Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Also available online.

本論文旨在探討YouTube上的博客怎樣演繹他們線上的身份。本文重點探討三個在視頻上用語言表達的方法，分別是說話、字幕和註解。YouTube是一個網上流行的視頻分享網站，但也可以視為進行社交的一個平台。是次研究採用三個語言學的層面探討問題，分別是言語行為、觀點和反諷。在多媒體研究的層面下，言語行為在研究中被重新定義為溝通行為。本研究旨在了解博客如何用多媒體的溝通表達方法表達言語行為、觀點和反諷，以至如何演繹他們線上的身份。 / 是次研究探討六個常博客，結合了定量和質量的分析方法。視頻在語言表達方法的框架下被輯錄，然後用兩個層面去分析。本研究首先詳細探討每一個表達方法有什麼不同的用處，然後在探討這些方法結合後怎樣表達語言。 / 本研究採用社會學的方法，目的在探討先前題過的方法怎樣表達出博客的身份，重點在博客如何以反諷表達。是次研究結果亦指出博客如何學會在YouTube上講和寫，以達到他們想有更多影片觀看者的動力。 / 本論文表現出一個傳統的言語行為理論怎樣在線上多媒體的研究上發揮作用。言語行為能被重新定義為多個小事件的結合。研究亦發現了新的言語行為種類，而這些種類是多媒體溝通才能遇見得到的。本研究解釋了反諷如何在線上多媒體進行表現和內涵的語言是並存的。本研究亦討論了博客線上和線下的身份如何取得平衡。 / 本論文提出了本研究採用的方法與傳統研究的方法有什麼抵觸，尤其是在資料收集方法和研究倫理的層面上。本論文提出機密度和匿名度如何在線上研究收到對待。 / This thesis is an investigation into the identity performance of YouTube vloggers (videobloggers), with emphasis on how that is achieved linguistically by three modes of communication available in a video: speech, subtitle, and annotation. YouTube is a popular video-sharing site that is also seen as a platform for social networking. The study looks into three aspects of linguistic analysis: speech act analysis, stancetaking, and verbal irony. Speech acts in this study are redefined as communicative acts to suit the multimodal nature of YouTube vlogs. This study aims to understand vloggers’ identity performance by investigating the use of communicative modes to perform communicative acts, stances, and irony. / Six vloggers participated in the study, which adopted a mixed method approach to data collection and analysis, alchemizing quantitative counting analysis with qualitative interview methods. Vlogs from the informants were transcribed with respect to the three modes of communication of interest, and analyzed in two ways. First, the modes were analyzed separately, revealing how vloggers use these modes differently. Next, the modes were investigated as a whole, looking into the essence of multimodal communication: how cross-modal interactions (mode-mixing and mode-switching) are performed. / A socialistic approach to discourse was adopted to investigate how the aforementioned performance of communicative acts informs vloggers’ identity performance. More specifically, this study looked at how irony is realized by communicative acts and alternations of stances, and how the performance of irony is related to the vloggers’ online identity performance. Findings also revealed vloggers’ learning of how to speak and write in order to become popular and attract more viewers, which is one of their motivations of vlogging. / This thesis demonstrates that the traditional linguistic model of speech acts can be adapted to the context of online multimodal communication with adjustments in definition: by seeing acts as a combination of microevents which interact to make meaning. The study also reports on newly identified categories of communicative acts made possible by multimodal discourse. The investigation reveals how irony is realized in multimodal communication, in which the surface and intended meaning are both present. The study discusses how these practices inform the performance of vloggers’ online identity, and how online and offline identities are maintained in balance. / The methods adopted in the study raise questions of how traditional conducts of research should be understood in the context of online research, particularly in the realm of data collection methods and research ethics. This thesis includes a thorough discussion of how confidentiality and anonymity are treated in this context. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Lien, Feng Pierre. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-146). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Abstract (English) --- p.ii / Abstract (Chinese) --- p.iv / Acknowledgements --- p.vi / Table of Contents --- p.viii / List of Figures and Tables --- p.xii / Transcription Conventions --- p.xv / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Overview --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2. --- The Advent of Web 2.0, YouTube, and Social Networking: An Auto-ethnographic Account --- p.1 / Chapter 1.3. --- YouTube: An Overview --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3.1. --- The Mechanics of YouTube --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3.2. --- From an Epistemic to an Affective Site: Social Networking on YouTube --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.3. --- Identity Construction on YouTube --- p.12 / Chapter 1.4. --- From Experience to Theory: Perspectives Taken in this Study --- p.14 / Chapter 1.5. --- Research Aims and Research Questions --- p.16 / Chapter 1.6. --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.17 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.19 / Chapter 2.1. --- Introduction --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2. --- Orality and Literacy --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3. --- Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Past Studies of CMC and Computer-Mediated Discourse (CMD) --- p.23 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- Cyberdiscursivity: When Orality and Literacy are not enough --- p.26 / Chapter 2.3.3. --- YouTube as a CMCMD --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4. --- Linguistic Discourse and Multimodality --- p.30 / Chapter 2.4.1. --- Cross-modal interaction: Mode-switching and Mode-mixing --- p.32 / Chapter 2.5. --- Language and Identity in CMC --- p.34 / Chapter 2.5.1. --- Identity Performance in CMC --- p.35 / Chapter 2.5.2. --- Multimodal Identities in CMC --- p.39 / Chapter 2.5.3. --- Identity and Stancetaking in CMD --- p.40 / Chapter 2.6. --- Language as Performatives: Speech Acts and Communicative Acts --- p.42 / Chapter 2.6.1. --- Speech Acts in CMC: Expanding the Framework --- p.45 / Chapter 2.6.2. --- Identity and Playfulness in CMC --- p.46 / Chapter 2.6.2.1. --- Humor and Irony in CMC --- p.47 / Chapter 2.6.2.2. --- Irony and Communicative Acts --- p.50 / Chapter 2.7. --- Summary --- p.51 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Methodology --- p.53 / Chapter 3.1. --- Introduction --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2. --- Reprise of Research Aims and Research Questions --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3. --- Multiple-Case Study --- p.54 / Chapter 3.3.1. --- Informants --- p.55 / Chapter 3.4. --- Data Collection --- p.57 / Chapter 3.4.1. --- Vlog linguistic transcriptions --- p.57 / Chapter 3.4.2. --- Interview Data --- p.61 / Chapter 3.5. --- Procedure --- p.63 / Chapter 3.6. --- Pilot Study with Lindsey --- p.65 / Chapter 3.7. --- Challenges and Insights in Online Methodological Design --- p.68 / Chapter 3.7.1. --- Online Interviews --- p.68 / Chapter 3.7.2. --- Ethics of Online Research --- p.70 / Chapter 3.8. --- Summary --- p.73 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Communicative Acts and Irony on Vlogs --- p.75 / Chapter 4.1. --- Introduction --- p.75 / Chapter 4.2. --- Overview of Vloggers and Their Vlogs --- p.75 / Chapter 4.3. --- Communicative Act Analyses --- p.76 / Chapter 4.3.1. --- Intra-semiotic Analysis --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3.2. --- Inter-semiotic Analysis --- p.82 / Chapter 4.5. --- Summary --- p.91 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- The Case of Lindsey --- p.93 / Chapter 5.1. --- Introduction --- p.93 / Chapter 5.2. --- Profile of Lindsey --- p.93 / Chapter 5.3. --- Learning to Write on Vlogs: Establishing Identity through Idioms of Practice . --- p.95 / Chapter 5.4. --- Subtitling a Vlog: Stancetaking, Contradiction, and Irony --- p.101 / Chapter 5.5. --- Identity on and off YouTube --- p.110 / Chapter 5.6. --- Summary --- p.113 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- The Case of Ron --- p.114 / Chapter 6.1. --- Introduction --- p.114 / Chapter 6.2. --- Profiling Ron --- p.114 / Chapter 6.3. --- Blending in: Becoming a Part of the YouTube Community --- p.115 / Chapter 6.4. --- Question of the Week: Expansion of Idioms of Practice and Playfulness --- p.117 / Chapter 6.5. --- Ron’s Identity Performance --- p.122 / Chapter 6.5.1. --- Ron’s Writer and Speaker Identities --- p.122 / Chapter 6.5.2. --- ‘I don’t need to be real’: Online and Offline Identities --- p.126 / Chapter 6.6. --- Summary --- p.128 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.130 / Chapter 7.1. --- Introduction --- p.130 / Chapter 7.2. --- Findings to Research Questions --- p.130 / Chapter 7.2.1. --- Findings to Research Question Set 1 --- p.131 / Chapter 7.2.2. --- Findings to Research Question Set 2 --- p.132 / Chapter 7.2.3. --- Other findings --- p.134 / Chapter 7.3. --- Implications of the Study --- p.135 / Chapter 7.4. --- Limitations and Directions for Future Research --- p.138

