desempenhado por mudanças no clima e as variações hidrológicas controlar o comportamento do mercúrio e arsênio em sistema de Mar Chiquita. A combinação destas diferentes abordagens revelaram que a dinâmica de mercúrio e arsénio mostra um comportamento contrastante. As concentrações de mercúrio são baixos quando as condições meteorológicas são secos e o nível do lago está baixo. Estes são principalmente associado com sulfetos transportados pelo rio Suquía. O aumento da precipitação regional, produzido mais do escoamento, aumento do nível da laguna e um aumento na acumulação de Hg . Durante este período, Hg está associada principalmente com matéria orgânica. Em contraste, como contribuiu para a lagoa em solução e As influência dos ventos do Chaco pampeana em períodos secos. Como está associada com reagentes oxihidróxidos Fe e Mn em todo o núcleo do sedimento . Concentrações elevadas no sedimento de fundo do núcleo também estão associados sulfuretos, enquanto que as porções média e superior, como as concentrações estão associadas com os carbonatos.
80

Korelace abiotických proxy v holocenních jezerních sedimentech peri-Atlantské Arktidy / Correlation of abiotic proxies in Holocene lacustrine sediments of Peri-Atlantic Arctic

Roman, Matěj January 2017 (has links)
The peri-Atlantic Arctic, one of the most sensitive components of the Earth climate system, experienced pronounced climatic fluctuations during the Holocene. Several external forcings were considered responsible for these variations, including decline of insolation on the Northern Hemisphere, changes in distribution of land ice mass, explosive volcanism, or changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation. In order to explore the driving mechanisms of the peri-Atlantic Arctic environmental variability, three sites located in different parts of the region were selected for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions with focus on extracting the climatic information. With this intention, sedimentary cores from i) Lake Garmaksla, Central Svalbard, ii) Jarfjorden, northeastern Norway, and iii) Kobbefjord area, southwestern Greenland, were retrieved and subjected to multi-proxy investigation. The absolute chronostratigraphic framework was established by comprehensive radiocarbon (14 C) and short-lived radioisotopes (210 Pb, 137 Cs) dating. Further analyses include measurements of magnetic susceptibility, grain size distribution, element composition by means of X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and elements bound to organic matter, i.e. organic carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and biogenic silica. The relationships between the...

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