Internet message boards are a medium by which educated Papua New Guineans who are living outside of Papua New Guinea (PNG) maintain ties to one another and to their home country. One of the languages that they use on these message boards is Tok Pisin (TP), an English-based creole spoken in PNG that has changed rapidly in theapproximately 120 years since its creation as a pidgin.Romaine (1992) suggests that decreolization by means of new changes toward English is occurring in the TP language. Smith (2002) disagrees and claims that there is no evidence for decreolization. This study shows that there is evidence in favor of decreolization, in particular a Matrix Language (ML) turnover (Myers-Scotton 2002), in the TP used on seven Internet message boards. This conclusion is also derived through the study of 139 letters to the editor in the TP weekly newspaper Wantok written during 2003 and 2006.In looking for English `late system morphemes,' whose existence in bilingual complementizer phrases that have TP as the ML would indicate the beginning of a ML turnover (Myers-Scotton 2002), this study counts deletion of the TP particle i as a late system morpheme.Results show that on Internet message boards, the particle i only marks the predicate in 33% of the locations where it would occur in Standard TP. In Wantok letters to the editor, i occurs 95% of the time. Internet users are more likely to be influenced by English and have less access to Standard TP. Although TP is still valued by highly educated Papua New Guineans in the English domain of the Internet to discuss personal topics and show solidarity with one another, it is not their first choice of language, and the loss of the particle i shows evidence for a ML turnover having begun in the language. One conclusion that may be drawn from this study is that planning for the future of TP by the leaders of PNG is essential to maintain TP as a community language. / Department of English

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2009. / Title from archive page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed July 16, 2010) Lynee Lewis Gaillet, committee chair; Baotong Gu, Beth Burmester, committee members. Includes bibliographical references.

Lau Tak Pang. / Thesis submitted in: October 2006. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-122). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.v / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Motivation and Major Contributions --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Chinese Readability Analysis --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Web Readability Analysis --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2 --- Thesis Chapter Organization --- p.6 / Chapter 2 --- Related Work --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1 --- Readability Assessment --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Assessment for Text Document --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Assessment for Web Page --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2 --- Support Vector Machine --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Characteristics and Advantages --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Applications --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3 --- Chinese Word Segmentation --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Difficulty in Chinese Word Segmentation --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Approaches for Chinese Word Segmentation --- p.17 / Chapter 3 --- Chinese Readability Analysis --- p.20 / Chapter 3.1 --- Chinese Readability Factor Analysis --- p.20 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Systematic Analysis --- p.20 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Feature Extraction --- p.30 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Limitation of Our Analysis and Possible Extension --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2 --- Research Methodology --- p.33 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Definition of Readability --- p.33 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Data Acquisition and Sampling --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Text Processing and Feature Extraction . --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Regression Analysis using Support Vector Regression --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Evaluation --- p.36 / Chapter 3.3 --- Introduction to Support Vector Regression --- p.38 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Basic Concept --- p.38 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Non-Linear Extension using Kernel Technique --- p.41 / Chapter 3.4 --- Implementation Details --- p.42 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Chinese Word Segmentation --- p.42 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Building Basic Chinese Character / Word Lists --- p.47 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Pull Sentence Detection --- p.49 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Feature Selection Using Genetic Algorithm --- p.50 / Chapter 3.5 --- Experiments --- p.55 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Experiment 1: Evaluation on Chinese Word Segmentation using the LMR-RC Tagging Scheme --- p.56 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Experiment 2: Initial SVR Parameters Searching with Different Kernel Functions --- p.61 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Experiment 3: Feature Selection Using Genetic Algorithm --- p.63 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Experiment 4: Training and Cross-validation Performance using the Selected Feature Subset --- p.67 / Chapter 3.5.5 --- Experiment 5: Comparison with Linear Regression --- p.74 / Chapter 3.6 --- Summary and Future Work --- p.76 / Chapter 4 --- Web Readability Analysis --- p.78 / Chapter 4.1 --- Web Page Readability --- p.79 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Readability as Comprehension Difficulty . --- p.79 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Readability as Grade Level --- p.81 / Chapter 4.2 --- Web Site Readability --- p.83 / Chapter 4.3 --- Experiments --- p.85 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Experiment 1: Web Page Readability Analysis -Comprehension Difficulty --- p.87 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Experiment 2: Web Page Readability Analysis -Grade Level --- p.92 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Experiment 3: Web Site Readability Analysis --- p.98 / Chapter 4.4 --- Summary and Future Work --- p.101 / Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.104 / Chapter A --- List of Symbols and Notations --- p.107 / Chapter B --- List of Publications --- p.110 / Bibliography --- p.113

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Universität Göttingen, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 259-297).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:47:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Danieli_Godoy_Silva_Dissertacao.pdf: 4304683 bytes, checksum: 4cdb50763d78f5269dea6fcb012a71a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-10 / This research seeks to clarify the relationships that students at a public school in the city of Pelotas, RS lay with the writings of the virtual environment (Orkut and Yahoo) and the school environment, and thus understand how these appear in school documents. This is a work of a qualitative approach, using methodological resources as the holding of meetings / conversations with the students, school attendance, and virtual on the Internet, as well as collection and analysis of documents: the notebooks of the students, recording and transcript of conversations held in virtual environments. Data analysis was based from authors such as Babin and Kouloumdjian (1989), Porto (2000, 2002, 2003, 2005), Bagno (2003, 2007), Castells (2003), among others, to analyze and understand the uses that young adolescents are writing the virtual environment and school environment. In this context, the study proposes to answer the following questions: How have been materialized forms of virtual communication - especially writing - among young Internet users? Did the students find it difficult to separate the writing of writing virtual school? To what extent writing Internautica influences the writing at school? What are the relationships that these languages still together? What are the negotiations that these young people do and why? To try answer these questions, the proposal is developed in the researcher‟s interactions with young people: at scholl and in the virtual environment. The findings point to the fact that the language of the internet is this school and adolescent students' writing, however, appear in moments of relaxation, in informal conversations written in chats with friends and colleagues. Young people use writing coming from the virtual environments (Orkut and MSN) in places where teachers do not usually look - capes, cloaks and a half against the contract. Even the writing of the virtual environment and is present only in places where teachers do not see, they are part of the communications that adolescents have with colleagues and friends / Esta pesquisa busca explicitar as relações que alunos de uma escola pública da cidade de Pelotas/RS estabelecem com as escritas do ambiente virtual (Orkut e MSN) e do ambiente escolar, e desta forma perceber como estas aparecem nos documentos escolares. Trata se de um trabalho de cunho qualitativo, que utiliza como recursos metodológicos, a realização de encontros/conversas com os alunos, tanto presenciais na escola, quanto virtuais na internet, bem como a coleta e análise de documentos: os cadernos dos alunos, gravação e transcrição de conversas mantidas em ambientes virtuais. A análise dos dados foi fundamentada a partir de autores como Babin e Kouloumdjian (1989), Porto (2000, 2002, 2003, 2005), Bagno (2003, 2007), Castells (2003), entre outros, com o objetivo de analisar e compreender os usos que os jovens adolescentes fazem da escrita do ambiente virtual e escolar. Nesse contexto, o estudo se propõe a responder as seguintes questões: Como vêm sendo materializadas as formas de comunicação virtual especialmente as de escrita entre jovens usuários da internet? Será que os estudantes encontram dificuldades para separar a escrita virtual da escrita da escola? Em que medida a escrita internáutica influencia a escrita na escola? Quais as relações que tais linguagens mantêm entre si? Quais as negociações que esses jovens fazem? Por quê? Para tentar responder essas questões, a proposta se desenvolve nas interações da pesquisadora com os jovens: no ambiente escolar e no ambiente virtual. As conclusões apontam para o fato de que a linguagem da internet está presente na escola e na escrita dos estudantes adolescentes, entretanto, aparecem em momentos de descontração, em conversas escritas informais, em bate-papos com os amigos e colegas. Os jovens utilizam a escrita oriunda dos ambientes virtuais (Orkut e MSN) em locais onde os professores não costumam olhar, tais como capas, contra capas e no meio dos cadernos. Mesmo a escrita do ambiente virtual estando presente apenas em locais onde os professores não vêem, elas fazem parte das comunicações que os adolescentes estabelecem com os colegas e amigos

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Communication

The diploma thesis folows up the analysis of the language of spanish speaking adolescents acros online discussion forums. The theoretic section mainly pursues the issues of the oral/written and colloquial/formal dichotomies which takes an important part in the resultant form of the language used on the internet. It also describes the general features of language, used on the internet, focusing spanish and adolescent users. The practical section analyses the graphic, morphosyntactical, semantic and pragmatic level of the language sample found on the internet discussion forums.